------来源网络,仅供参考
英语基础知识大全
名词的变化规律?
1.?一般情况下加s?(如cats,?dogs,?friends,?books,?papers等)?
2.?以s,?x,?ch,?sh?结尾的加es?(如bus,?boxes,?matches,?flashes等)?
3.?以辅音字母+y?结尾的名词,把y?改为i?再加es?(如ladies,?stories,?candies等)?但要注
意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如:boy→boys,day→days。
4.?部分以o?结尾的名词,有生命的加es,?没生命的加s?(如
potatoes,?tomatoes,?photos,?pianos等),以oo?结尾一般情况下加s?(如zoo,?kangaroo等)?
5.?以f?或fe?结尾的名词,多把f?或fe?改为v再加es?(如knives,?shelves,?leaves等)?
(7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式,例如:man→men,woman→women,tooth→teeth,foot→feet,
child→children,mou→mice。
【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。例如:anEnglishman,
twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;man,woman等作定语时,它的
单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定,如:menworkers,womenteachers。
有个别名词单复数一样,例如:Chine,Japane,sheep,deer,fish等。但当fish表示不同
种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾。
复数词尾s(或es)的读音方法
1、在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后读[s],如cups,hats,cakes。
2、在[s][z][t][][f]等音后读[iz],如glass,pages,oranges,bus,watches,faces。
3、在[b][d][g][v]等浊辅音后读[z],如beds,dogs,cities,knives。
?动词各种时态的变化?
一、动词三单形式的变化规律
1.?直接在动词后加s?,如want—wants,work—works,know—knows,help—helps,get—gets。
2.?以s,?x,?ch,?sh?结尾的动词在后面加es?,如watch—watches,catch—catches。
3.?以辅音字母加o?结尾加es?,如go—goes,do—does。
4.?以辅音字母加y?结尾,把y?改为i?再加es?,如study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,
worry—worries
5.?以元音字母加y?结尾,直接加s?,如play—plays.
6.?不规则变化??
二、动词ing?的变化规律:?
------来源网络,仅供参考
1.英语动词加-ing,通常是在原形词尾直接加-ing构成:cough—coughing,climb—climbing,
stand—standing,fight—fighting?
2.以-e结尾的动词?
(1)如果动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾,一般应去掉e再加ing:?
write—writing,hope—hoping,care—caring,stare—staring,plane—plan-ing,have—having,
save—saving,?produce—producing,?breathe—breathing?(2)以-ie结尾的动词应先将e去
掉,将i变成y然后再加-ing:?die—dying,tie—tying,vie—vying,lie—lying?
(3)以-ee,-oe,-ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e:?
e—eing,flee—fleeing,free—freeing,agree—agreeing,hoe—hoeing,?dye—dyeing,
eye—eyeing?
(4)以-ue结尾的动词大多应先去e再加-ing:?
sue—suing,imbue—imbuing,construe—construing,pursue—pursuing,rue—ruing?有时,
词尾e可去掉也可保留:?glue—gluing或?glueing,cue—cuing或?cueing,?blue—blueing
或?bluing,?true—truing或trueing,clue—clueing或cluing?
3.以一元音加一辅音结尾的动词?
(1)如果动词最后一音节为重读闭音节,最后一个字母需要重复:?
run—running,?stop—stopping,?hop—hopping,?plan—planning,star—starring,?control
—controlling但辅音x是个例外,无需重复(x其实起着两个辅音的作用):?tax—taxing,relax
—relaxing?
(2)如果动词最后一个音节为次重读音节,最后一个字母有时也重复:?kidnap—kadnapping或
kidnaping,program—programming或programing?
(3)如果动词最后一个音节为非重读音节,最后一个字母大多无需重复:?
open—opening,offer—offering,audit—auditing但在有些动词中,重复或不重复均
可:?worship—worshiping或?worshipping,focus—focusing或?focussing,cancel—canceling
或cancelling,travel—traveling或travelling?
以非重读的-el结尾的动词加-ing时,英国英语习惯于重复词尾l,而美国英语则习惯于不重复1。?
4.若动词以一元音加一半元音(y或w)结尾,可直接加-ing:?
pay—paying,?throw—throwing,follow—following,?draw—drawing,?em-ploy—employing?
5.以-ic结尾的动词应先在字母c后加一字母k再加-ing:?
frolic—frolicking,panic—panicking,mimic—mimicking,picnic—picnicking,traffic—
trafficking?
------来源网络,仅供参考
三、动词过去式的变化规律:?
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,?cook-cooked??
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted?
?3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
stop-stopped??
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,?再加-ed,如:study-studied??
5.不规则动词过去式:??
am,is-was?are-were?do-did??e-saw?????say-said?give-gave?
get-got?????go-went??
come-came?have-had?eat-ate?????take-took??
run-ran?????sing-sang???put-put?????make-made?
read-read?write-wrote?????draw-drew?drink-drank?fly-flew?ride-rode?
speak-spoke
sweep-swept?????swim-swam?sit-sat
形容词比较级?
1、一般在词尾加er??如long变为longer?
2、以不发音的字母e结尾的加r??如late变为leter?
3、以重读闭音节结尾的词,而词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这一辅音字母,再加er???如hot
变为hotter?
4、以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词先变y为i再加er??如happy变为happier?多音节词在词前加
more?如quickly变为more?quickly?
另外还有一些不规则变化?如good变为better???many变为more?这类问题要注意积累?一般在词
尾加er??如long变为longer?。
本文发布于:2022-11-12 23:33:17,感谢您对本站的认可!
本文链接:http://www.wtabcd.cn/fanwen/fan/88/7360.html
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系,我们将在24小时内删除。
| 留言与评论(共有 0 条评论) |