permafrost

西安市2014高考英语阅读理解训练（21）及答案

【广东省汕头市2014高考英语模拟试题】C

Celebrities(名人)aremoreinlovewiththemlvesthantheaverageperson，

accordingtoanewstudy．

Incaanyoneneededproof,anewstudysupportsthewidelyheldperception：

Famouspeoplearemorenarcissistic(自我陶醉的)，whichmeanstheyaremoreinlove

withthemlvesthantheaveragepersonis．ThatistheconclusiondrawnbyDrewPinsky

andS．MarkYoungoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia，whostudyof200

celebritieswillappearintheJournalOfRearchinPersonality．

Itisnottheentertainmentindustrythatturnsstarsintonarcissists，thestudy

found．Rather,itsuggests，thelf-adoring(自恋的)peopleekjobsinshow

business．Thestudy,whosubjectswerea11celebritiesfromPinsky’s‘Loveline’

radioshow,foundthatrealityTVstarswerethemostnarcissisticofall

celebrities．Femalestarswerealsomorelikelythanthemalestarstoexhibit

narcissisticcharacteristics．

It’s“commonn”thatcelebritiesarenarcissists，saidJeremyRitzlin，

alongtimeHollywoodpsychologistwhohasnotenthestudy．“Everyoneknowsfamous

peoplearereallyinlovewiththemlves，”hesaid．“Soitwouldbenaturalfor

narcissiststobeattractedtowardthestageandspotlight，whereotherpeoplewill

alsothinkhighlyofthem．”

Pinsky,anassistantclinicalprofessorofpsychiatryatUSC’SKeckSchoolof

Medicine，saidnarcissistsdesireattention，areoverconfident，behavestrangelyand

lacksympathy．“However,theyareeasily-liked，especiallyonfirstmeeting，are

outgoingandperformwellinpublic，”addedPinsky,whohashostedtheradioshow

“Loveline”for20years．

Celebrityguestsappearingontheprogramwererandomlychontoparticipate

inthestudy．Theyanonymously(匿名地)tooktheNarcissisticPersonalityInventory

test．whichrateslf-lovelevelsbadonvencomponents：superiority,

exhibitionism，entitlement，vanity，authority,exploitativeness，and

lf-sufficiency．

36．Whoaremostlikelytobelf-adoringinthestudy?

A．Thewomenstars．B．Themenstars

C．Theaveragepeople．D．Itisnotmentionedinthepassage．

37．Accordingtotheforthparagraph．thefact“celebritiesare

narcissists”.

A．iscommonintheentertainmentindustry

B．isamisunderstandingofJeremyRitzlin

C．isknowntomostofthepeople

D．isunrealonthestage

38．AccordingtoPinsky,narcissistsmayNOT.

A．hopetoattractattention

B．bekindtopoorpeople

C．believeinthemlves

D．belikedbyotherasily

39．Howwerethecelebritiessurveyedinthestudy?

A．TheywereinterviewedbyDrewPinskyandS．MarkYoung．

B．TheywereinvitedtotheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia．

C。TheyappearedonPinsky’s‘Loveline’radioshow．

D．TheytooktheNarcissisticPersonalityInventorytest．

40．TheauthorofthispassagewantstotellUS．

A．howpsychologistsmakeastudy

B．howentertainmentindustryproducescelebrities

C．howpeoplethinkofthefamousstars

D．howcelebritiesfeelaboutthemlves

【参考答案】36—40、ACBDD

较难题目特训：介绍说明类

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答

题卡上将该项涂黑。

laskabe

sinking?That’swhatsomevillagersinAlaskahavebeenaskingthemlvesrecently

temperaturesmaybecausingAlaska’s

frozengroundtothaw(解冻).

About85percentofAlaska’slandsurfacehaspermafrost(永久冻结带).Permafrost

supportsthegroundaboveit—includingtrees,hous,isthe

permafrostthawing?

Som

ythatthewarmer

wingpermafrostcan

cauproblemsforpeople,plants,andanimals.

Thecollapsing(倒塌)isaprobleminthevillagesinAlaskawhicharebuilton

permafrost,andsomeofthemmayhavetomovetosaferground,wherethereisno

permafrost.

,accordingto

JamesWalters,apermafrostexpertattheUniversityofNorthernIowa,hou-moving

companieshavebeenverybusy.

“Meltingpermafrostcanalsodestroytreesandforests,”Walterssaid.“Whenholes

inthegroundform,uldturnaforestintoa

swamp(沼泽),andanimalswhichneedtheforestswillhavetomoveelwhere.”

“Themeltingcouldcauvereproblems.”Walterssays,“Thiscouldtakehundreds

ofyears,butintheendAlaskawilllookquitedifferentfromwhatitlookslike

now.”

fthefollowingcanbeudasthebesttitleofthepassage?

—AFrozenLand

kaSinking?

ionandGlobalWarming

IsPolluted

nreasonwhypermafrostisthawingisthat______.

peratureinAlaskaisrising

inAlaskadon’ttakecareofpermafrost

yhousarebuiltonpermafrost

inAlaskapollutedpermafrost

lowingaretheresultsofmeltingpermafrostEXCEPT______.

ormintheground

twillbeturnedintoaswamp

imalshavetogoelwhere

terwillbeneededbypeopleandanimals

fthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

rmafrostmelts,houswillfalldown.

-movingcompaniesarebusybecautheirhousareindanger.

permafrostmeltingisaverydifficultproblem.

Alaska’slandsurfacehaspermafrost.

【参考答案】

较难题目特训：介绍说明类

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答

题卡上将该项涂黑。

ast,people

r,nowadaysitisbecomingmore

findinformation

ationcanbefoundabouthowto

fulfillyourapplicationletter,theclothesthatyoushouldwearandhowtocarry

outtheinterviewitlf.

Theimportanceofbodylanguageisoftenmentioned,butdoesn’talwaysgetthe

ll,beforeawordhaverbeenspoken,yourbody

onally,

nyourbody

lsoshowifyouareabusy

oraquiettypeandithelpsgiveanimpressionofwhetheryouarespeakingtruthfully

nguagecanshowhowenthusiasticyouareandifyouareaniceperson,

someonewhowilltakehisworkriously,butalsosomeonewhohasanofhumor

bersoftheapplicationcommitteewill

askyouquestions,butyouranswerswon’mitteewillnotonly

payattentiontowhatyousay,butalsotohowyousayit!Bodylanguagewilldetermine

firstifit“clicks”,ody

usbodylanguage,butittakesplacemostlyatasubconscious(下意识的)

bodylanguageappropriately,youcandefinitelyincreayourchancesofgettinga

job.

ndofpeopleisthetextmainlymeantfor?

ers.D.

Lay-offworkers.

earnfromthefirstparagraphthat______.

-writtenlettersarenotudinfindingajob

eexpensiveclothesintervieweeswear,thebetter

nguageismoreimportantthanspokenwords

etisofsignificanceinapplyingforajob

odylanguagewellinajobinterviewwillprobably______.

oftheinterviewers’prejudice

inewhatpositiononewillget

thepossibilitytogetthewantedjob

eremovenervousness

fthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

singbodylanguageareusuallyconfident.

nguageisoftenudonpurpoinjobhunting.

nguageisamirrortoreflectone’spersonality.

enjoyingjokesarepreferredinajobinterview.

【参考答案】

【广东省汕头市2014高考英语模拟试题】D

Oneofthegreatestsourcesofunhappiness，inmyexperience，isthedifficulty

wehaveinacceptingthingsastheyare．

Whenweesomethingwedon’tlike，wewishitcouldbedifferent．Wecryout

forsomethingbetter．Thatmaybehumannature，orperhapsit’ssomethingingrained(根

深蒂固的)inourculture．Therootoftheunhappinessisn’tnecessarilythatwewant

thingstobedifferent．However,it’sthatwedecidedwedidn’tlikeitinthefirst

place．We’vejudgeditasbad，ratherthansaying,“It'snotbadorgood，andit

justisit．”

Inoneofmybooks，Isaid“Youshouldexpectpeopletomessupandexpectthings

togodifferentlythanyouplanned”．Somereaderssaidit'stoosorrowfultoexpect

thingstogowrong．However,it’sonlynegativeifyoueitasnegativeandjudge

itasbad．Instead，youcouldacceptitasthewaytheworldworksandtrytounderstand

whythatis．

Thiscanbeappliedtowhateveryoudo：howotherpeopleactatwork，howpolitics

worksandhowdepressingthenewsmediacanbe．Acceptthethingsastheyare，

andtrytounderstandwhythey’rethatway．Itwillsaveyoualotofsadness，

becauyou’llnolongersay,“Oh．1wishbadthingsdidn’thappen!’’

Doesitmeanyoucanneverchangethings?Notata11．Butchangethingsnotbecau

youcan’tacceptthingsastheyare，butbecauyouenjoytheprocessofchanging，

learningandgrowing．

Canwemakethisworldabetterplace?Youcansaythatyou’11continuetotry

todothingstohelpothers，togrowasaperson，tomakeadifferenceinthisworld．That’

sthecorrectpathyouchoototake，becauyouenjoythatpath．Therefore，when

youfindyourlfjudgingandwishingfordifference，tryadifferentapproach：

accept，andunderstand．Itmightleadtosomeinterestingresults．

41．Theauthorbelievesthatwefeelunhappymaybebecau___________.

A．itisournaturalemotioninthelife

B．cultureasksustobedifferentfromothers

C．everyonehastheirownopinionsonthings

D．wedislikesomethinginthebeginning

42．Somereadersthinkthewordsintheauthor’sbookistoo______________.

A．depressingB．frighteningC．delightingD．idealistic

43．InParagraph4，theunderlinedword"it"refersto____________．

A．actingwellatworkandinpolitics

B．feelingdepresdforthenewsmedia

C．acceptingandunderstandingwhathashappened

D．sayingsomethingnegativewhenbadthingscome

44．Inthelastparagraph，youareadvid_____________．

A．tohelpothersandmakeadifference

B．toenjoywhatyouhavetodointhework

C．tojudgeyourlfandmakeawishforyou

D．totryanewwaywhenmakingtheworldbetter

45．Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?

A．Expectingthingstobedifferentgivesushope．

B．Acceptingcanmakeourlifehappierandbetter．

C．Traditionalculturebecomesrootofunhappiness．

D．Judginggoodorbadisimportantforourworld．

【参考答案】41—45、DACDB