六级试卷

2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）

特别说明：2016年6月大学英语六级试卷的三套试题有重叠部分，本试卷（第二套）只

列出与第一、第三套不重复的试题。具体重叠部分：本卷所有听力题与第一套试卷有重复，

本试卷不再列出。

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Forthispart,maginewhat

wil

requiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

Directions:

PartIIIReadingcomprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,requiredtolectone

wordfoe

oiceinthebankisidentifiedbya

markthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingleline

notuanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Theroboticsrevolutionisttobringhumansfacetofacewithanoldfear—man-madecreations

tstakeonevermorecomplex

roles,thequestionnaturally26:Whowillberesponsiblewhentheydosomethingwrong?

Manufacturers?Urs?Softwarewriters?Theanswerdependsontherobot.

Robotsalreadysaveustime,uture,theywillimproveourhealthcare,

27ofcomputationalpowerandengineeringadvances

will28enablelower-costin-homecareforthedisabled,29uofdriverlesscarsthatmayreduce

drunk-anddistracted-drivingaccidentsandcountlesshomeandrvice-industryusforrobots,

fromstreetcleaningtofoodpreparation.

( 遥控飞行器 )operatorwill31

someone’iclawnmowerwillrunoveraneighbor’sympathetictothe

32ofould

governmentsdotoprotectpeoplewhile34spaceforinnovation?

Big,complicatedsystemsonwhichmuchpublicsafetydepends,likedriverlesscars,shouldbe

built,35andsoldbymanufacturerswhotakeresponsibilityforensuringsafetyandareliablefor

mentsshouldtsafetyrequirementsandthenletinsurerspricetheriskofthe

robotsbadonthemanufacturer’sdrivingrecord,notthepasnger’s.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)arisB)ascendsC)boundD)combinationE)definiteF)eventuallyG)interfereH)invadeI)

manifestingJ)penaltiesK)prervingL)programmedM)proximatelyN)victimsO)widespread

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

fytheparagraphfrom

ragraphis

markedwithaletter.

AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

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ReformandMedicalCosts

[A]Americansaredeeplyconcernedabouttherelentlessriinhealthcarecostsandhealth

weristhat

damentalfix—reshapinghowcareis

deliveredandhowdoctorsarepaidinawasteful,abnormalsystem—islikelytobeachievedonly

throughtrialanderrorandincremental( 渐进的 )gains.

[B]ThegoodnewsisthatabilljustapprovedbytheHouandabillapprovedbytheSenate

FinanceCommitteewouldimplementortestmanyreformsthatshouldhelpslowtheriin

ortinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineconcluded,

“PrettymucheverypropodinnovationfoundinthehealthpolicyIiteraturethedaysis

containedinthemeasures.”

[C]Medicalspending,whichtypicallyrisfasterthanwagesandtheoveralleconomy,is

propelledbytwothings:thehighpriceschargedformedicalrvicesinthiscountryandthe

volumeofunnecessarycaredeliveredbydoctorsandhospitals,whichoftenperformalotmore

testsandtreatmentsthanapatientreallyneeds.

[D]HerearesomeoftheimportantproposalsintheHouandSenatebillstotrytoaddresstho

problems,andwhyitishardtoknowhowwelltheywillwork.

[E]BothbillswouldreducetherateofgrowthinannualMedicarepaymentstohospitals,nursing

homesandotherprovidersbyamountscomparabletotheproductivitysavingsroutinelymadein

otheoposal

couldsaveMedicaremorethan$ateplansdemanded

similarproductivitysavingsfromproviders,andrefudtoletprovidersshiftadditionalcoststo

them,ssayCongresswillgiveintolobbyistsandlet

inefficientprovidersoffthehook(放过).ThatisfarlesslikelytohappenifCongressalsoadopts

strong“pay-go”rulesrequiringthatanyincreainpaymentstoprovidersbeofftbynewtaxes

orbudgetcuts.

[F]TheSenateFinancebillwouldimpoanexcitax( 消费税 )onhealthinsuranceplansthat

costmorethan$8,000foranindividualor$21,dmostlikelycau

eeswouldhavetopaymoremoney

formanyrvicesoutoftheirownpockets,andthatwouldencouragethemtothinktwiceabout

istsprojectthatmostemployers

wouldshiftmoneyfromexpensivehealthbenefitsintowages,TheHoubillhasnosimilartax.

Thefinallegislationshould.

[G]Anydoctorwhohaswrestledwithmultipleformsfromdifferentinsurers,orpatientswho

havetriedtounderstandtheirownparadeofstatements,knowthatsimplificationoughttosave

ehealthinsuranceindustrywasstillcooperatinginreformefforts,itstradegroup

matedthatstepwouldsave

lswouldlockthatpledgeintolaw.

[H]Thestimuluspackageprovidedmoneytoconverttheinefficient,paper-drivenmedicalsystem

quiresopeninvestmentsto

itshouldhelprestraincostsbyeliminatingredundanttests,

preventingdruginteractions,andhelpingdoctorsfindthebesttreatments.

[I]Virtuallyallexpertsagreethatthefee-for-rvicesystem—doctorsarerewardedforthe

quantityofcareratherthanitsqualityoreffectiveness—isaprimaryreasonthatthecostofcareis

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reethatthesolutionistopushdoctorstoacceptfixedpaymentstocarefora

particularillnessorforapatient’nowshowtomakethathappen

cludesuch

measuresasaccountablecareorganizationstotakechargeofapatient’sneedswithaneyeonboth

costandquality,andchronicdiamanagementtomakesuretheriouslyill,whoare

responsibleforthebulkofallhealthcarecosts,mostpart,the

experimentsrelyonincentivepaymentstogetdoctorstotrythem.

[J]Testinginnovationsdonogoodunlessthegoodexperimentsareidentifiedandexpandedand

atebillwouldcreateanindependentcommissiontomonitorthe

pilotprogramsandrecommendchangesinMedicare’spaymentpoliciestourgeproviderstoadopt

ngeswouldhavetobeapprovedorrejectedasawholebyCongress,

makingithardfornarrow-interestlobbiestobendlawmakerstotheirwill.

[K]Thebillsinbothchamberswouldcreatehealthinsuranceexchangesonwhichsmall

businessandindividualscouldchoofromanarrayofprivateplansandpossiblyapublic

planswouldhavetoprovidestandardbenefitpackagesthatwouldbeeasyto

ccesstomillionsofnewcustomers,insurerswouldhaveastrongincentiveto

head-to-headcompetitionmightgivethemastrongincentiveto

lowertheirprices,perhapsbyacceptingslimmerprofitmarginsordemandingbetterdealsfrom

providers.

[L]Thefinallegislationmightthrowapublicplanintothecompetition,butthankstothefierce

oppositionoftheinsuranceindustryandRepublicancritics,

oneintheHoubillwouldhavetonegotiaterateswithproviders,ratherthanusingMedicare

rates,asmanyreformerswanted.

[M]Thepresident’sstimuluspackageispumpingmoneyintorearchtocomparehowwell

ery,radiationorcarefulmonitoringbestforprostate(前列腺)

cancer?Isthelatestandmostexpensivecholesterol-loweringdruganybetterthanitscommon

competitors?Thependingbillswouldspendadditionalmoneytoacceleratethiffort.

[N]Criticshavechargedthatthisnsibleideawouldleadtorationingofcare.(Thatwouldbe

trueonlyifyoubelievedthatpatientsshouldhaveanunrestrainedrighttotreatmentsproventobe

inferior.)Asaresult,thebillsdonotrequire,astheyshould,thattheresultsofthestudiesbe

udtotpaymentratesinMedicare.

[O]CongressneedstofindthecouragetoallowMedicaretopaypreferentiallyfortreatments

rall,we

suspectthatspendingwouldcomedownthrougheliminationofalotofunnecessaryoreven

dangeroustestsandtreatments.

[P]TheHoubillwouldauthorizethecretaryofhealthandhumanrvicestonegotiatedrug

thoritativeanalystsdoubtthatthecretarywouldget

inother

countries.

[Q]Mctice

awardsdodriveupinsurancepremiumsfordoctorsinhigh-riskspecialties,andthereissome

evidencethatdoctorngagein“defensivemedicine”byperformingtestsandtreatments

primarilytoprovetheyarenotnegligentshouldtheygetsued.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

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aximpodonexpensivehealthinsuranceplans,mostemployerswilllikelytransfer

moneyfromhealthexpensintowages.

sinpolicywouldbeapprovedorrejectedasawholesothatlobbyistswouldfindit

hardtoinfluencelawmakers.

teasytocurbtherisingmedicalcostsinAmerica.

rdizationofformsforautomaticprocessingwillsavealotofmedicalexpens.

icansandtheinsuranceindustryarestronglyoppodtothecreationofapublic

insuranceplan.

sionofpapertoelectronicmedicalrecordswillhelpeliminateredundanttestsand

preventdruginteractions.

hcostofmedicalrvicesandunnecessarytestsandtreatmentshavedrivenupmedical

expens.

nfactorthathasdrivenupmedicalexpensisthatdoctorsarecompensatedforthe

amountofcareratherthanitffect.

rytoanalysts’doubts,theauthorbelievesdrugpricesmaybeloweredthrough

negotiation.

mpetitionmightcreateastrongincentiveforinsurerstochargeless.

SectionC

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestions

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Facingwatershortagesandescalatingfertilizercosts,farmersindevelopingcountriesareusing

rawwage( 下水道污水 )toirrigateandfertilizenearly49millionacresofcropland,according

toanewreport—anditmaynotbeabadthing.

Whilethepracticecarriesrioushealthrisksformany,thodangersareoutweighedbythe

socialandeconomicgainsforpoorurbanfarmersandconsumerswhoneedaffordablefood.

“Thereisalargepotentialforwastewateragriculturetobothhelpandhurtgreatnumbersof

urbanconsumers,”saidLiqaRaschid-Sally,wholedthestudy.

Thereportfocudonpoorurbanareas,wherefarmsinornearcitiessupplyrelatively

developedcities,however,theareaslackadvancedwater-treatmentfacilities,andrivers

effectivelybecomewers( 下水道 ).

Whenthiswaterisudforagriculturalirrigation,farmersriskabsorbingdia-causingbecteria,

2.2millionpeopledieayear

becauofdiarrhea-related( 与腹泻相关的)dias,an

80%ofthocascanbeattributedtocontactwithcontaminatedwaterandalackofproper

Drechl,anenvironmentalscientist,arguesthatthesocialandeconomic

benefitsofusinguntreatedhumanwastetogrowfoodoutweighthehealthrisks.

Thodangerscanbeaddresdwithfarmerandconsumereducation,hesaid,whilethefreewater

andnutrientsfromhumanwastecanhelpurbanfarmersindevelopingcountriestoescapepoverty.

Agricultureisawater-intensivebusiness,accountingfornearly70%ofglobalfreshwater

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consumption.

Inpoor,dryregions,untreatedwastewateristheonlyviableirrigationsourcetokeepfarmersin

cas,waterissoscarcethatfarmersbreakopenwagepipestransporting

tionistheprimaryagriculturaluofhumanwasteinthedeveloping

quentlyuntreatedhumanwasteharvestedfromlavatoriesisdeliveredtofarmsand

spreadasfertilizer.

Inmostcas,thehumanwasteisudongraincrops,whichareeventuallycooked,minimizing

rtilizerpricesjumpingnearly50%permetric

tonoverthelastyearinsomeplaces,humanwasteisanattractive,andoftennecessary,

alternative.

Incaswherewagemudisud,

containsthesamecriticalnutrients.

“Overlystrictstandardsoftenfail,”JamesBartram,aWHOwater-healthexpert,said.“Weneed

toacceptthatfactacrossmuchoftheplanet,sowastewithlittleornotreatmentwillbeudin

agricultureforgoodreason.”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

estheauthorsayabouttheuofrawwageforfarming?

A)Itsriskscannotbeoverestimated.B)Itshouldbeforbiddenaltogether.

C)Itsbenefitsoutweighthehazardsinvolved.D)Itispollutingmillionsofacresofcropland.

themainproblemcaudbytheuofwastewaterforirrigation?

A)Riversandlakesnearbywillgraduallybecomecontaminated.

B)Itwilldriveproducersofchemicalfertilizersoutofbusiness.

C)Farmersandconsumersmaybeaffectedbyharmfulbacteria.

D)Itwillmakethefarmproducelesscompetitiveonthemarket.

environmentalscientistPayDrechl’sattitudetowardstheuofuntreatedhuman

wasteinagriculture?

A)Favorable.B)Skeptical.C)Indifferent.D)Responsible.

esPayDreschlthinkoftherisksinvolvedinusinguntreatedhumanwastefor

farming?

A)Theyhavebeensomewhatexaggerated.

B)Theycanbedealtwiththrougheducation.

C)Theywillbeminimizedwithnewtechnology.

D)Theycanbeaddresdbyimprovedsanitation.

welearnaboutJamesBartram’spositionontheuofhumanwasteforfarming?

A)HeechoesPayDrechl’sopinionontheissue.

B)HechallengesLiqaRaschid-Sally’sconclusion

C)Hethinksittheonlywayoutofthecurrentfoodcrisis.

D)Hedeemsitindispensableforcombatingglobalpoverty.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Thedays,esgrazeonhigh-cholesteroltake-awaysand

makesitoddthatthekitchenhasbecometheheartofthemodernhou:whatthegreathallwasto

themedievalcastle,thekitchenistothe21st-centuryhome.

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icathekitchenmarketisnow

worth$170billion,5timesthecountry’eartoAugust2007,IKEA,a

Swedishfurniturechain,ragebudgetfora

“major”kitchenoverhaulin2006,calculatesRemodelingmagazine,wasastaggering$54,000;

evena“minor”improvementcostonaverage$18,000.

.Exclusivity,morefamiliarintheworldofhighfashion,hasreachedthekitchen:Robinson&

Cornish,aBritishmanufacturerofcustom-madekitchens,offersaGeorgian-styleonewhich

wouldcost£145,000–155,000—excludingbuilding,lling

pointisthatnobodyelwillhaveit:“Youwon’tethiskitchenanywhereelintheworld.”

Theelevationoftheroomthatoncebelongedonlytothervantstothatofdesignshowcafor

ntotheearly20thcentury,

kitchensweresmoky,noisyplaces,generallylocatedunderground,ortothebackofthehou,and

sasitshouldbe:kitchenswereforrvants,andthe

aspiringmiddleclasswantednothingtodowiththem.

Butastheworkingclassprosperedandthervantshortagetin,houkeepingbecamea

hepioneersofaradicalnewwayofthinking

aboutthekitchenwasCatharineEstherBeecher,ican

Woman’sHome,publishedin1869,theBeechersistersrecommendedascientificapproachto

houholdmanagement,designedtoenhancetheefficiencyofawoman’sworkandpromoteorder.

ManycontemporaryideasaboutkitchendesigncanbetracedbacktoanotherAmerican,Christine

Frederick,1919work,Houhold

Engineering:ScientificManagementintheHome,wasbadondetailedobrvationofa

houwife’rowedtheprincipleofefficiencyonthefactoryfloorand

appliedittodomestictasksonthekitchenfloor.

Frederick’scentralidea,that“stove,sinkandkitchentablemustbeplacedinsucharelationthat

ulessstepsareavoidedentirely,”inspiredthefirstfullyfittedkitchen,designedinthe1920sby

MargareteSchümodernisttriumph,andmanyelementsremaincentral

featuresoftoday’skitchen.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

estheauthorsayaboutthekitchenoftoday?

A)Itiswherehouwivesdisplaytheircookingskills.

B)Itiswherethefamilyentertainsimportantguests.

C)Ithasbecomesomethingoddinamodernhou.

D)Itisregardedasthecenterofamodernhome.

stheGeorgian-stylekitchenllataveryhighprice?

A)Itisbelievedtohavetremendousartisticvalue.

B)Noduplicateistobefoundinanyotherplace.

C)ItismanufacturedbyafamousBritishcompany.

D)Noothermanufacturercanproduceanythinglikeit.

esthechangeinthestatusofthekitchenreflect?

A)Improvedlivingconditions.B)Women’levatedstatus.

C)Technologicalprogress.D)Socialchange.

stheBeechersisters’ideaofakitchen?

A)Aplacewherewomencouldworkmoreefficiently.

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B)Aplacewherehightechnologycouldbeapplied.

C)Aplaceofinteresttotheeducatedpeople.

D)Aplacetoexperimentwithnewideas.

welearnabouttoday’skitchen?

A)Itreprentstherapidtechnologicaladvanceinpeople’sdailylife.

B)Manyofitscentralfeaturesarenodifferentfromthoofthe1920s.

C)Ithasbeentransformedbeyondrecognition.

D)Manyofitsfunctionshavechangedgreatly.

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineinto

uld

writeyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

旗袍（qipao）是一种雅致的中国服装，源于中国的满族（ManchuNationality）。在清代，

旗袍是王室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪20年代，受西方服饰影响，旗袍发生了一些变

化。袖口（cuffs）变窄，袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以充分展现。如今，旗袍经常出

现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时，旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中

国新娘也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的人士甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族

服饰。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

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