冬奥会中的伦理学知识
一、什么是冬奥会？
The Olympic Games consist of the Games of the Olympiad and根桥
the Olympic Winter Games. Only tho sports which are practid on snow or ice are considered as winter sports.奥林匹克运动会（The Olympic Games ）由夏奥会（Olympiad）和冬奥会组成。只有那些在冰上、或雪上进行的运动才被认为是冬季运动。The Olympic Winter Games，直译过来就是：奥林匹克冬季运动会。但国内一般称为冬季奥林匹克运动会，简称冬奥会。
二、奥林匹克宪章中的奥林匹克主义的基本原则
奥林匹克宪章中的奥林匹克主义的基本原则（Fundamental Principles of Olympism）如下：
1. Olympism is a philosophy of life, exalting and combining in a balanced whole the qualities of body, will and mind. Blending sport with culture and education, Olympism e
ks to create a way of荷花怎么种
life bad on the joy of effort, the educational value of good example, soci乘多音字
al responsibility and respect for universal fundamental ethical principles.
奥林匹克主义是一种生活哲学，它使人的身体、意志和精神的素质得到全面的提高和统一。奥林匹克主义将体育与文化和教育相结合，力求创造一种生活方式，其基础是努力的乐趣、良好榜样的教育价值、社会责任和对普遍的基本伦理原则的尊重。
2. The goal of Olympism is to place sport at the rvice of the harmonious development of humankind, with a view to promoting a peaceful society concerned wit人生的名言
h the prervation of human dignity.
奥林匹克主义的目标是使体育为人类的和谐发展服务，以促进一个关心维护人类尊严的和平社会。
3. The Olympic Movement is the concerted, organid, universal and permanent action, carried out under the supreme authority of the IOC, of all individuals and entities who are inspired by the values of Olympism. It covers the five continents. It reaches its peak with t
he bringing together of the world’s athletes at the great sports festival, the Olympic Games. Its symbol is five interlaced rings.
奥林匹克运动是在国际奥委会的最高权力下，对一切受奥林匹克精神鼓舞的个人和团体采取的一致的、有组织的、普遍的和永久的行动。它覆盖五大洲。随着世界各地的运动员齐聚一堂，参加奥林匹克运动会，它达到了顶峰。它的标志是五个交错的圆环。
4. The practice of sport is a human right. Every individual must have the possibility of practising sport, without discrimination of any kind and in the 习俗作文
Olympic spirit, which requires mutual understanding with a spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play.
体育运动是一项人权。每个人都必须有进行体育运动的可能性，不受任何歧视，并本着奥林匹克精神，奥林匹克精神要求以友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神相互理解。
5. Recognising that sport occurs within the framework of society, sports organisations within the Olympic Movement shall apply political neutrality. They have the rights and obligations of autonomy, which include freely establishing and controlling the rules of spor
t, determining the structure and governance of their organisations, enjoying the right of elections free from any outside influence and the responsibility for ensuring that principles of good governance be applied.
奥林匹克运动的体育组织承认运动是在社会框架内进行的，因此应保持政治中立。他们有自主的权利和义务，包括自由地建立和控制体育规则，决定其组织的结构和治理，享有不受任何外来影响的选举权利，并有责任确保良2021全国高考
好治理的原则得到实施。
6. The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms t forth in this Olympic Charter shall be cured without discrimination of any kind, such as race, colour, x, xual orientation language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
享受奥林匹克宪章所规定的权利和自由，不得有任何歧视，如种族、肤色、性别辣白菜的做法
、性倾向、语言、宗教、政治或其他意见、国籍或社会出身、财产、出生或其他身份。
7. Belonging to the Olympic Movement requires compliance with the Olympic Charter and recognition by the IOC.
加入奥林匹克运动需要遵守奥林匹克宪章，并得到国际奥委会的承认。
三，《奥林匹克宪章》中的奥林匹克精神如下：
“The practice of sport is a human right. Every individual must have the possibility of practising sport, without discrimination of any kind and in the Olympic spirit, which requires mutual understanding with a spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play.“
体育运动是一项人权。每个人都必须有进行体育运动的可能性，不受任何歧视，并本着奥林匹克精神，奥林匹克精神要求以友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神相互理解。
四，冬奥会国际组织
1、International Biathlon Union (IBU); 国际冬季两项联盟
2、International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF); 国际雪车联合会
3、World Curling Federation (WCF); 世界冰壶联合会
4、International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF); 国际冰球联合会
