wk是什么意思2021北京城区高三英语一模阅读理解C篇汇总
2021海淀高三一模
C
The philosopher Martin Buber, is most known for his work on "I-Thou/You” relationships in which people: are open, direct, mutually interested in each other. In contrast, “I-It” relationships are tho in which we u the other, like an object, to solve our problems and fulfill our needs and purpos.
It is not our fault that many of our relationships are or become “It” relationships becau most of what we feel, think and do is motivated by unconscious memories of how to survive the environment into which we were born. Thus, one of the reasons we u other people to help us feel better about ourlves and cope in the world is that using people was once necessary and it worked. When we were small and helpless, “It” came and fed us, and held us, and t us on our way. We didn't have to reciprocate and care for “It”. Even when the care and attention of “It” was minimal or unpredictable, if we got out of childhood alive, somewhere along the way“It”was involved.
Freud called this stage of early life "primary narcissism"，which is our instinct (本能) for lf-prerv
ation and is a normal pay of our development. While most of us grow out of it, we still hold a survival fear. which motivates to escape danger and to stay alive, and we all need this fear in healthy measure.
The problem is that too many of us much or the time, are in a constant state threat-and we often don’t know it. We imagine people are talking about us behind our backs, that we have cancer, that we are inadequate, and vulnerable to more than our share of bad luck. As our brain have grown in size and complexity. so has our ability to scare ourlves.
This caus many problems, For example, our stress levels increa, our digestion is impaired and our thinking becomes restricted. Our threat respon stops any bodily function, feeling, thought and behavior that might “waste” energy and detract from fighting or escaping danger. Thus, when in threat, our emotional, cognitive and behavioral range is significantly reduced.
And in this reduced state, one of our solutions is to find someone who can save and comfort us. Instead of enabling us to be open, direct and mutual, fear and anxiety lead us towards
conversations and choices in our relations with others that are orientated towards surviving not thriving (茁壮成长). Threat-motivated relationships are characterized by need, dependency, control, ladyboys
demand, dishonesty, and lf- interest.
We cannot form the “I-Thou” relationships that Buber speaks of until we have learned to notice, comfort, and understand the emotions and patterns of our threat brain. When in threat, we tend to u other people as objects who can save and protect us, or who we can blame for our problems.
27. What does the underlined word “reciprocate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Return the favour.
B. Ask for some advice.
C. Convey an apology.
D. Make some comments.
28. What can we learn about “primary narcissism”?
A. It leads to our survival fear.
B. It is normal and usually temporary.
C. It impacts our growth negatively.
D. It lays the foundation for Freud's theory.
29. Which of the following could be an example of “I-It” relationships?
如何保养头发A. Comforting an upt friend.
B. Feeling sorry for your mistakes
C. Trying hard to be independent.
D. Asking others to take on your task.
30. What would be the best tile for this passage?
新福尔摩斯下载
A. How We Can Form the “I-Thou” Relationships
B. How We Can Get Out of the“I-1t” Relationships
C. Why We Teat Others as Objects Rather Than Individuals
D. What Helps Us Survive and Thrive in Early Stages of Life
2021朝阳高三一模C
The Land Under the Sea
Ten thousand years ago, as the last ice age ended, a levels around the world were far lower than they are today. Much of the land under both the North Sea to the east of Britain and the English Channel which now parates France and Britain was part of a huge region of forests and
grassy plains. Then the climate gradually became warmer and the water trapped in large mass of ice was relead.
Now the development of advanced sonar (声纳) technology, known as bathymetry, is making it possible to study this flooded landscape in extraordinary detail. A special echo (回声) sounder is fixed to the bottom of a survey ship and it makes wide sweeps across the abed. While previous technology has only been able to produce two-dimensional images, bathymetry can now u computers, satellite-positioning equipment and special software to create accurate and remarkably detailed maps. For the first time, an ancient riverbed jumps out of the three-dimensional image. The site of pre-historic ttlements can now be pinpointed.
According to expert Linda Andrews, this technological development is of huge significance. “We now have the ability to map the abed as accurately as we can map dry land,” she says.
Once bathymetric techniques have identified sites where people might have built their homes and villages, divers can be nt down to investigate further. Robot submarines (潜艇) can also be ud, and rearchers hope they will find stone tools and wood from hous as proof of human activity. The idea shared by many people in Britain of their country as a natural island kingdom will be challenged by the findings: Britain has been inhabited for about 500,000 years and much of this time it has been linked on and off to continental Europe. It remains to be en how far this new awareness is taken on board, however.
In fact, the u of bathymetry will not be limited to the study of lost landscapes and ancient ttlements. It will also be vital in finding ships that have been destroyed in accidents. In addition, commercial applications are a real possibility. Aggregates (骨材) for the construction industry are becoming increasingly expensive, and bathymetry can be ud to identify suitable sites for digging for this material. Mapping the abed will also identify places where rare plants and shellfish are living. Digging at such sites should be prevented, either to work for a profit or to make deeper waterways for massive container ships.
27. How does bathymetry work?
A. It has an echo sounder placed on the abed.
B. It makes u of a number of different
devices.
views
C. It produces two-dimensional images of the a floor.
D. It bas its calculations on the
location of construction sites.
28. What does the underlined word “pinpointed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Occupied.
cinema什么意思B. Adjusted.
C. Rebuilt.
D. Discovered.
29. The author believes a better understanding of the ttlements on the abed may ______.
A. attract investment in the rearch under the a
B. inspire people to take an interest in
modern technology
C. adapt the attitudes of the British to their country’s history
D. receive confirmation of rebuilding ancient man-made objects
拖鞋英文30. We can learn that the u of bathymetry will help to ______.
A. identify new species of plants and animals
B. provide the preci location of sunken
ships
C. evaluate the cost of eking certain resources
D. promote the development of deeper
waterways
2021丰台高三一模
C
Just becau a scientist puts a GPS tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal will willingly keep it on. They can remove it, if one becomes annoying. But scientists have now found a way of using signals from tho dropped collars to track the ice itlf.
The scientists identified 20 collars that transmitted movement data consistent with ice2014年12月英语六级
drift( 漂流) rather than polar bear motion between 2005 and 2015. The resulting records of how melting ice drifts in Hudson Bay are unique; there are no easily accessible on-the-ground nsors, and satellite obrvations often cannot accurately capture the motion of small ice sheets.
The team compared the removed collars' movements to widely ud ice- drift modeling data from the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center(NSIDC). Collar data indicated that the NSIDC model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around in Hudson Bay- as well as the overall extent of drift. Over the cour of veral months the model could diverge(偏离) from an ice
sheet's location by a few hundred kilometers, the scientists say.
This means the bears may be working harder, when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had assumed, “Since we' re underestimating the speed of drift, were likely underestimating the energetic effort of polar bears," says Ron Togunov, who led the study.
The study reveals timely insight into how highly mobile ice moves. As melting increas in coming years, such ice will likely become more common farther north, in the central Arctic, says Andy Mahoney, a geophysicist at the University of Alaska, who was not involved in the study. Scientists had known NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds, Mahoney says, but “any time we can find a data gap and plug it is a good thing.”我的最爱英文
Plus, such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may spread in as littered with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a nior NSIDC rearch scientist. The findings may even i
nfluence future NSIDC models, “It’s a really nice data t," Meier says. “And certainly one we'll take under consideration.”
28. What can a GPS tracking collar do?
A. Measure the depth of ice sheet.
B. Capture the movement of ice.
C. Describe the melting speed of ice.
D. Record the emotional state of bears.
29. What can we learn about the collar data?
A. It shows the ice moves more slowly from its original location.
B. It may reveal polar bears are not so energetic as before.
C. It indicates the ice is more likely to move south in the central Arctic.
D. It can help predict the location of some pollutants in as.
30. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Data Tells a Different Story
B. Wild Polar Bears' Signaling
线上翻译
C. Insights into a Puzzling Aspect
D. Ice Is Taken under Consideration
2021石景山一模
C
