考点03 形容词和副词
一、平级比较
1. "as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as"表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。
2. "as+形容词/副词的原级+as"与"not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as"表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。
【特别提醒】
passageas+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词。如:
copy是什么意思
☞The building is as tall as 100 meters. = The building is 100 meters tall. 这栋楼有100米。
二、比较级
1. 比较级的修饰语有: rather, much,still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot,a bit, a little, a great deal等。
☞He is much taller than Yao Ming. 他比姚明高多了。
☞The book is better by far than that one.这本书比那本书要好得多。
2. 比较级的常见结构:
(1)“比较级+than”结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。
☞You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。
☞She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。
(2)由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级
①more “比……多”,后接复数名词或不可数名词
☞I have more news books than my cousin.
☞He has more milk than I .
②less “比……少”,后接不可数名词
lone ☞He has less water than me.
③fewer“比……少”,后接复数名词
☞They have fewer flowers than we .
3. 比较级的特殊结构
(1)The more…,the more…表示“越……,就越……”(more代表比较级)
☞The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越细心,你犯的错误就越少。
☞The happier you are, the more friends you will make.
division 你越快乐,你将会交越多的朋友。
2.“比较级+比较级”和“more and more+多音节词原级”表示“越来越……”
杰森 玛耶兹 ☞Our school is cleaner and cleaner.
我们的校园越来越干净。
☞Our city becames more and more beautiful.
我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。
3."the+比较级+of the two +名词"表示"两者中较……的那个"。
☞radarsatThe taller of the two boys is my brother.
两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
4. “no +比较级+than”结构表示“和……一样不……”
“not +比较级+than”结构意为“不及”,表示前者不如后者
☞You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。
☞早上好英语My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。
ya
三、最高级
1. 最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。
☞The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
☞I’d like to buy the cond most expensive camera.
托福多少分可以出国 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
2. 最高级意义的表达法
①the +最高级+比较范围
☞This apple is the biggest of the five.
②never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数
☞I have never read a better book than this.
③ 比较级+than+any other+单数名词
比较级+than+all the other+复数名词
比较级+than+anyone el
asts
比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词
比较级+than+the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词
eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)
①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.
②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.
③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.
④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.
⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.
④否定词+比较级=最高级。
☞There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
☞—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
你对他在会议上说的满意吗?
—No. It couldn’t have been wor.
不,不能再差了。
【巧学妙记】
形容词和副词比较等级用法口诀 1. 比较级与最高级:两者比较than相连,三者比较the在前。 2. 同级比较:同级比较用原形,as... as永不离; as... as加not,只言两者是同一, 若是 as,后强前弱不看齐。 【妙语诠释】 ①比较级通常和than连用,而最高级前通常有定冠词the; ②同级比较一般用as... as表示"与……一样",这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来,而 as则表示后者比前者强,翻译为"不如……"。 |
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表示倍数的句型:
(1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B
(2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B
(3)A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B
(4)A is+倍数+that+of+B
(5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句