句子成分划分练习

更新时间:2023-03-05 05:46:57 阅读: 评论:0

圆的标准方程教案-跳远的技巧

句子成分划分练习
2023年3月5日发(作者:吸尘器的工作原理)

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英语划分句子成分练习题及答案

(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成

分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、

宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there

be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、

助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名

词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:

Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmore

popular.(名词)

WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代词)

One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.(数词)

Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)

Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(动名词)

Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名词化的形容词)

WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主语

从句)

Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主语,真正的主

语为后面的不定式)

(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在

句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:

..

1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:Hepracticesrunning

everymorning.

2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:

aughtabadcold.(2)

由系动词加表语构成。如:Wearestudents.

(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系

动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,em等)之后。表语一般

由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、

副词及表语从句表示。例如:

OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名词)

Isityours?(代词)

Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容词)

Thespeechixciting.(分词)

Threetimesvenistwentyone?(数词)

HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)

Hishobby(爱好)isplayingfootball.(动名词)

Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介词短语)

ssisover.(副词)

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表语从句)

(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介

词后面。例如:

Theywenttoeanexhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)

..

Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代词)

Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(数词)

Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouworkyesterday.(名词化形容词)

Hepretendednottoeme.(不定式短语)

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(动名词短语)

Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(宾语从句)

宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lendmeyour

dictionary,plea.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:Theyelectedhim

theirmonitor.

(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,

还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一

般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。宾补可由名词、

形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如:

HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名词)

Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容词)

Letthefreshairin.(副词)

Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短语)

Wesawherenteringtheroom.(现在分词)

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介词短语)

Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(从句)

(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由

以下等成分表示:

..

Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容词)

Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分词)

Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名词)

HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprid.(代词)

Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短语)

Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(动名词)

HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介词短语)

(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态

特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:

Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副词及副词性词组)

Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介词短语)

Heisproudtohavepasdthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.

(不定式短语)

Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分词短语)

Waitaminute.(名词)

Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句)

状语种类如下:

Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(时间状语)

Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauoftherain.(原因状

语)

Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(条件状语)

MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地点状语)

..

Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式状语)

Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴随状语)

Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的状语)

Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(结果状语)

Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(让步状语)

Iamtallerthanheis.(比较状语)

练习一

一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

dentsgotontheschoolbus.

edmethenewspaper.

answeryourquestionafterclass.

eautifulChinepainting!

nthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

istotrainswimmers.

manyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.

sgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.

leaveforShanghaitomorrow.

histobecomeascientist.

gedtofinishtheworkintime.

etoaskmeforadvice.

ditimportanttomasterEnglish.

..

aveanythingeltosay?

nest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.

oupleatellmeyouraddress?

here,readinganewspaper.

rdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

cedamanentertheroom.

lestastedsweet.

二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语(—)、谓语(=)、宾语(~):

Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,owitisthesummer

vacationandI'isthehottest

etimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIwork

meswegoonworkingafterdarkbythe

riceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthe

alotofmachineson

ghthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworking

hertakescare

n'

result,veningwepump

runsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthe

garden.

..

三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语(—)、状语(=)、补语(~):

MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,

meatonanopenfireoutside.

It'sgreat!Americanatalotofmeat—

't,becauIhavetodrivehomeafterthe

letteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasofthe

ateweare

ydifferenttimeareasdo

youhaveinChina?Well,givemy

bestregardstoyourparents.

四、选择填空:

()1.____willleaveforBeijing.

herenow

isherenow

()ther____.

wetandcold

()letasted____.

()p____yesterdaymorning.

..

()or______attheageof70.

()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakea

rest.

,,,,we

()dthestreetmuch______.

dly

()_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.

()____mad.

ked

()everforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.

练习一:

一、1、主语,定语;2、间接宾语;3、谓语,状语;4、定语;5、

状语,状语;6、定语,表语;7、宾语,状语;8、谓语,主语;9、

谓语;10、主语,表语;11、谓语,宾语;12、状语;13、形式宾语,

真正宾语;14、宾语、定语;15、插入语,状语;16、宾语(间宾+直

宾);17、状语,状语;18、形式主语,表语,宾补;19、宾补;20、

表语

二、略

三、略

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四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB

练习二:

一、1、简单句;2、复合句;3、简单句;4、简单句;5、并列句;6、

复合句;7、并列句;8、复合句;9、简单句;10、简单句

二、

Ihopeyouareverywell(复合句).I'mfine,buttired(简单句).Right

nowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm(并列

句).Augustisthehottestmonthhere(简单句).Itisthetimeofyearfor

thericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.(并列句)

Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors(简单

句).WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitis

coldertheygrowwheat(并列复合句).Wehavealotofmachinesonthe

farm(简单句).Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomen

workingforhim(复合句).Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest(简

单句).Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden(简单句).Itdoesn't

oftenraininthesummerhere(简单句).Asaresult,wehavetowaterthe

vegetablegarden(简单句).Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell

(简单句).Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden

(简单句).

MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime(简单句).

Thepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy(简单句).Wecookmeatonan

openfireoutside(简单句).It'sgreat(简单句)!Americanatalotof

..

meat—toomuchinmyopinion(简单句).Someofmyfriendsdrink

beer(简单句).Idon't,becauIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty(复

合句).Inyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasofthe

States(简单句).TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates(简单

句).InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime(简单句).

HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina(简单句)?Well,I

muststopandgetsomesleep(简单句).Pleagivemybestregardsto

yourparents(简单句).

三、1~5ACADD6~10BCBDC11~15ADBCC16~20ABADB

21~25DDDCD26~30ADDBD

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