雅思试卷

ACADEMICREADINGPRACTICETEST1

READINGPASSAGE1Questions1-13

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1–13whicharebadon

ReadingPassage1below.

THEBIGCATSATTHESHARJAHBREEDINGCENTRE

Itisoneofthefewplaceswhereyouwillbeabletospotthemallatthesametime…the

Arabianwolf,anAfricancheetah,anArabianleopard,anoryx,rejustsomeof

theanimals,which,onthebrinkofextinction,arenowgettinganewleaoflifethankstothe

exemplaryworkbeingdoneattheBreedingCentreforEndangeredArabianWildlifeinSharjah.

eding

Centre’xpertiandfacilitieshavemadeitaprimedestinationforillegallyimportedanimals

astfouryears,morethan900mammalsand

reptilesand969birdshavearrivedatthecentre,including25NorthAfricancheetahs,Houbara

bustardandfalcons,lions,ababyNilecrocodileandaBurmepythonthatwasleftinarentalcar

attheairport.

The25cheetahswereallimportedillegallyintotheUAEandwereinterceptedattheUAE

arlyallarrivedmalno小叶龙船花 urished,dehydratedandhighly

stresdafterlongvoyagesstuffedintoboxes,yarebrightandfull

tre’ffortshavealsobeenrewardedwhenthefirstcheetahmatingtookplace

gmatchmakerwiththebeautifulcreaturesisnoeasytask–successful

breedingrequiresconsiderablepatienceandintimateknowledgeofeachanimal’spersonality,and

itistheresultofintensiveandexpertmanagementofeachanimalwithinthegroupaswellasofthe

groupasawhole.

Becauthisgroupwasstillyoungandinexperiencedincourtshipmatters,thekeepershad

tomaketheintroductionsonlyaftercarefulplanningandmanagement,muchliketheleadrolein

alecheetahswereinitiallyintimidatedbytheprenceofthemale;

however,astheyadvancetooestrus,therolesarereverdandthemalecheetahbecomestoo

warytoapproachduringthefemale’eresponsibilityof

thekeeperthereforetomonitoreachindividualandtobeabletorespondtoanyindicationfrom

bondthatinvariablydevelops

betweenthekeeperandthecheetahnablesthekeepertospoteventhemostsubtlesignsfrom

stbetweenkeeperandanimalhasalsoallowedtheopportunityto

studycellularchangesinthexualorgansofthefemalesduringthehormonalcyclesthatoccur

priortoreproduction.

TheBreedingCentre’scheetahsarealsoparticipantsintheEuropeanbreedingprogramme,

whichaimstoensurethatthegeneticdiversityofthindangeredspeciesismaintainedand

expandedbybreedingasmanyfounderanimalsaspossibletointroducenewbloodlinesintothe

way,thegroupheldatthecentreplaysaveryimportantroleinthefuture

healthoftheinternationalcaptivepopulation,astheyarepotentiallyallnewfounders.

AlsoveryimportantfortheSharjahBreedingCentreistheleopard-breedingprogramme.

AcademicTest1;Page8

TheArabianleopard,Pantherapardusnimr,iscriticallyendangeredaroundtheworldand

particularlyintheArabianpeninsula,whereitwasoncefoundthroughoutthecoastalmountain

tieslikehunting,trappingandhabitatdestructionhasreducedtheirrangetoafew

isolatedandfragmentedpopulationsinOman,YemenandSaudiArabia.

Inthe1980s,acaptivebreedingprogrammewastablishednearMuscatwiththecapture

edingprogrammeintheUAEwasinitiatedby

theArabianLeopardTrustandstartedwiththearrivaloftwomaturespecimens:amaleArabian

ivalofthetwo

animalsledtotheconstructionoftheBreedingCentreinwhichtheleopardhasplayedtheroleof

flagshipspecies.

TodaytherearetwelveleopardsattheBreedingcentre,eightofwhichhavebeenbornat

re,thecrettothecentre’ssuccessistheclo

pardisusuallyshyandcretivewithpeople

around,butheretheyreactpositivelytotheprenceoftheirkeepers,approachingthefenceso

theycanbetalkedtoorscratchedbehindanear.

Thebondisparticularlyimportantduringbreedingason,whenkeepersdecideto

opardsareknowntohavekilledtheirpartnersonintroduction,

soitisntialforthekeepertounderstandtheleopards’behaviourtodecidewhenitissafeto

stisalsoimportantifkeepersneedtoenterdenstocheckonandmonitorthecub’s

dfemaleshavebeenknowntokilltheircubsifthedenshavebeendisturbed,but

thecentre’sleopardsarequitecomfortablewiththestaffhandlingthenewgenerationofcubs.

Questions1-8

Utheinformationinthetexttomatchthestatements(1–8)withtheanimals

(A–D).Writetheappropriateletter(A–D)inboxes1–8onyouranswersheet.

Write:

AifthestatementreferstocheetahsattheBreedingCentre.

BifthestatementreferstoleopardsattheBreedingCentre.

CifthestatementreferstobothcheetahsandleopardsattheBreedingCentre.

DIfthestatementreferstoneithercheetahsnorleopardsattheBreedingCentre.

ExampleAnswer

TheanimalsareendangeredC

1TheanimalsweresmuggledintotheUAE.

2AtfirsttheanimalsdidnotadapttolifeattheSharjahBreedingCentre

3TheanimalsareregardedasthemostimportantanimalattheCentre.

4HalfoftheanimalswerebornattheBreedingcentre.

AcademicTest1;Page9

Source:TheGulfNews,UAE

5Theanimalscanbedangeroustooneanother.

6Theroleofthekeeperisvitalinthebreedingprogrammeoftheanimals.

7ThefirstoftheanimalsattheBreedingCentrewererelativelyyoung.

8Itisnormallydifficultforhumanstoapproachtheanimals.

Questions9–13

Completethesummarybelow.

Chooyouranswersfromtheboxbelowthesummaryandwritetheminboxes

9–12onyouranswersheet.

NBTherearemorewordsthanspaces,soyouwillnotuthematall.

ExampleAnswer

TheSharjahBreedingCentrenowhasa__________ofvariety

animalsincludingbirds,…

SUMMARY

TheSharjahBreedingCentrenowhasavarietyofanimalsincludingbirds,mammalsand

(9)__________.Asitsnamesuggests,theCentreisprimarilyinvolvedinbreedingand

(10)__________thenumbersofthespecieshoudtherewhilststillmaintainingthe(11)

_________eofproblemsinvolving

thecomplex(12)__________oftheanimals,afairamountof(13)__________hasbeen

achievedwithNorthAfricancheetahsandArabianleopards.

reptilesvarietybehavioursuccesscreating

expandingdifficultydiversityactionhabitat

asonfishchangeworkingprogramme

AcademicTest1;Page10

READINGPASSAGE2Questions14-27

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions14–27whicharebadon

ReadingPassage2onthefollowingpages.

INSOMNIA–THEENEMYOFSLEEP

A

,ifyoufeelyoudonotgetenough

sleeporsatisfyingsleep,youmayhaveinsomnia,withinsomniahave

oneormoreofthefollowing:difficultyfallingasleep,wakingupoftenduringthenightandhaving

troublegoingbacktosleep,ia

untofsleepapersonneeds

ostpeopleneedbetween7and8hoursofsleepanight,somepeopledowellwith

less,andsomeneedmore.

B

Insomniaoccursmostfrequentlyinpeopleoverage60,inpeoplewithahistoryofdepression,and

inwomen,emotionaltraumacanalso关于春的优美语段 cauinsomniawith

divorced,widowedandparatedpeoplebeingthemostlikelytosufferfromthissleepdisorder.

Stress,anxiety,illnessandothersleepdisorderssuchasrestlesslegssyndromearethemost

gularworkschedule,jetlagorbraindamagefromastrokeor

Alzeimer’sdia

canalsoaccompanyavarietyofmentalillness.

C

becomesdark,thepinealglandinthe

braincretesahormonecalledmelatonin,ywhysleep

owthatsleep

consistsoftwoverydifferentstates:rapideyemovement(REM)

REMsleep,dreamsoccur,theeyesmoveundertheclodlidsandthereisanincreainoxygen

consum年俗有哪些 ption,epoccursfourorfivetimesduringanight.

Beginning唯独 periodslastabouttentofifteenminutesbuttheperiodsgetlongerasthenightgoeson.

TheperiodsofREMsleepalternatewithlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep,whenbodyfunctions

thedeepeststages(3and4)itishardtorou

ightgoeson,theperiodsofnon-REMsleepbecomeprogressivelylighter.

Sleepinstages1and2arefelttoberestorativeasduringthistimethebodyrepairsitlfutilising

stage4sleepisbelievedtobeimportantinchronically

painfulconditionssuchasfibromyalgia.

D

istocategorizeinsomnia

AcademicTest1;Page11

rwayistoidentifytheinsomniabywhatiscausingthesleep

maintypesofinsomniahavebeendescribedasPrimaryInsomniaand

yInsomniaisachronicconditionwithlittleapparentassociationwith

tcommonformofprimaryinsomniaispsychophysiological

aryinsomniaiscaudbysymptomsthataccompa福州林阳寺 nyamedicalconditionsuch

asanxiety,depressionorpain.

E

Improvingone’ngduringthehour

beforeyougotosleepandcreatingacomfortableenvironmentsuitedforsleepcanbehelpful.

Olderpeoplewhowakeupearlierthannormalorhavetroublefallingasleepmayneedlesssleep

ngone’ssleeppattern,eitherbygoingtobedlaterorwakingupearlier,

yalsodependsonthecau

entandintermittentinsomniamaynotrequireanydirect

r,ifinsomniainterfereswith

aperson’sdailyactivities,ythebestmethodofdealingwith

mple,peoplewhoaredepresdoftenhave

insomniaandlookingatthispr人生之路 oblemmayeliminateit.

F

Notgettingenoughsleepcanmakeyoulessproductive,irritableandunabletoconcentrate.

Lackofsleepcanmakeitemasifyou“gotupoutofthewrongsideofthebed.”Earlymorning

headaches

iacanmakedrivingunsafeas

iacanresultinmisdwork,whichcancauyoutobecomelessproductiveand

eaveyoufeelingasifyoujustcan’iacanalso

withinsomniamaythinkthatnotgettingenoughsleepis

theironlyproblem,buttheinsomniamayactuallybeonesymptomofalargerdisorder,suchas

sshowthatpeoplewithinsomniaarefourtimesmorelikelytobedepresd

tion,lackofsleepcantaxtheheartandleadto

heareimportantproblemsthatcanaffecteverypart

ofyourlife.

G

esoftheroutines

include:goingtobedandgettingupatthesametimeeveryday,avoidingnapping,avoiding

caffeine,nicotine,alcoholandeatingheavilylateintheday,exercisingregularlyandmakingyour

bedroomcomfortableintermsofthebed,iacsshouldalsoonly

usy,ifyoucan’t

gettosleep,don’ndreadordosomethingthatisnotoverly

stimulatinguntilyoufeelreallysleepyagain.

AcademicTest1;Page12

Source:+McKinleyHealthCentre,Illinois

Questions14-19

ThereadingpassageonInsomniahas7paragraphs(A–G).

Fromthelistofheadingsbelowchoothemostsuitableheadingsforparagraphs

B–G.

Writetheappropriatenumber(i–xi)inboxes14–19onyouranswersheet.

NBTherearemoreheadingsthanparagraphs,soyouwillnotuthemall.

ExampleAnswer

ParagraphAiv

iTheRoleofSleep

iiInsomniaMedication

iiiHabitstoPromoteaGoodNight’sSleep

ivWhatisInsomnia

vComplicationsforInsomniacs

viGovernmentAction

viiAvailableTreatmentforInsomnia

viiiTheC历史大揭秘 ausofInsomnia

ix许嵩资料 TherapySolutions

xTypesofInsomnia

xiCurrentRearch

14ParagraphB

15ParagraphC

16ParagraphD

AcademicTest1;Page13

17ParagraphE

18ParagraphF

19ParagraphG

Questions20-27

Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeviewsofthewriterofthereading

passageonInsomnia?

InBoxes20-27write:

YESifthestatementagreeswiththewriter

NOifthestatementdoesn’tagreewiththewriter

NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

20Someonewhoonlygetsfourhoursofsleepanightmustbesufferingfrominsomnia.

21Travellingcancauinsomnia.

22REMsleepisfelttobethemostimportantforthebody’srest.

23Secondaryinsomniaisfarmorecommonthanprimaryinsomnia.

24Sufferersofinsomniacanattendspecialistsleepclinics.

25Manypeoplesufferingfrominsomniadon’trealithattheysufferfromit.

26Thereisnoactualcorrelationlinkinginsomniaanddepression.

27Sleepingduringthedaycanmakeinsomniawor.

AcademicTest1;Page14

READINGPASSAGE2Questions28-40

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions28–40whicharebadon

ReadingPassage3below.

ALTERNATIVEFARMINGMETHODSINOREGON

OniongrowersineasternOregonareadoptingasystemthatsaveswaterandkeepstopsoil

inplace,whileproducingthehighestquality“supercolossal”owersinsouthern

Oregonhavereducedtheiruofsomeofthemosttoxicpesticidesbyuptotwo-thirds,and

anagersthroughoutthestatehavecontrolledthe

poisonousweedtansyragwortwithinctpredatorsandsavedtheOregonlivestockindustryupto

$4.8millionayear.

ThearesomeoftheresultsOregongrowershaveachievedincollaborationwithOregon

StateUniversity(OSU)rearchersastheytestnewfarmingmethodsincludingintegratedpest

management(IPM).Nationwide,however,IPMhasnotdeliveredresultscomparabletotho

alAccountingOffice(GAO)reportindicatesthatwhileintegrated

pestmanagementcanresultindramaticallyreducedpesticideu,thefederalgovernmenthas

salsoblamethe

governmentfornotmakingthenewoptionsofpestmanagementattractive.“Wholesalechangesin

thewaythatfarmerscontrolthepestsontheirfarmsisanexpensivebusiness.”TonyBrown,ofthe

NationalFarmersAssociationsays.“Ifthefarmersaregiventaxbreakstooffttheexpenditure,

thentheywouldwillinglyacceptthenewpractices.”Thereportgoesontonotethateventhough

theuoftheriskiestpesticideshasdeclinednationwide,theystillmakeupmorethan40

percentofallpesticidesudtoday;andnationalpesticideuhasrinby40millionkilograms

since1992.“OurfoodsupplyremainsthesafestandhighestqualityonEarthbutwecontinueto

overdoourfarmlandwithpowerfulandtoxicpesticidesandtounder-uthesafeandeffective

alternatives,”chargedPatrickLeahy,ctiongroupsdisagree

aboutthesafetyissue.“Thereisnowaythathabitualconsumptionoffoodstuffsgrownusingtoxic

chemicalsofthenaturefoundontoday’sfarmscanbehealthyforconsumers,”notedBillBowler,

spokesmanforGreenAction,oneofmanylobbyistsinterestedinthisissue.

TheGAOreportsinglesoutOregon’sappleandpearproducerswhohaveudthenewIPM

ghOregonisclearlyaheadofthenation,scientists

atOSUaretakingtheGovernmentAccountingOfficecriticismsriously.“Wemustcontinue

todevelopeffectivealternativepracticesthatwillreduceenvironmentalhazardsandproduce

highqualityproducts,”saidPaulJepson,aprofessorofentomologyatOSUandnewdirectorof

OSU’sIntegratedPlantProtectionCentre(IPPC).TheIPPCbringstogetherscientistsfromOSU’s

AgriculturalExperimentStation,OSUExtensionrvice,mentofAgricultureand

Oregonfarmerstohelpdevelopagriculturalsystemsthatwillsavewaterandsoil,andreduce

ontotheGAOreport,theCentreisputtingevenmoreemphasisonintegrating

rearchandfarmingpracticestoimproveOregonagricultureenvironmentallyandeconomically.

“TheGAOreportcriticizesagencies绿海棠 fornotclearlycommunicatingthegoalsofIPM,”saidJepson.

AcademicTest1;Page15

“Ourchallengeistogreatlyimprovethecommunicationtoandfromgrowers,tolearnwhatworks

andwhatdoesn’kcomingfromOSUrearchersmustbeadoptedinthefieldandnot

simplylanguishinscientificjournals.”

InOregon,mple,a

fewyearsagoscientistsatOSU’sMalheurExperimentStationbegantestinganewdripirrigation

systemtoreplac

newsystemcutwaterandfertilizerubyhalf,kepttopsoilinplaceandprotectedwaterquality.

Inaddition,thenewsystemproducedcropsofverylargeonions,rated“supercolossal”and

ms,oneoftherearchers

atMalheurcomments:“Growersarefindingthatwhentheyadoptmoreenvironmentallybenign

practices,practicesbenefittheenvironmentandgivethe

growerstheirsuccess.”

OSUrearchersinMalheurnexttestedstrawmulchandfoundthatitsuccessfullyheldsoilin

tion,andunexpectedly,thescientists

foundthatthemulchedsoilcreatedahomeforbeneficialbeetlesandspidersthatpreyononion

thrips–anotoriouspestincommercialonionfields–adiscoverythatcouldreducetheneedfor

pesticides.“Iwouldneverhavebelievedthatwecouldreplacetheartificialpestcontrolsthatwe

hadbeforeandstillkeepourgoodresults,”commentedSteveBlack,acommercialonionfarmerin

Oregon,“butinsteadwehaveactuallysurpasdexpectations.”

OSUrearchersthroughoutthestatehavebeenworkingtoreducedependenceonbroad-

spectrumchemicalspraysthataretoxictomanykindoforganisms,includinghumans.“Consumers

arerightlyputtingmoreandmorepressureontheindustrytochangeitsrelianceonche世界杯16强 mical

pesticides,buttheystillwantapicture-perfectproduct,”saidRickHilton,entomologistatOSU’s

SouthernOregonRearchandExtensionCentre,whererearchershelppeargrowersreduce

eperfectpearsareanimportantproductinOregon

ntyears,theindustryhasfacedstiff

competitionfromoverasproducers,soanynewmethodsthatgrowersadoptmustmaken

istestingagrowthregulatorthatinterfereswiththe

rstudyudpheromonedispenrstodisruptcodlingmoth

ndothermethodsofintegratedpestmanagementhaveallowedpeargrowersto

reducetheiruoforganophosphatesbytwo-thirdsandreduceallothersyntheticpesticidesby

ndotherstudiesaroundthestatearepart

oftheeffortoftheIPPCtofindalternativefarmingpracticesthatbenefitboththeeconomyandthe

environment.

AcademicTest1;Page16

Source:PegHerring/OregonStateUniversity

Questions28–35

Matchtheviews(28–35)withthepeoplelistedbelow.

28Thereisadoubleadvantagetothenewtechniques.

29Expectationsofendursofagriculturalproductsaffecttheproducts.

30Theworkondevelopingthealternativetechniquesisnotfinished.

31Eatingfoodthathashadchemicalsudinitsproductionisdangeroustoourhealth.

32Changingcurrentfarmingmethodsisnotacheapprocess.

33Resultshaveexceededanticipations.

34Therearchdoneshouldbetranslatedintopracticalprojects.

esthebestfoodintheworld.

TBTonyBrown

PLPatrickLeahy

BBBillBowler

PJPaulJepson

APArtPimms

SBSteveBlack

RHRickHilton

AcademicTest1;Page17

Questions36-40

ReadthepassageaboutalternativefarmingmethodsinOregonagainandlookat

thestatementsbelow.

Inboxes36-40onyouranswersheetwrite:

TRUEifthestatementistrue

FALSEifthestatementisfal

NOTGIVENiftheinformationisnotgiveninthe

advertiment

36IntegratedPestManagementhasgenerallybeenregardedasasuccessintheUS.

37Oregonfarmersofapplesandpearshavebeenpromotedassuccessfulexamplesof

IntegratedPestManagement.

38TheIPPCusscientistsfromdifferentorganisations.

39Strawmulchexperimentsproducedunplannedbenefits.

40Theappleindustryisnowfacingalotofcompetitionfromabroad.

AcademicTest1;Page18