普通高中教科书

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普通高中课程标准实验教科书—英语（人教版）

第八讲阅读理解

【命题趋向】

2009年高考阅读试题的命题方式和去年应基本保持一致。命题特点如下：

1．体裁与题材高考阅读题会涉及各种体裁，材料新颖，题材广泛。

各省市高考阅读理解题的体裁一般有应用文、记叙文、说明文和议论文，侧重说明文和

应用文。题材更趋现代化、生活化，时代性，涉及生活、传说、人物、社会、文化、史

地、科技、政治、环保和经济等各个领域。

2．阅读速度预计高考对阅读速度的要求将有所提高，估计在每分钟65个词以上。近几年

高考英语阅读量（阅读速度要求每分钟60单词）都在2100个词以上，并逐年增加。提

高阅读速度是高考命题的一大趋势。

3．生词量和语篇构成高考在生词量和语篇构成难度上不会有很大的变化，但估计生词量和

理解难度会适当增加。近几年高考阅读难度逐步加大的一个明显标志就是短文语篇构成

有相当大难度的长难句时常出现。作者在阐述问题时都使用了多种语篇手段和修辞方

法，其篇章和句子结构几乎囊括了英语语法中的所有语法现象，行文的跳跃程度较大，

陈述次序富于变化，隐含信息较多。

4．题型结构和命题角度设问方式仍然集中在：主旨大意题，分析推理题，细节理解题，词

义猜测题等。题目的设置主要针对文章的细节，也注重对考生推理判断能力的考查。

5．主客观题目比例主观题增加，客观题减少。

【考点透视】

高考阅读理解题是对考生阅读能力的考查，它是全卷篇幅最大、内容最多、分值最高、

区分度最明显的一种题型。

1．题材特点：近几年高考阅读理解的题材趋于多样化，涉及到日常生活、历史、人物、社

会、文化、科技、政治、环保和经济等话题。阅读理解的材料贴近时代，贴近生活，选

自各类报刊、活页宣传材料等。

2．题型特点：综观近几年高考阅读理解题，题型设计上要求试题类型比较广。

首先，考生要养成良好的阅读习惯，学会快速阅读，在对文章的大意有了初步的了解之

后，再从人物、事件、时间、年代、地点、数量、种类等方面搜索文章的关键信息。对

于不太重要的句子可以一带而过，不必在个别词上花太多的时间。

其次，考生还要培养良好的应试心理。抓住文章的脉络，把握文章的线索，以句意为整

体，灵活运用所学知识，根据短文语境，认真推敲，克服厌倦、畏惧和急躁心理。

【例题解析】

例1Oncethe2008OlympicGamesfinishes,thedrumsandtrumpets(喇叭)ofthecompetitions

ldthecityremainaslivelyasitwouldbeafterthisworldevent?

Investmentsustainabilityandhighdemandaretwohighlyinvaluableeconomicconcepts(概念)that

canbelookedatinordertoensurepost-Olympicsflourish,orperhaps,anevenbetterfuturefor

Beijingers.

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Naturally,aneconomicdownturnoccursinanOlympichostcityoncethemajoreventfinishes.

RenminUniversityProfessorJinYuanpunotedthataglobaleventlikethiswouldputBeijinginto

erthivent,whowoulduthe

heavily-fundedequipmentandpublicandprivateinvestmentsleftinthecity?Variouconomists

arguedthatameltdown(彻底垮台)anAnderson,UBSAsiaeconomist,

suggestedthatthenegativeeffectsoftheendofBeijingOlympics2008ontheentirecountryaren’t

ssuchahugeeconomythattheconclusionof

theOlympicsgamesisthesameasanant-biteonadragon.

Butwhataboutpost-OlympicsBeijing?RetiredHeadmasterofPekingUniversity,LiYining,

notedthatalong-termcivildemandgrowthandanpopulardesirebycompaniestoadoptcareful

oughdemandin

somedepartmentsoftheeconomywoulddropintheshort-run,creativity,practicalityand

innovation(创新)wouldbethekeyfactorsthatwouldcontinuallyenhancethecity'simageand

flourishlongaftertheOlympicsinthecityhandeD．

Sowhat'snextforBeijingaftertheOlympics?Well,

1．Whichoneofthefollowingsistheauthor’sidea?

A．Beijing’conomywillhaveadownturnafterthe2008OlympicGames.

B．The2008OlympicGameshavenoeffectsonBeijing’conomy.

C．Beijing’conomywillgoonasusual.

D．Beijing’conomywillgoworafterthe2008OlympicGames.

2．What’stheJinYuanpuideaaboutBeijing’conomyafterthe2008OlympicGamesaccording

tothepassage?

A．tohaveadownturn

B．todevelopasusual

C．todevelopmorerapidly

D．alloftheabove

3．WhydidJonathanAndersonbelievethatthenegativeeffectsoftheendofBeijingOlympics

2008ontheentirecountryaren’timportant?

A．Thenegativeeffectsaresmall.

B．TheChinegovernmenthasmanymeasurestotake.

C．TheChineeconomyhasdevelopedatacertainlevelsothatthenegativeeffectscan’t

affectittoomuch.

D．JonathanAndersonlikedChinaverymuchsohedidn’twantChinatogowor.

4．Chooabesttitleforthispassage.

A．BeijingAftertheOlympics

B．ThenegativeeffectsoftheendofBeijingOlympics

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C．CanBeijinggetthroughthedifficultperiodafterthe2008OlympicGames

D．Beijing’conomyafterthe2008OlympicGames

【参考答案】

1.答案：C。解析：文章最后点明了作者同意的观点，北京的经济会照样发展，不会受到很

大的冲击。

考点：作者意图和态度

2.答案：A。解析：文章第二段前半部分提到他担心大的对奥运会的投入，在会后没有其他

的用途，会造成很大的损失，可以推测出他的观点。

考点：推理判断

3.答案：C。解析：文章第二段最后说到他认为中国是一个经济大国，奥运会的负面影响就像

蚂蚁咬到龙身上，不会有什么感觉。

考点：细节理解

4.答案：D。解析：文章主要讲了专家对奥运会后北京及全国经济发展的看法。

考点：主旨要义

例2Besidentertainmentandbeautifullanterns,anotherimportantpartoftheLantern

Festival,orYua

sly,id

thatthecustomofeatingYuanxiaooriginatedduringtheEasternJinDynastyinthefourthcentury,

thenbecamepopularduringtheTangandSongperiods.

illingsare

madeofsugar,Walnuts,same（芝麻）,osmanthusflowers(桂花),ropetals,sweetened

tangerine（橘子）peel,beanpaste,orjujubepaste（枣子酱）.Asingleingredientoranycombination

tyvarietyisfilledwithmincedmeat（肉末儿）,vegetablesora

mixture.

al

methodfollowedinsouthernprovincesistoshapethedoughofriceflourintoballs,makeahole,

inrtthefilling,thenclotheholeandsmoothoutthedumplingbyrollingitbetweenyourhands.

InNorthChina,lingsarepresdinto

hardenedcores,dippedlightlyinwaterandrolledinaflatbasketcontainingdryglutinousrice

oftheflourstickstothefilling,whichisthenagaindippedinwaterandrolleda

tgoes,likerollingasnowball,untilthedumplingisthe

desiredsize.

aditionencouragesbotholdand

ltrytheirbesttoimprovethetasteand

qualityofthedumplingstoattractmorecustomers.

fthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A．ThecustomofeatingYuanxiaodatesbacktothefourthcentury.

B．Sugar,ropetalsandmincedmeatareallfillingsofYuanxiao.

C．SweetYuanxiaoareusuallymadeinsouthernChina.

D．PeopleinnorthernChinausuallymakeYuanxiaobyrollinglikeasnowball.

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ountrydoestheLanternFestivalcomefrom?

A．ChinaB．SouthKoreaC．JinDynastyD．TangandSongperiods.

therightorderofmakingTangyuaninsouthernprovinces.

①makeaholeandinrtthefilling

②rollthedoughbetweenyourhands

③shapethedoughofriceflourintoballs

④clothehole

⑤preparesomericeflour

A．⑤③②①④B．③⑤①②④C．③①④②⑤D．⑤③①④②

thebesttitleofthispassage?

A．TheLanternFestival

B．TheingredientsofYuanxiao

C．ThedifferencebetweenYuanxiaoandTangyuan.

D．China’straditionalfood—Yuanxiao.

eeatYuanxiaotoday?

A．Becauit’satradition.

B．Becauit’satastyfood.

C．Becauweloveourcountry.

D．Becauthisfoodcanmakemoney.

【参考答案】

1.答案：C。解析：文中没有提到只有南方人吃甜元宵。要特别注意题干中的NOT一词。

考点：综合细节题。

2.答案：A。解析：第一段中说明它起源于金代，盛行于唐宋，说明是中国的。

考点：简单推测题。

3.答案：D。解析：preparesomericeflour文中未提，但应该在前。

考点：细节顺序题。

4.答案：D。解析：文中说了元宵的起源、制作材料和方法以及流行情况，只有D能概括全

文。考点：主旨大意。

5.答案：A。解析：文中显示我们吃元宵主要是因为它是传统。

考点：推理判断题。

例3Myparentswereinahugeargument,’tknowwhoI

edMomtoallowmetostaythenightatmybest

friend’IknewIwouldn’ttellheraboutmyparents’situation,Iwaslooking

themiddleofpackingupmythingswhensuddenlythe

etotellmethatIshouldstaywithmygrandpauntil

thepowercamebackon.

Iwewhe

ohisroomandtoldhimthatI’dstaywithhimuntil

uitehappyandsaid,“Greatopportunity.”

“Whatis?”Iasked.

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“Totalk,youandI,”hesaid.“Toholdaprivatelittlemeetingaboutwhatwe’regoingtodo

withyourmomanddad,andwhatwe’regoingtodowithourlvesnowthatwe’reinthesituation

wearein.”

“Butwecan’tdoanythingaboutit,Grandpa,”Isaid,surpridthatherewassomeonewith

whomIcouldsharemyfeelingsandsomeonewhowasinthesame“boat”asIwas.

Andthat’showthemostunbelievablefriendshipbetweenmygrandfatherandmestarted.

Sittingthereinthedark,wetalkedaboutourfeelingandfearsoflife---fromhowfastthingschange,

tohowtheysometimesdon’ght,becauthepowerwentout,Ifounda

newfriend,withwhomIcouldsafelytalkedaboutallmyfearsandpains,whatevertheymaybe.

Suddenly,thelightsallcamebackon.“Well,”hesaid,“Iguessthatmeansyou’llwanttogo

hepowerwillgoouteveryfewnights!”

56．Iwishedtogetoutofthehoubecau________.

A．Iwasangryaboutmyparents’quarrel

B．Ifoundnobodytosharemyfeelingswith

C．Iwantedtoescapefromthedarkhou

D．Iplannedtotellmyfriendaboutmytrouble

57．Grandpawashappytoemebecau___________.

A．hecoulddiscusstheproblemwithme

B．hehadnotemmeforalongtime

C．hewasafraidofdarkness

D．hefeltquitelonely

58．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．Thegrandchildwaagertoleave.

B．Theywouldhavemorechats.

C．Thelightswouldgoouragain.

D．Itwouldnolongerbedark.

答案与解析

56．答案：B解析；根据第一段第二句可知。

考点：事实判断题。

57．答案：A解析；由第四段第一句“Totalk,youandI”可知。此处是对上文Hewasquitehappy

andsaid,“Greatopportunity.”的解释。

考点：判断推理题。

58．答案：B解析：文章结尾Grandpa所说的话表明了态度。

考点：细节推理题。

例4TillySmith,an11-year-oldBritishgirl,whowascalled“AngeloftheBeach”,saved100

touristsfromaThaibeachhitbyatsunamionDeC．26,2004andhadbeennamed“Childofthe

Year2005”byreadersofaFrenchchildren’snewspaper.

TillySmithisaschoolgirlatDanesHillSchoolinOxshott,Surrey,EnglanD．Backfrom

Thailandshetoldhergeographyclasshowtheaslowlyroandstartedtofoam(起泡沫),bubble,

andformwhirlpools(漩涡)beforethebigwavescame.

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“WhatTillySmithdescribedashappeningwaxactlythesameasI’dshownonavideoofa

tsunamithathittheHawaiianIslandsin1946,”y,Tilly’sgeographyteacher.

“Shesawtheconquencesofnotactingwhensomethingstrangehappens.”Kearneysaidtopics

forsixth-gradepupilsincludeearthquakesandvolcanoes.

“Wecoveredtsunamisbecautheycanbecaudbyearthquakes,volcanoes,orlandslides,”

headded.“I’vetaughtthisparticularcourforatleast11years.”

Kearneyusaudiovisual(视听教学的)teachingaidssuchasinteractivewhiteboardsto

exploitgeographicinformationonline().Tilly’sclass

esabouttsunami’arlywarningsystems.

“Theteacherhasacomputeronthedeskandcanprojectdifferentwebpagesontothe

whiteboard,”Kearneysaid.“It’shelpedmakegreatstridesinteachinggeography,itreallybrings

itintotheclassroom.”

OnDecember26,2004,TillySmith,ten,saw“bubblesonthewaterandfoam女生动漫 sizzling(发出嘶

嘶声)justlikeinafryingpan”d

ygavejusttwoweeksbeforesheflewoutto

ognizedtheasthewarningsignsofatsunami.

ShetoldherparentsandalertedthestaffoftheMarriottHotel,

beachwavacuated(撤离)neofthefewon

PhuketIslandwherenoonewaskilledorriouslyhut.

poofthepassageistotellus______.

A．howgeographyistaughtinBritishschools

B．howTillySmithudherknowledgetosavetouristsfromtsunami

C．whyTillySmithwasnamed“ChildoftheYear2005”

D．therelationshipbetweenclassroomknowledgeanditspracticalu

2．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribegeographyteachinginBritain?

A．Practical.B．Exciting.C．Audiovisual.D．Interactive.

3．Theunderlinedword“it”inparagraph6refersto______.

A．webpageB．computerC．whiteboardD．geography

4．Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A．TillySmith’sparentsandthehotelstaffhadnoknowledgeoftsunamis.

B．NootherbeachesonPhuketIslandwereevacuatedbeforethetsunamistruck.

C．ThewarningsignsofthetsunamiwerethesameasTillySmithhadlearned.

D．TillySmithandherfamilyhad全半角 notleftthehotelroombeforethetsunamistruck.

解读：本文报道英国小学生TillySmith利用课堂上所学到的地理知识在2004年印度洋

海啸中拯救了100名游客，因而获得“2005年度最佳儿童”的称号。我们可以从文章中了解

到英国小学在地理教学方面的先进理念。

【参考答案】

1.答案：B解析：通读全文可知，文章重点介绍了TillySmith如何利用课堂上所学知识拯救

游客的。

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考点：主旨大意题。

2．答案：A解析：根据文章所介绍的英国小学的地理教学模式以及TillySmith所做的一切

可以得出结论：英国的地理教学很实用。

考点：推理判断题。

3.答案：D解析：根据前文“Theteacherhasacomputeronthedeskandcanprojectdifferentweb

pagesontothewhiteboard”可知，该句的意思应该是：它（计算机）把地理真实地带入

了课堂。

考点：细节理解题。

4．答案：C解析：从文章倒数第二段的介绍可以得到答案，TillySmith正是运用了地理课堂

上学到的知识在海啸中救人。文章倒数第二段中“Hermindkeptgoingbacktothe

geographylesson…”也验证了这一点。B项与原文信息不符；A、D两项缺乏信息支持。

考点：推理判断题。

通过以上例题解析，我们大体可以分这么几步来完成阅读理解（解题方法和技巧）：

(1)【主旨要义】：一段独立的文字材料必须有主旨大意，如说明文说明了什么；议论文

沦证了什么；记叙文记叙了一件什么事情以及事情的来龙去脉；应用文要起到什么作用

等，也就是作者希望读者读完材料后能了解到或者学到什么。这类问题一般设题常用

title，mainidea，mainpurpo，...wantyoutoknow，...makeitclearthat，...mainlytellabout，

makeyoubelieve等信息词。这类题要求读者阅读完文章后领会文章大意并对所有信息进

行归纳，综合和概括后才能正确完成。所以，考生在备考中应加强对阅读篇章整体理解

的训练，培养敏捷的思维能力和对篇章整体把握的意识。

(2)【意图态度】：每年的高考试题中都有考查学生是否领会和理解作者意图和态度的试

题。这种材料有其特定的写作目的，是传递信息还是阐述道理用以教育他人。这种目的

往往不是文章直接告诉读者，而是隐含在某段、某句或者是通过对整篇文章的理解才能

真正领会。这种命题常用infer，suggest，conclude等词，需要注意的是如果文章中已经

明确指出那就肯定不是正确的选项了。因此，考生在平时的训练中要注重对信息收集、

判断、总结和概括能力的培养，

(3)【细节理解】：要论证一个观点，说明一项事宜或陈述一件事情都必须有充分的事实

依据，即：事实细节。其实，每段短文中会有大量的信息，有些与设题有关，有些则无

关。对于这些细节信息的准确理解和掌握关系到全文主旨和作者意图的把握。有些细节

信息是直接的，有些是隐含在文章中的，需要经过归纳、概括、总结和推理才能提取出

与设题密切相关的细节信息，从而作出正确判断。

(4)【推理判断】：阅读的目的主要是掌握有关或相关的信息，在阅读过程中我们需要根

据文字所提供的事实或线索进行一番逻辑推理才能掌握作者虽末提及但确实存在或很

可能发生的事情。这种命题往往含有probably等可能性的词，这也是阅读理解设题的一

个方面。

(5)【猜测词义】：客观地说，在阅渎过程中遇到生词是很正常的事情。正确理解阅读材

料中单词和短语的意思是理解全文的基础，在阅读过程中根据上下文和文章的背景猜测

词义也是一种阅读能力。有时候从字典查出来的中文解释与句中的具体意思也不相同，

这是因为考生没销售术语 有真正了解这个英文单词的真实涵义。猜测词义是阅读理解中常常遇到

的题目，所以培养猜测词义的能力在阅读过程中是非常重要的。

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(6)【文章结构】：命题人常用询问段落大意或用询问指代关系或用询问事件情节或思维

发展的先后顺序的试题来考察学生对文章基本结构的掌握情况。不同的文体有不同的结

构，正确把握文章的基本结构对主题句和主题段落的判断很有帮助。英语的文章讲究使

用主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章的开头，简要概括文章的中心思想，主题句根据

段落的写作手法的不同可能在段落的开头，也可能出现在段落的中间或末尾。段与段之

间常用词语连接，承上启下，使文章行文连贯，逻辑严密。为突出主题作者可能采用不

同的写作手法来组织文章，通过举例、比较、类比等手法来透彻阐明主题观点。

总之，做阅读理解，考生应该从整体上或者说从宏观上把握一篇文章的脉络，一定要明

确每一段的大意，理解文章的中心思想和作者的行文思路，这是做阅读理解获取高分的

基础和前提条件。

【专题训练与高考预测】

1.2008(I)

A

Itisoftennecessarytoreleaafish,thatis,titfreeaftercatching,becauitistoosmall,or

youjustdon’cas,releasingfishisagoodmeasurethatwill

artmentofGameandInland

Fisheries(DGIF)encouragesfishermenwhopracticecatch-and-releafishingtouafewsimple

iceprovidedbelowwillhelpmakesurethatthefishyoureleawill

survive(存活)tobiteagainanotherday.

—Whencatchingafish,playitquicklyandkeepthefishinthewaterasmuchaspossible.

Don’t’uanetinlandingthefishandreleaitquicklytopreventitfromdying.

—’twipethescales(鱼鳞)off

thefishbecaui袋子英语 tmightcauittodevelopadiaandreduceitschanceofsurvival.

—Removeyourhook(鱼钩)ookistoodeeporhookedinthestomach,cutthe

kleftinsidewillcaunoriousproblemtothefish.

—ethefishwhenitbeginsto

struggleandisabletoswim.

—Donot

aregoingtoreleaafish,dosorightaway.

Withalittlecareandbyfollowingthesuggestionsgivenabove,youcangivethereleadfish

abetterchanceofsurvival.

64．Peoplesometimestafishfreeaftercatchingitbecauthey_________

A．don’twantittodieB．hopeitwillgrowquickly

C．don’twanttohaveitasfoodD．wanttopracticetheirfishingskills

65．Whichofthefollowingwillprobablymakeafishill?

A．Takingthehookoffit.B．Removingitsscales.

C．TouchingitvesD．Holdingitinyourhand.

66．Aproperwaytoreleaafishisto_________.

inwatertillitcanswimB．takethehookoutofitsstomach

C．keepitinabucketforsometimeD．letitstrugglealittleinyourhand

2

9

67．Whatisthepurpoofthetest?

A．Toshowhowtoenjoyfishing.B．Topersuadepeopletofishlessoften.

C．Toencouragepeopletotfishfree.D．Togiveadviceonhowtoreleafish.

2．(2008山东)

B

FederalregulatorsWednesdayapprovedaplantocreateanationwideemergencyalert(警报)

systemusingtextmessagesdeliveredtocellphones.

Textmessageshaveexplodedinpopularityinrecentyears,particularlyamongyoungpeople.

Thewirelessindustry’stradeassociation,CTIA,estimates(估计)morethan48billiontext

messagesarenteachmonth.

TheplancomesfromtheWarningAlertandResponNetworkAct,a2006federallawthat

requiresimprovementtothenation’taskedtheFederal

CommunicationsCommission(FCC)withcomingupwithnewwaystoalertthepublicabout

emergencies.

“Theabilitytodeliveraccurateandtimelywarningsandalertsthroughcellphonesan万物与我为一 dother

mobilervicesisanimportantnextstepinoureffortstohelpensurethattheAmericanpublichas

theinformationtheyneedtotakeactiontoprotectthemlvesandtheirfamiliesbefore,andduring,

disastersandotheremergencies,”FCCChairmanKevinMartinsaidfollowingapprovaloftheplan.

Participationinthealertsystembycarriers—telecommunicationscompanies—isvoluntary,

butithasreceivedsolidsupportfromthewirelessindustry.

somaynotbechargedfor

receivingalerts.

Therewouldbethreedifferenttypesofmessages,accordingtotherules.

Thefirstwouldbeanationalalertfromthepresident,likelyinvolvingaterroristattackor

ondwouldinvolve“approachingthreats,”whichcouldincludenatural

rdwouldberervedfor

childabduction()emergencies,orso-calledAmberAlerts.

Thervicecouldbeinplaceby2010.

66．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．CellPhoneAlertsProtectingStudents

B．CellPhoneAlertsbyWirelessIndustry

C．CellPhoneAlertsofNaturalDisasters

D．CellPhoneAlertsComingSoon

3．(2008福建)

C

Foryearswehavebeentoldthatencouragingachild’slf-respectisimportanttohisorher

ldexpertsarenowlearningthattoomuchpraicanleadtotheopposite

-sholickidswhoexpectitateveryturnmaybecometeenswhoektosamekindof

approvalfromfriendswhenaskediftheywanttogointhebackatofthecar.

Theimplication(含义)ofsaying“Youaretheprettiestgirlinclass,”ortalkingaboutthe

10

goalsshesucceedbutnotheroveralleffort,isthatyouloveheronlywhenshelooksthebest,

scoresshehighest,scarriesovertotheclassroom.

SocialpsychologistCarrolDweck,PhD,testedtheeffectsofoverpraion400fifthgraders

ndthatkidspraidfor“tryinghard”didbetteron

testsandweremorelikelytotakeondifficultassignmentsthanthopraidforbeing“smart”.

“Praisingattributes(品质)orabilitiesmakesafalpromithatsuccesswillcometoyou

becauyouhavethatquality,anditdevalueffort,sochildrenareafraidtotakeonchallenges,”

saysDweck,nowatStanfordUniversity,“Theyfigurethey’sbetterquitwhilethey’reahead.”

62．Theauthorquoted(引用)’swordsinthelastparagraphinordertomakethearticle

_____.

A．better-knownB．better-organized

C．morepercussiveD．moreinteresting

63．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____.

A．praiforeffortsshouldbemoreencouraged

B．praiforresultsworksbetterthanpraiforefforts

C．praisingachild’sachievementsbenefitshisorhersuccessinlife

D．praisingachild’sabilitiencouragehimorhertotakeonchallenges

4．D

Tinytot’sbigadventure:SuperBaby,amultimediachildren’splayco-producedbyBeijing

Children’sArtTheaterandYeowoobiAnimationCompanyofSouthKorea,isrunningatBeijing’s

CulturalPalaceofNationalities.

AdaptedfromapopularSouthKoreancartoonbookbyKoreanwriterChoSooMin,theplaytells

thestoryofthevoynamedSiqing,whotsoutinarchofadventurewithhisfriendWeiwei,a

dinosaur,andapandatorescuehiskidnappedgrandfather.

IndirectorHangCheng’yes,itisastoryofhope,dreamsandcourage.

HesaysitisaChineinterpretationofAlice’sAdventureinWonderland,andChenghopesit

couldinspiretheyoungaudiencememberstoloveoneanother,treasurefriendshipandpursuetheir

dreams.

Time:7:30pm,untilAugust26

Place:49fuxingmenNeidajieStreet,XichengDistrict

Tel:400–810–1887,5905–9082

Lordsoftherings:TheChineAcrobaticsGroup,establishedin1950,willputonaperformance

thatincludestraditionalacrobatics,circus,magic,oldBeijingfolkplaysandmore.

Theshowblendsmusic,dance,localoperaandmartialartswithacrobatics.

Time:7:30pm,daily

Place:TiandiTheater,DongsiShitiao,100metersnorthofPolyTheater,ChaoyandDistrict

Tel:6416–9893

Foolingaround:dashanistakingtothestagewiththeotherwiall-ChinecastofChaojiBendan,

yisanadaptationofthefamousFrenchcomedy,LedinerdeCons(The

dinnerGame).

11

Dashan,orMarkRowswell,isaCanadianwhobecameahouholdnameandpopularTVhost

stheroleofPierreBrochant,asuccessfulParisianpublisher,

whoattendsaweekly“idiots’dinner”.Eachguestmustbringalongan“idiot”fortheamumentof

ndofthedinner,theevening’s“championidiot”islecteD．

Time:7:30pm,September29~30

Place:PolyTheater,14DongzhimenNandajie,DongchengDistrict

Tel:6416–9990

Classiccomeback:ChinedramaclassicTheTopRestaurant(Tianxiadiyilou)willbestagedby

BeijingPeople’nbyHeJiping,thedramahasbeenoneofthemostpopular

ChinetheatricalworksperformedbytherenownedBeijingPeople’een

stagedmorethan400timessincethepremiere.

Time:7:30pm,September5~14

Place:CapitalTheater,22WangfujingDajie

Tel:6524–9847

Ordernow,youcangeta20%formation,pleaclickhere.

anttoenjoymagiconSunday,youcangoto.

A．RedTheaterB．TiandiTheater

C．PolyTheaterD．CapitalTheater

ertimentsareabout“”.

A．exhibitionsB．meetings

C．stageperformancesD．westerncultures

fthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A．SuperBaby,achildren’splay,isperformingatBeijing’sCulturalPalaceofNationalities.

B．TheChineAcrobaticsGroupcanperformoldBeijingfolkplays.

C．DashanisapopularTVhostwhospeakssuperbChine.

D．TheTopRestaurantwillbeperformedbyHeJinping

4．Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom.

A．atextbooksB．amagazineC．anewspaperD．awebsite

5．E

Everyonebecomesalittlemoreforgetfulastheygetolder,butmen'smindsdeclinemorethan

women's,accordingtotheresultsofaworldwidesurvey.

Certaindifferencemtobeinherentinmaleandfemalebrains:Menarebetteratmaintaining

anddealingwithmentalimages(ufulinmathematicalreasoningandspatialskills),whilewomen

tendtoexcel(擅长)atrecallinginformationfromtheirbrain'sfiles(helpfulwithlanguageskills

andrememberingthelocationsofobjects).

Manystudieshavelookedforaconnectionbetweenxandtheamountofmentaldecline(衰退)

peopleexperienceastheyage,buttheresultshavebeenmixed.

Somestudiesfoundmoreage-relateddeclineinmenthaninwomen,whileotherssawthe

12

esultscouldbe

improperbecauthestudiesinvolvedolderpeople,andwomenlivelongerthanmen:Themen

testedarethesurvivors,"sothey'retheonesthatmaynothaveshownsuchcognitivedecline,"said

studyteamleaderElizabethoftheUniversityofWarwickinEngland.

Peoplesurveyedcompletedfourtasksthattestedx-relatedcognitiveskills:matchinganobject

toitsrotatedform,matchinglinesshownfromthesameangle,typingasmanywordsinaparticular

category(范畴)"objectusuallycoloredgray",andrecallingthe

sttwoweretasksatwhichmenusuallyexcel;thelatter

aretypicallydominatedbywomen.

Withineachagegroupstudied,menandwomenperformedbetterintheirparatecategorieson

ughperformancedeclinedwithageforbothgenders,womenshowedobviously

lessdeclinethanmenoverall.

erlinedwordinthecondparagraphmeans_________.

A．naturalB．greatC．obviousD．absolute

2．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanNotbetypedintothesamecategory?

A．cloudB．sheepC．treesD．goo

3．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingthearticle?

A．MendobetterthanwomenwhenitcomestolearningEnglish.

B．Womenstandoutatrememberingpeople’snames.

C．Menexcelattypingasmanywordsinaparticularcategoryaspossibleinthegiventime.

D．Womenexcelatdealingmathematicproblems.

4．Oneimportantfactorthataffectsthecorrectnessoftheresultsisthat_________.

A．theoldmentestedmaynothaveshownsuchcognitivedecline

B．peoplesurveyedareallold

C．peopletakingpartinthistestcamefromallovertheworld

D．womenlivelongerthanmen

5．Theauthoraimstotellusthat__________.

A．women’smindsperformbetterthanmen’s

B．men’smindsdeclinemorewithage

C．everyonebecomesalittlemoreforgetfulastheygetolder

D．asurveyonhuman’sminddeclinewasdonerecently

6．F

Thelargestearthquake(magnitude里氏9.5)ofthe20thcenturyhappenedonMay22,1960

offthecoastofSouthCentralChile.

Itgenerated(生成)oneofthemostdestructivePacific-widetsunamis(海啸).Nearthegenerating

area,boththeearthquakeandthetsunamiwereverymuchdestructive,particularlyinthecoastal

gesttsunamidamageoccurredatIsla

Chiloe---thecoastalareaclosttotheepicenter(震中).Hugetsunamiwavesmeasuringashighas

25metersarrivedwithin10to15minutesaftertheearthquake,killingatleasttwohundredpeople,

13

sinkingalltheboats,andfloodinghalfakilometerinland.

TherewaslargedamageandlossoflifeatConcepcion,Chile'ecity

ofValdivia,theearthquakeandfollowingaftershocksgeneratedlandslideswhichkilled18people.

AttheportcityofValparaiso,acityof200,000,of130,000

housweredestroyed---oneineverythreeintheearthquakezoneandnearly2,000,000people

werelefthomeless.

Totaldamageloss,includingtoagricultureandtoindustry,wereestimated(估计)tobeovera

alnumberofdeathrelatedwithboththetsunamiandtheearthquake

tesofdeathsreachedbetween490to5,7002with

nodistinction(差别)astohowmanydeathswerecaudbytheearthquakeandhowmanywere

r,itisbelievedthatmostofthedeathsinChilewerecaudbythe

tsunami.

idthelargesttsunamidamageoccurred?

A．ConcepcionB．IslaChiloeC．ValdiviaD．Valparaiso

2．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetsunamiwavesgeneratedbytheearthquake?

A．Thetsunamiwavesashighas25metersarrivedimmediatelyaftertheearthquake.

B．Thetsunamiwaveskilled200peopleandsankallboats.

C．Thetsunamiwaveswereverydestructive.

D．Thetsunamiwavesfloodedhalfoftheinland.

3．WhatisgenerallythoughtthemaincauofdeathsinChile?

A．landslidesB．thetsunami

C．aftershocksD．themagnitude9.5earthquake

4．Whatisthetotalnumberofdeathsintheearthquake?

A．2,000,000B．between490to5,7002

C．200,000D．itwashardtoknow.

5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapd”probablymean?

A．wasdestroyedB．caughtfire

C．wasfloodedD．sank

7．G

Athiefwhodroppedawinninglotteryticket(彩票)atthesceneofhiscrimehasbeengivena

tim,whopickeduptheticket,thenclaimedthe￡25000prize,managed

totracehim,beryhappenedwhenmathsprofessorVinicio

Sabbatucci,58,rmotorist,whostoppedto"to

help",fessorfoundthedroppedticketandput

itinhispocketbeforedrivinghometoAscoliineasternItaly.

Nextday,hesawthelotteryresultsonTVand,takingouttheticket,realizeditwasawinner.

Heclaimedthe60millionlire(里拉)y,he

rtidinnewspapersand

onradio,saying:"I'60millionforhim---alottery

14

ity(匿名)guaranteed."

ProfessorSabbatuccireceivedhundredsofcallsfrompeoplehopingtotrickhimintohanding

rewasonevoiceherecognized---andhearrangedtomeetthemaninapark.

Therobber,a35-year-oldunemployedfatheroftwo,

couldnotbelievewhatwashappening."Whydidn'tyoukeepthemoney?"fessor

replied:"Icouldn'tbecauit'snotmine."Thenhewalkedoff,spurningthethief'sofferofa

reward.

1．Thentence"Thenhebeganabattlewithhisconscience."Inparagraph2impliesallofthe

followingEXCEPTthat_______.

A．heknewwhatheshoulddoassoonashesawthelotteryresults

B．hehesitatedaboutkeepingthemoneyforsometime

C．hethoughtforamomentofavenginghimlfontherobber

D．hecametorealizethathonestyismoreimportantthanmoney

2．HundredsofpeoplephonedProfessorSabbatuccibecauthey______.

A．wantedtomakefunofhim

B．hopedtogetthemoney

C．knewwhotherobberwas

D．lostthelotteryticket

d"spurning"inthelastntencecanbereplacedby______.

A．acceptingB．claimingC．rejectingD．canceling

4．Ifthestoryappearsinanewspaper,thebesttitlemightbe_____.

A．AThief'sLuckyDayB．APopularMathsProfessor

C．AMagicLotteryD．ARewardofHonesty

8．H

ovies,weknowthatifwereach

outtotouchTomCrui,sababyhavethisunderstanding?

esignedamethod幼师实习心得 forprojectingan

opticalillusion(视觉影像)nwastofirstgivebabiesarealball,onethey

couldbeexpectedtoshowsurpridintheirfacesandmovements,Allthe16to24-week-old

babiestestedweresurpridwhentheyreachedfortheillusionandfoundthattheballwasnot

there.

thatifweputaboxinaroom

andlockthedoor,sababyrealizethataball

thatrollsunderachairdoesnotdisappearandgotonever-neverland?

ExperimentsdonebyBowersuggestthatbabiesdevelopanofobjectpermanencewhen

xperiments,Bowerudatoytrainthatwentbehindascreen.

When16-week-oldand22-week-oldbabieswatchedthetoytraindisappearbehindtheleftsideof

thescreen,theylookedtotheright,xperimenttookthetrainoffthe

tableandliftedthescreen,emstoshow

15

condpartoftheexperimentshowed

-archersubstituted(替换)aballforthetrainwhenitwent

22-week-oldbabiemedsurpridandlookedbacktotheleftsideforthe

16-week-oldbabiesdidnotemtonoticetheswitch(更换).Thus,the16-week-old

babiemedtohaveanof“somethingpermanence,”whilethe22-week-oldbabieshada

nofobjectpermanencerelatedtoaparticularobject.

sageismainlyabout.

A．babies’nofsightB．effectsofexperimentsonbabies

C．babies’understandingofobjectsD．differenttestsonbabies’feelings

graph3,“objectpermanence”meansthatwhenoutofsight,andobject.

A．stillexistsB．keepsitsshape

C．stillstayssolidD．isbeyondreach

dBoweruinhixperiments?

A．AchairB．AscreenC．AfilmD．Abox

fthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A．Thebabiesdidn’thaveanofdirection.

B．Theolderbabiespreferredtoytrainstoballs.

C．Theyoungerbabieslike虚拟内存设置多少 dlookingformissingobjects

D．Thebabiescouldn’ttellaballfromitsopticalillu-sion.

【专题训练与高考预测】参考答案及解析：

1.【参考答案】

64．答案：C。解析：从文章第一段的语句Itisoftennecessarytoreleaafish,thatis,titfree

aftercatching,becauitistoosmall,oryoujustdon’twanttotakeithometoeat.可知钓到

的鱼太小，不想带回家吃。

考点：细节理解。

65．答案：B。解析：从文中第二条建议Don’twipethescales(鱼鳞)offthefishbecauitmight

cauittodevelopadiaandreduceitschanceofsurvival.可知刮掉鱼鳞会让鱼生病，减

少成活的机会。

考点：细节理解。

66．答案：A。解析：从第四条建议Releathefishwhenitbeginstostruggleandisabletoswim.

可知答案，其余三种情况都是错误的做法。

考点：细节判断。

67．答案：D。解析：从文章第一段最后一句Theadviceprovidedbelowwillhelpmakesurethat

thefishyoureleawillsurvive(存活)tobiteagainanotherday.（中心句）及文章最后一段

的总结句Withalittlecareandbyfollowingthesuggestionsgivenabove,youcangivethe

16

releadfishabetterchanceofsurvival.可知写这篇文章的目的是就如何放养钓到的小鱼，

使他们的成活率更高提出了一些建议。

考点：推测作者的写作意图。

2．【参考答案】

本文是一篇新闻类文章。美国联邦政府打算利用手机短信免费为公众进行信息警报，这

非常是快捷、有效的方式，并即将成为可能。

66．答案：D。解析：文章第一段即是主旨所在。选项A缩小了文章内容表达的范围；选项

B不是本文所要表达的中心内容，明显不正确；选项C太片面，根据文章倒数第二段中

aterroristattackornaturaldisaster一句可以排除。

考点：主旨大意。

3.【参考答案】

62．答案：C。解析：从第四段引用’s的话，让人看到这种表扬会导致孩子们退

缩，害怕挑战，从而使文章更具震撼力。

考点：推理判断。

63．答案：A。解析：从第三段Shefoundthatkidspraidfor“tryinghard”didbetterontestsand

weremorelikelytotakeondifficultassignmentsthanthopraidforbeing“smart”.可知。

考点：推理判断。

4.【参考答案】

1．答案：B。解析：从第二则广告可知答案。

考点：细节理解。

2．答案：C。解析：这四则广告是关于舞台演出的。

考点：主旨大意。

3．答案：D。解析：从四则广告直接找答案。

考点：细节理解。

4．答案：D。解析：从最后一句话可知答案。

考点：细节理解。

5.【参考答案】

1．答案：A。解析：男女大脑的思维在某些方面的差异是天生固有的。

考点：词意猜测。

2．答案：C。解析：根据文章第五段可推断出选项中这类物体是以白色为限定范畴的。

考点：推理判断。

3．答案：B。解析：男性在推理和空间思维方面占优势，女性在提取大脑中储存的记忆信息

方面占优势。

考点：推理判断。

4．答案：A。解析：根据文章第四段可知。文章只是说调查涉及到老年人，但并不都是老年

人，故排除B。选项D不是造成调查结果不准确的原因。

考点：细节理解。

5．答案：B。解析：根据文章第一段可知。

考点：主旨理解。

6.【参考答案】

17

1．答案：B。解析：从文章第二段第三行“thelargesttsunamidamageoccurredatIslaChiloe---the

coastalareaclosttotheepicenter(震中).”可以得到答案。

考点：细节理解。

2．答案：C。解析：考察文章第二段的最后几句。A选项不是arrivedimmediately而是10-15

分钟以后到来。B选项为至少200人，D选项不是halfoftheinland而是halfakilometer，

故以上3个选项均有误。

考点：细节理解。

3．答案：B。解析：最后一段的最后一句“However,itisbelievedthatmostofthedeathsinChile

werecaudbythetsunami.”说明本题答案。

考点：主旨理解。

4．答案：D解析：2,000,000为无家可归人的数目；200,000为thecityofValparaiso的人口数。

490to5,7002为地震和海啸共同导致的死亡数。考点：细节理解。

5．答案：A。由本段的下一句Atotalof130,000housweredestroyed可以推测出答案。

考点：推理判断。

7.【参考答案】：Ｃ解析：从文章中可以看出该文章属于说明文体裁。就题材看属于文化类

方面的文章。主要介绍的是Rollerskating是如何形成的。

考点：主旨大义题。

2．答案：Ｄ解析：从文中的JophMerlinwasamanofideasanddreams一句，可以看出Ｄ

为本题的正确答案。

考点：细节题。

3．答案：Ａ解析：从文章的第二自然段的最后一句可以看出Merlin想到“滑进”房间的

真正目的是getalotofattention(fromtheguests)，故Ａ为本题的正确答案。

考点：细节题。

4．答案：Ｃ解析：这段叙述的是“Merlin成功地拉着小提琴滑进屋子”，可不巧的是他又

遇到了意想不到的麻烦——撞碎挂在墙上的镜子。

考点：归纳总结题。

8.【参考答案】：本文是一篇科普短文，大意是通过实验研究儿童是否知道物体是固体，具

有物体持久性的感觉，研究表明，16周到24周的婴儿都知道物体是有形的固体，然而

第一项研究表明只有18周以上的婴儿才对某个特定的物体的认识具有持久性。

1．解析本题考查主旨大意的把握能力。本文通过科学家的研究和对研究结果的解释，旨

在说明婴儿对物体的理解。答案：C

2．解析本题考查词义理解能力。通过对第二项研究情况的阅读和第三段的解释得知“object

permanence”意思是“物体依然存在”。答案：A

3．解析本题考查细节理解能力。第二段和第四段中所述的Bower的两个实验中都用到了

screen.答案：B

4．解析本题考查证误判断能力。第二段中所述实验情况表明：婴儿伸手去摸屏幕上的影像，

说明他们事先不能区分一个真正的球和影像的区别。答案：D

18