2023年4月18日发(作者：消防安全月)三种水库消落带草本植物对完全水淹的适应机制研究 李秋华;刘送平;支崇远;李小峰;陈峰峰;曾庆凯 【摘要】In order to understand the adaptive mechanism of three plant species, including Phalaris arundinacea, Hemarthria altissima and Cynodon dactylon, in the water-level-lfuctuation-zone (WLFZ), dynamic changes in ecological and physiological indicators, such as branch, leaf, biomass, soluble sugar, starch and root vigor, were studied. The results showed that P. arundinacea, H. altissima and C. dactylon did not generate new branch, and r关于孔子
educed total leaf number, total leaves length and biomass for adapt to submergence environment. P. arundinacea and C. dactylon adapted to complete submergence by slow growth, while H. altissima accelerated growth at ifrst and then inhibited growth to prerve vitality. P. arundinacea, H. altissima and C. dactylon consumed little carbohydrate, reduced root vigor to adapt complete submergence. The tolerance of prolonged submergence of the three herbs is as the following:C. dactylon>P. arundinacea>H. altissima.%为了解虉草(Phalaris arundinacea)、 牛鞭草(Hemarthria altissima)和狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)3种水库消落带草本 植物在完全水淹条件下的生理生态适应机制，对这3种植物的生态指标(枝条、叶 和生物量)和生理指标(可溶性糖、淀粉和根系活力)的动态变化特征进行了研究。 结果表明：在完全水淹条件下，虉草、牛鞭草和狗牙根都不产生新的枝条，它们通 过减少总叶数、总叶长和生物量的方式来适应水淹环境。虉草和狗牙根通过减缓枝 条生长速率来适应水淹环境，而牛鞭草则是通过先加快生长后抑制生长来保存活力。 虉草、牛鞭草和狗牙根均以少量的碳水化合物(可溶性糖和淀粉)消耗，降低根系活
4 结论 (1)虉草是通过减缓茎的生长，减少总叶片数、总叶长和生物量，以少量的碳水化 合物(可溶性糖和淀粉)的消耗，逐渐降低根系活力等方式适应完全水淹环境。 (2)战胜敌人的三大法宝
狗牙根是通过不产生新的分枝，减缓总分枝伸长生长，持续减少总叶片数、总 叶长和生物量，以节俭的方式消耗碳水化合物(可溶性糖和淀破裂的反义词
粉)，逐渐降低根系活 力等方式来提高其水淹耐受性。 (3)牛鞭草是通过不产生新的分枝，总分枝长先升后降，持续降低总叶片数、总叶 长和生物量，消耗少量的碳水化合物(可溶性糖和淀粉)，逐渐降低根系活力等方式 适应长期的水淹。 (4)3种草本植物对水淹的耐受能力由大到小依次为狗牙根、虉草、牛鞭草。 参考文献 【相关文献】 [1]Diao C T, Huang J H. A preliminary study on land resources of the water-level- fl uctuating zone in the Three-Gorges Rervoir [J].Res Environ Yangtze Basin, 1999, 8(1): 75-80.刁承泰, 黄京鸿. 三峡水库水位涨落带土地资源的初步研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 1999, 8(1): 75-80. [2]Xie D T, Fan X H. The Evolvement and Modulation of Ecosystem of the Water-level- fl uctuating Zone in the Three-Gorges Rervoir[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2010: 1-6.谢德体, 范小华. 三峡库区消落带生态系统演变与调控 [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010: 1-6. [3]Manzur M E, Grimoldi A A, Insausti P, et al. Escape from water or remain quiescent? Lotus tenuis changes its strategy depending on depth of submergence [J]. Ann Bot, 2009, 104(6): 1163-1169. [4]Wang H F, Zeng B, Li Y, et al. Effects of submergence on growth,survival and recovery growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides [J].J Wuhan Bot Res, 2008, 26(2): 147-152.王海锋, 曾 波, 李娅, 等. 完全水淹条件下空心莲子草的生长, 存活及出水后的恢复动态研究 [J]. 武汉植物学研究, 2008, 26(2):147-152.
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