2023年4月19日发(作者：帮助的英文)考研英语重要的语法考点 考研英语重要的语法考点 考研英语语法考点：宾语从句 引导的宾语从句: that没有意义，在口语或非正式文 体中常省略： I really feel she’s making a mistake. 我的孩子烫伤怎么办
确感到她正犯错误。 I suggested that we should go home. 我建议我们回家去。 虚拟语气，that 一般不能省略。r/if 是否引导的宾语从 句：如果要突出“究竟是。还是不。”，成立的英文
常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不与or not连用。 Let me know whether you can e or not. 你能来还是不能来， 告诉我一声。 3.在think, believe,suppo, expect 等动词的宾语从句中， 否定不用在从句中，而是将think 等词变为否定形式。 I don’t think the film is interesting. 我觉得这部电影没什么 意思。 I don’t suppo we are going outing tomorrow. 我认为我们 明天不会出去郊游。 4.如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡， 用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语
的动词有：make, find, e, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take。.for granted等。 George made it clear that he oppod thisproject. 乔治已明 确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that引导的句子，作宾语，clear 是宾语补足语。 They kept it quiet that he was dead. 对他已经死亡的消息， 他们秘而不宣。 考研英语考点：各种承上启下关系 所谓“承上启下”即承接上文，开启下文。该考点是英语考试 必考点!其常见的三种形式如下所示： 一代词的承上启下 一常见代词：he/ she/ they/ it/ him/ her/ them/ his/ hers/ their/ one等 二识别标准：判断指代词的单复数、位置以及词性。 三举例子： E.g. Tom is a good student. He would like to play 主语、单数、名词，往前找，我们不难发现he= Tom。学生因为 作补语，所以Tom 更加准确。 E.g. Tom does not like 女士们英文
cars, becau they pollute the air. they 主语，复数，名词，往前找，Tom因为是单数，所以不符合还原 要求，所以最终cars= they，符合句子逻辑要求。
E.g. . ④That means a higher proportion of what is in the a is being caught, so the real difference between prent and past is likely to be wor than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. [题目中的the one= the difference] 二名词的承上启下 一常见形式：the/ such/ this/ that/ the/ tho+n 二举例子： E.g. Tom is a good student. The student would like to play football. the +n往往表示第二次提到，所以该学生其实就是前面 提到的a good student= Tom. E.g. They all em to look alike though they e from all over—lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 ats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10∶30 a. m. [题目中的them= the sleepers= their= they] [备注：held，原形hold，在此表示“预留”的意思。所以tickets held for the sleepers= thickets which were held for the sleepers 为守夜排队者预留的票] [注意：the+重复关键词/同词根不同形式的单词/同义词/上
义词/词义更为广泛的或笼统的上义词] 三关联词的承上启下 一常见形式：also/ furthermore/ but/ however/ therefore/ then等词+上述两种形式一种。 二举例子：Everybody thinks Tom is stupid. Nobody thinks she is clever either. 四句法 一常见形式：即采用前置、省略、重复、被动语态，甚至排 比等手段起到承上启下的纽带作用。有时为使句子与上文衔接把 通常位于句中或句后的宾语、补语前置。 二举例子： Mr. White fried two small pieces of fish. One of the he fed to his cat, the other he ate himlf. We really should not rent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain. 考研英语必考知识点：被动语态的用法 被动态的用法 1、不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者，这时就用被动语 态。 I felt a littlie nervous when I was beinginterviewed. 我接受面 试的时候，有点紧张。
The fighters are imported from Russia. 这些战斗机是从俄 国进口的。 That place has been turned into a swimmingpool. 那个地方 已被变成游泳池。 老黄瓜
2、说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，也常用被动语 态 He’ssaid/believed/reported to be in the U. S. A. 据说/据信/ 据报道他在美国。 常用句型that后面跟句子： It is sai十五用英语怎么说
d that。. It is reported that。. It is hoped that。. It is believed that。. It is announced that。. it is well known that。. It has been decided that。. It is suppod that。. It is suggested that。. It must be remembered that。. It is taken for granted that。. 主动句变被动句
一：时态不能改变;二：变为被动语态后，谓语动词要和被动 语态的主语在人称、数上保持一致。还要作如下变动：把主动语 态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;主动语态的主语放在by的后面， 组成介词短语，再把这个介词短语放在被动语态的谓语动词之后。 在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。 They will open a new supermarket theresoon. A new supermarket will be opened theresoon. Somebody has warned us to be careful ofrats. We have been warned to be careful of rats. 如果主动语态有两个宾语直接宾语和间接宾语，变为被动语 态时，可将其中任何一个宾语变为主语，另一个不变。但较常见 的是将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。 The reporters asked the president somequestions. The president was asked some questions bythe reporters. 变 间接宾语为主语 Some questions were asked the president bythe reporters. 变直接宾语为主语 情态动词被动态 句中含有情态动词时，其被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+ 过去分词： The timetable can be changed any time. 时间表随时可以改
变。 This book may not be taken out of thereading room. 这本 书不允许带出阅览室。 This dictionary must be taken good care of.这本词典必须保 管好。 其他要点 1、有些动词形式上是主动，意义上是被动。 School begins in September. 学校九月份开学。 The library doesn’t open onSunday. 图书馆星期天不开放。 The machine runs well. 这台机器容易操作。 My pen writes well. 我的`钢笔好使。 The cloth washes well. 这料子耐洗。 The dictionary lls well. 这词典销路很好。 The door will not shut/lock. 门关/锁不上。 2、make, e, watch,hear, notice, feel等使役动词和感官动 词的宾语后面可以接不带to的不定式作宾补。但在被动语态中， 不定式符号to必须补上。 They made him go. 他们让他去。 He was made to go. 他被要求去了。 I heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我听见他向他的朋 友说再见。
He was heard to say good-bye to hisfriends. 有人听到他向 他的朋友说再见。 3、除助动词be外，动词get有时也可跟过去分词构成被动 语态，是比较口语化的一种被动语态。这种结构中很少用by短 语。 I got lost in the huge market. 在那个巨大的市场中我迷失了 方向。 In the end this story got translated intoEnglish. 这故事最后 被译成了英文。His car got damaged in aroad accident. 他的车 在交通事故中被毁了。 4、“have/get+宾语+过去分词”这个句型也表达了一种被动 的意思。 I had my wallet stolen/lost last Sundaywhen I was shopping. 上星期天买东西的时候我的钱夹被盗。 I bought the books at a discount and hadtwo hundred dollars saved. 我打折买了这些书，省了两百美元。 5、在need, want, require后学习雷锋
面，主动的-ing形式表达被动 的意思：橄榄树吉他谱
our garden needs watering. =。to bewatered 你的花园需要 浇水。 Does your suit require pressing, sir? 先生，您的衣服要烫吗?
