法律英语常用词汇和句型总结

法律英语常用词汇和句型总结

常用术语总结

一、基本概念及用法

债权人：obligee

债务人：obligor

一方：one party

对方相对人：the other party；善意相对人：the other party in

good faith

债权：creditor’s right; right to performance; right

债务/义务： obligation

标的物：subject matter

责任：liability

要约：offer;

承诺：acceptance;

要约邀请：invitation to offer;

要约人：offeror

受要约人：offeree

收件人：recipient

代理人：agent

被代理人/本人：principle

行为人：person performing (such) act

代理权：agency authority

应当：shall

contract

带来损失：cau loss to . . .

损害利益：harm somebody’s interest

赔偿损失：indemnify the other party for its loss

由某人承担费用：expens shall be borne by sb.

承担损害赔偿责任：be liable for damages

各自承担相应的责任：bear their respective liabilities

accordingly

要求承担违约责任：hold . . . liable for breach of contract

享有权利、承担义务：assume right and obligation

二、各个条文中的术语

合同订立采取. . .方式： a contract is concluded by the

exchange of. . .

(e.g. by the exchange of an offer and an acceptance; by the

exchange of electronic messages)

. . .的意思表示：manifestation of intention to do something

做出表示：manifest his intention (to do)

接受履行：accept the performance

订立合同时：in the cour of concluding/ negotiating a

contract; at the time of its conclusion 符合．．．规定：meet the

requirement of . . .

承诺的撤回：withdrawal of acceptance

书面形式：in writing

合同书形式：memorandum of contract

具有本法. . .条规定的情形：fall into any of the circumstances

t forth in Article. . .

撤回：withdraw; 撤销：cancel

拒绝追认：decline; 拒绝履行：reject

受约束：be bound；is binding upon somebody

表明：indicate

价目表：price list

拍卖公告：announcement of auction

招标公告：call for tender

招股说明书：prospectus

商业广告：commercial advertiment

数据电文：electronic message

指定特定系统：designate a specific system

快速通讯方式：instantaneous communication device

国家指令性任务或国家订货任务：state mandatory plan or

state purcha order

根据需要/要求：in light of its requirement

格式条款：standard terms

条款：provision

提请注意义务：duty to call attention

应. . .要求，做. . .：do something upon the request of . . .

与对方协商：negotiate with the other party

预先拟定：prepare in advance

重复使用：repeated u

提供格式条款一方：the party supplying standard terms

免除或限制责任：exclude or limit liability

加重对方责任：increa the liabilities of the other party

排除对方主要权利：deprive the other party of material rights

合理的方式：in a reasonable manner

对格式条款的理解：construction of standard term

通常理解：common n

隐瞒与. . .有关的重要事实：conceal material facts relating to . . .

提供虚假情况：supply fal information

商业秘密：trade cret

泄露或不正当使用商业秘密：disclo or improperly u trade

cret

在订立合同的过程中获悉：become aware of in the cour of

negotiating a contract

生效条件：conditions precedent

解除条件：conditions subquent

阻止／促成条件成立：impair/facility satisfaction of a

condition

对合同的效力约定附条件：prescribe that the effectiveness of a

contract be subject to certain conditions

附生效/解除条件的合同：a contract subject to condition

precedent/subquent

条件成立：condition is satisfied

附期限的合同：contract term

生效/失效期限：a time of commencement/expiration

限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil

act

法定代理人：legal agent

追认：ratify

纯获利益的合同：a contract from which such person accrues

benefits only

与其年龄、智力、精神健康状况相适应：be appropriate for his

age, intelligence, mental health

催告法定代理人在一个月内予以追认：demand legal agent to

ratify the contract within one month

视为拒绝追认：is deemed to decline ratify the contract

撤销的权利：somebody is entitled to cancel. . .

以通知的方式做出：be effected by notification

以. . .的名义：on one’s behalf

没有代理权：lack agency authority

超越代理权：act beyond his agency authority

代理权终止：agency authority is extinguished

请求人民法院或仲裁机构变更或撤销：petition the People’s

court or an arbitration institution for amendment or cancellation

重大误解：material mistake

显失公平：grossly unconscionable

欺诈：fraud

胁迫：duress

乘人之危：take advantage of the other party’s hardship

真实意思：true intention

受损害方：aggrieved party

合同无效、被撤销或者终止：invalidity, cancellation or

discharge of a contract

不影响. . .条款的效力：not impair the validity of the contract

provision concerning. . .

争议解决方法：the method of dispute resolution

返还财产：make restitution of property

过错方：the party at fault

折价补偿：allowance be made in money bad on the value

of the property

在合同约定的交付期间：during the prescribed period of

delivery

交付时的价格：price of delivery

迟延交付标的物/提取标的物/付款：delay in delivering the

subject matter; delay in taking delivery; delay in making payment

同时履行： simultaneous performance

互负债务：owe performance toward each other

没有先后履行顺序：there is no order of performance

履行不符合约定：render non-conforming performance

拒绝其相应的履行要求： reject its corresponding requirement

for performance

部分履行：partial performance

债务人部分履行给债权人增加的费用：additional expens

incurred by obligee due to obligor’s partial performance

代位权：subrogation

怠于行使到期债权：delay in exercising its creditor’s right

that was due

专属于. . .人本身：exclusively personal to somebody

转让债权：assign a right

受让人取得与债权有关的从权利：assignee assumes any

incidental right associated with the obligee’s right

让与人与受让人：assignor, assignee

接到. . . 通知：upon receipt of notice of assignment

债务人可以向受让人主张抵销：the obligor may avail itlf of

any t-off against the assignee

对某人享有债权： have right to performance by/against

somebody

合并/分立：a party has effected combination/division

合并/分立后的法人：legal person resulting from

combination/division

行使合同权利，履行合同义务：assume the rights and

obligations

享有连带债权，承担连带债务：jointly and verally assume

the rights and obligations

合同解除：terminate

合同终止：discharge

债务互相抵销：obligations were t off against each other

将标的物提存：place the subject matter in escrow

免除债务：relea the obligor from performance

毁损、灭失的风险：the risk of damage or loss

孳息：fruits of subject matter

违约责任：liabilities for breach of contract

履行合同义务：perform obligations under a contract

符合约定的履行合同义务：perform obligations in accordance

with the contract; render conforming performance

继续履行：specific performance

采取补救措施：cure of non-conforming performance

赔偿损失：payment of damages

预期违约：anticipatory breach

明确表示：expressly state

行为表明：indicate by conduct

违约金：liquidated damage

一定数额：a certain sum/amount of …

根据违约情况：in the light of degree of breach

因违约产生的损失赔偿额的计算方法：a method for calculation

of damages for the loss resulting from a party’s breach.

到达时间：time of arrival

承诺期限：the period for acceptance

信件载明的日期或电报交发之日：date shown on the letter or

the date on which the telegram is handed in for dispatch

邮戳日期：the posting date stamped on the envelop

超过承诺期间：after expiration of the period for acceptance

履行期限：time of performance

. . .期间自…开始计算：the period for. . . commences on the

date when. . ./once . . .

五、常用句型：

●Ａ符合Ｂ情况的，视为Ｃ：A is deemed as C, if B.

●表示假设，用”where” or ”if”

●如果是个长句子，内容为：在一个大前提A下，又有几个不同的

条件(B、C)，每个条件

下的结果（D是B的结果，E是C的结果）都不同。可以用：

Where/When A, if B，D；

if C, E. 例如：合同法第16条36条。

●A时间被视为B时间：the time when. . .is deemed as time

of. . .（the time when the

electronic message enters into such specific system is

deemed as time of arrival）●. . .时A成立：用once/when/upon，

e.g. A contract is formed once the acceptance

becomes effective. A contract becomes effective upon its

formation.

An offer become effective when it reaches the offeree.

●在…之前，或同时到达：reach … before or at the same time

as . . . e.g. the notice of

withdrawal shall reach offeror before or at the same time as

the acceptance.

●具有本法. . .条规定的情形，则. . .：. . .is . . ., if it falls into any

of the circumstances t

forth in Article. . . hereof. E.g. A standard term is invalid, if it

falls into any of the circumstances t forth in Article 52 hereof.

●法律、行政法规规定. . ., 依照其规定：Where. . .is subject to

provisions of relevant law

or administrative regulation, such provisions apply.

●附生效/失效期限的合同，自. . .时生效/失效：A contract

subject to a time of

commencement/expiration becomes effective/ is

extinguished at such time.

●. . . 除外：. . . , except where 句子 e.g. 第72条

●除非双方另有约定：. . . , unless otherwi agreed by the

parties

●法律规定或者当事人约定的其他. . .情形：any other

circumstances of . . . provided by

law, or prescribed by the parties

●法律、行政法规规定或当事人约定. . .： . . . as required by the

relevant law or

administrative regulation or as agreed by the parties

●. . . 的范围，以. . .为限：the scope of . . .is limited to the

extent of. . .

●有下列情形之一的，. . . ：. . . in any of the following

circumstances

●无论. . . ：regardless of whether/when/where. . .