2022届辽宁省普通高中高三模拟试卷(一)英语试题(含答案解析)

2022届辽宁省普通高中高三模拟试卷（一）英语试题

学校姓名：班级：考号：

:____________________________________________

一、阅读理解

The Surprising Benefits of Taking a Cold Shower

You’ll procrastinate() less.

拖延

Putting things off is a habit everyone would love to lo. No one wants to take a cold

shower, but the more routinely you bite the bullet and get it over with, the more you’re

training your body not to get hung up on tho moments of hesitation. As time goes on, this

habit will extend to other areas of life.

You’ll be more resistant to stress and depression.

Brief changes in body temperature like a cold shower have been theorized to help brain

function and activate beta-endorphin (B-) and noradrenaline () in the

内啡肽去甲肾上腺素

brain. Beta-endorphins are “feel-good” molecules that give a n of well-being.

Noradrenaline is an adrenal hormone () that helps depresd people feel more

肾上腺激素

“up” naturally. Cold water bathing, meanwhile, also reduces the cortisol hormone (

皮质醇激

素

), which usually kicks into action when stress and anxiety take over.

You’ll get sick far less.

Cold showers lead to higher numbers of white blood cells circulating throughout your

body, which is never a bad thing. Tho helpful little cells work hard to protect you from

dia and illness.

Your skin and hair will glow.

Cold water tightens your skin that gives a natural glow to the skin. When it comes to

your hair, cold showers clo and fortify your hair cuticles while adding more strength to

them. Moreover, cold water also doesn't harm the natural barrier of your skin and hair.

1Which of the following can make you less anxious?

．

ANoradrenaline. BAlpha-endorphin.

．．

CWhite blood cells. DThe cortisol hormone.

．．

2How are your skin and hair after cold showers?

．

ATight. BStrong. CNatural. DShiny.

．．．．

3Where is the text most likely from?

．

AA diary. BA magazine. CA novel. DA guidebook.

．．．．

“Leaves on the line” is a troublesome term for rail operators.

试卷第1页，共9页

When leaves fall on to a railway line, they form an extremely low-friction black paste.

When compresd by a slowly moving train, the paste becomes sticky and prevents the wheel

from touching the rail, leading to lengthy delays and extreme safety concerns.

Discovering why leaves po such a problem has taken years of rearch.

Sycamore () leaves are known to create this slippery black substance. It reduces

梧桐树

friction between wheel and rail to around 0.01 per cent—the same as between ice and a skate.

To find out what chemical in the leaves was responsible for the paste, the rearchers

ud a process of elimination (). Different chemicals were removed but the paste

排除过程

still formed. However, when tannins () were removed, the paste did not form.

单宁酸

In plants, the large molecules are ud to soak up dia and stop it spreading, as well

as making the plants taste bitter in order to discourage animals from eating them. But when

the leaves fall on to a railway line, the tannins react with charged iron particles from the

steel rails to form an extremely low-friction black paste.

“With this chemical reaction found and linked to low friction phenomena, interventions

() can be designed,” rearchers conclude. They say this discovery could help

干预措施

design policies to cut down problem trees. For example, instead of removing all trees near

railway lines, it may be better to just cut down the species that contain tannins.

However, another solution may lie in stopping the tannins from the leaves interacting

with the ions () in the steel at all. “Interventions can be designed to target the specific

离子

reactions or chemicals,” the rearchers say. At prent they are still working on it.

4What’s the problem with leaves on the line?

．

AThey do harm to the environment.

．

BIt' s hard for rail operators to clean up them.

．

CWhen presd their chemical slows down the train.

．

DThey increa the friction between the train and railway.

．

5What does the underlined phra “soak up” probably mean in Paragraph 6?

．

Acau Babsorb Creduce Dincrea

．．．．

6What’s the proper solution according to rearchers?

．

ARemove tannins from leaves.

．

BGet rid of all trees near railway lines.

．

CChange the position of railway lines to avoid leaves.

．

DPrevent the chemical reactions between tannins and ions.

．

试卷第2页，共9页

7What can you infer from this text?

．

AThe troublesome leaves will cau danger to pasngers.

．

BThe discovery of the chemical reaction helps design policies.

．

CTannins are responsible for the paste formed by compression.

．

DCurrently, rearchers succeed in stopping the chemical reaction.

．

The world’s first 3D-printed steel footbridge, measuring 12 meters in length, has been

installed in Amsterdam. The bridge, created by a Dutch company called MX3D, has been

installed over the Oudezijds Achterburgwal canal.

More than four years in the making, the S-shaped bridge will act as a “living laboratory”

in the Dutch capital as it handles pedestrian traffic.

Rearchers at Imperial College London are asssing the “performance” of the bridge,

which is packed with nsors, as it’s being walked on.

Data collected from the nsors will enable experts to monitor how it changes over its

lifespan, such as if the steel yields () due to football, and measure how the public

变形；弯曲

interacts with the bridge, such as how many people are using it.

“A 3D-printed metal structure large and strong enough to handle pedestrian traffic has

never been constructed before,” said Leroy Gardner of the Department of Civil and

Environmental Engineering. “We have tested and stimulated the structure and its components

throughout the printing process and upon its completion, and it’s fantastic to e it finally

open to the public.”

Sensor data will also be put into a “digital twin” of the bridge—a computerized version

that imitates the real-life physical version. Performance of the physical bridge will be tested

against the twin, which will help answer questions about the adequacy () of 3D-

妥善性

printed steel and inform future construction projects.

According to MX3D, the bridge is more than just a functional object for the public, but

an art, installation and a celebration of technology.

“3D printing prents tremendous opportunities to the construction industry, enabling far

greater freedom in terms of material properties and shapes,” said Gardener. “This freedom

also brings a range of challenges and will require structural engineers to think in new ways.”

8What makes the bridge special?

．

AThe S-shape. BThe metal structure.

．．

9What can you learn from this text?

．

ASensors can detect problems. BThe bridge is 12 meters wide.

．．

CCars must run slowly on the bridge. DThe bridge is the world’s first steel

．．

footbridge.

10Which of the following cannot describes the bridge?

．

APractical. BComplex. CArtistic. DTechnical.

．．．．

11What is the main idea of this text?

．

ATo recommend 3D printing. BTo analyze nsor data.

．．

CTo prai technology innovation. DTo introduce a footbridge.

．．

Mr. Jafri is a 44- year- old artist from England. Last year, the coronavirus spread and

many countries went into lockdown(). Rather than feeling stuck, Jafri

封锁；在家隔离

decided to take on a huge project that could “make a really big difference”.

He decided to create the world’ s largest painting. He asked children to nd him pictures

showing how they were feeling during the pandemic(). He got artwork from kids in

大流行病

140 different countries.

The painting is huge—over 1600 square meters. It took Jafri ven months to create the

painting. He worked long hours—often up to 20 hours a day. He hurt his back by bending

over so much while he painted. It took over 1000 paintbrushes and 6300 liters of paint to

create the painting.

Jafri hoped that his painting, called “The Journey of Humanity”, would help bring the

world together during a difficult time. He included the children’s drawings in the artwork.

When he finished last September, he had t a Guinness World Record for the world’s

largest painting.

The painting was split up into 70 large pieces. Jafri hoped that by lling the pieces, he

could rai 30 million dollars.

But when the auction ended on March 22, Jafri did much better than that. And he didn’t

have to split up the pieces. The whole artwork was sold for 62 million dollars.

Andre Abdoune, a French businessman, bought all 70 pieces. “The painting was very

powerful when I saw it,” Mr. Abdoune said. “And for me, it would have been a mistake to

parate the pieces.”

12What’s the purpo of paragraph 1?

．

ATo introduce the topic. BTo persuade the readers.

．．

试卷第4页，共9页

CTo attract readers’ interest. DTo provide background information.

．．

13Why did Jafri decide to create this painting?

．

ATo rai money for children.

．

BTo t a Guinness World Record.

．

CTo kill time under a tight lockdown.

．

DTo get everybody together during the pandemic.

．

14Which of the following best describes Andre Abdoune?

．

AMean. BKind. CGenerous. DSelfish.

．．．．

15What’s the best title of this text?

．

AThe Painting of Mr. Jafri. BA Great Artist.

．．

CThe Journey of Humanity. DA Guinness World Record.

．．

二、七选五

5-Step Process to Improve Your Critical Thinking

Every day, a a of decisions stretches before us. It’ s impossible to make a perfect

choice. Critical thinking is one particularly effective technique to improve our chances.

___16___ But here’s one five-step process that may help you.

Formulate your question.

In other words, know what you’re looking for. For example, if you’re deciding whether

to try out the newest diet craze, you approach the situation with a clear view of what you' re

actually trying to accomplish by dieting.

___17___

There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you

determine what’s relevant. Information gathering helps you weigh different options, moving

you clor to a decision that meets your goal.

Apply the information.

___18___ “What concepts are at work?” “What assumptions exist?” “Is my

interpretation of the information logically sound?”

Consider the implications.

Imagine it’s election time, and you’ve lected a political candidate bad on their

promi to make it cheaper for drivers to fill up on gas. At first glance, that ems great.

___19___ If gasoline u is less restricted by cost, this could also cau a huge surge in air

pollution.

试卷第5页，共9页

Explore other points of view.

Ask yourlf why so many people are drawn to the policies of the opposing political

candidate. This will help you make more informed decisions.

Critical thinking can give us the tools to sift through a a of information and find what

we’re looking for. ___20___

AGather your information.

．

BAsk yourlf when facing a decision.

．

CThere are many ways to improve our chances.

．

DThis isn’t always as straightforward as it sounds.

．

EBut what about the long-term environmental effects?

．

FThere are many different ways of approaching critical thinking.

．

GIf enough of us u it, it has the power to make the world a more reasonable place.

．

三、完形填空

15 years ago, Erin Merryn met a ginger kitten who needed a home when she was a

student in a small college town. He___21___ into her arms and refud to let her go.

“I was ___22___ immediately and decided that I would take a ___23___ and try hiding a

kitten in my college dorm where animals are obviously not allowed,” Erin recalled.

A week later she was caught and given 48 hours to___24___ the cat. “I planned cretly

for a month to ___25___ my parents to let me keep him. Mom finally ___26___. Dad never

said yes but I won and got my ___27___” said Erin.

Six years ago, Erin had Abby, her beautiful daughter. She didn’t know ___28___ Bailey

would think about the new addition.

But it was love at first sight, and as Abby grew, he became her ___29___ brother,

watching over her every step of the way.

A video clip showing Abby reading to Bailey went viral on the Internet in 2018.

Numerous people ____30____ Erin on social media platforms.

____31____, while Erin and her family spent every day with the cuddly cat, the world

did not get to know Bailey for very long. On December 8, 2018, the 14-year-old cat pasd

away from kidney ____32____.

born” to be remembered as a symbol of ____35____ that inspires others to treat the world

with love.

21Abroke Bleapt Cfell Dcaught

．．．．．

22Aattacked Baddicted Cattached Dappreciated

．．．．．

23Arisk Blook Cchange Ddecision

．．．．．

24Akill Bll Cpermit Dremove

．．．．．

25Aforce Bpermit Cadvi Dconvince

．．．．．

26Agave up Bgave in Cgave out Dgave away

．．．．．

27Away Bhope Cword Dadvice

．．．．．

28Ahow Bthat Cwhat Dwhether

．．．．．

29Aprotective Bdestructive Cimpressive Dnsitive

．．．．．

30Apraid Bfollowed Cadmired Dscolded

．．．．．

CEventually DUnfortunately 31ASurprisingly BAmazingly

．．．．．

Cfailure Dfunction 32Alack Borgan

．．．．．

Cassumes Destimates 33Adoubts Bexpects

．．．．．

Cfriends Downers 34Afans Bfellows

．．．．．

Ccompassion Dconfidence 35Ahardship Bsympathy

．．．．．

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1

The story of coffee often begins with a shepherd ___36___ (name) Kaldi in 9 century

th

Ethiopia. While out in the fields, Kaldi saw his goats eating the berries from a small bush,

then running and leaping about. Out of ___37___ (curious), he tried the berries and felt the

invigorating effects for ___38___ (he). He took some of the fruits with him and shared them

with the ___39___ (member) of a monastery nearby. And by the 1400s, coffee was being

traded throughout the Arabian Peninsula.

Coffee reached Europe in the late 16 century through trade. Coffee was introduced into

th

Italy first. Coffee really became popular in Europe in the 17 century, and the coffee hous

th

opened across Europe. ___40___ first coffeehou in England opened in Oxford in 1651 and

by the late 17 century there were many coffeehous in English towns ___41___ merchants

th

and professional men met to drink cups of coffee, read newspapers and chat.

In the Americas, coffee was introduced during colonization, first as an imported good,

then as a cultivated crop throughout Central America. The cultivation of coffee in Americas,

试卷第7页，共9页

like other cash crops, resulted ___42___ the displacement of native peoples and___43___

(develop) of large – scale plantations using native people as a labor source. In the 19

th

century, Brazil became the world’s ___44___ (large) coffee producer, a title it ___45___

(maintain) ever since. Coffee remains a major good produced in Central and South America

to this day.

五、其他应用文

462420222420

．第届北京张家口冬奥会在年月日～日在中国的北京市和张家口市

联合举行。由于疫情原因，国外的观众不能到中国来观看。假如你是李华，请你写一

封信向你的笔友介绍一下本次冬奥会。要点如下：

Tom

1.“”“”

会徽冬梦，吉祥物冰墩墩。

2.7102

设个大项，个小项。北京承办所有冰上项目，延庆和张家口承办所有的雪上项

目。

3.

这是中国历史上第一次举办冬季奥运会。

词数左右。

80

参考词汇：疫情；会徽；吉祥物

epidemicemblemmascot

Dear Tom,

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________

Li hua

六、读后续写

47

．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

文。续写的词数应为左右。

150

One pleasant New-year morning, Edward ro, and washed and dresd himlf in haste

(). He wanted to be first to wish a happy New Year.

匆忙

He looked in every room, and shouted the words of welcome. He ran into the street, to

repeat them to tho he might meet.

When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted

up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had en

at the bookstore. He left the hou with a light heart, intending to buy the books.

As he ran down the street, he saw a poor German family, the father, mother, and three

试卷第8页，共9页

children shivering with cold. “I wish you a happy New Year,” said Edward, as he was gayly

passing on. The man shook his head. “You do not belong to this country,” said Edward. The

man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak our language.

But he pointed to his mouth, and to the children, as if to say, “The little ones have had

nothing to eat for a long time.” Edward quickly understood that the poor people were in

distress (). He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.

困境

How their eyes sparkled with gratitude! They said something in their language, which

doubtless, meant, “We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you in our prayers.

Paragraph 1:

When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________

Paragraph 2:

“My dear boy,” said his father, “here is a whole bundle of books.”

参考答案：

1D

．

2D

．

3B

．

【解析】

【导语】

这是一篇应用文。文章从个方面介绍了冷水浴给人带来的意想不到的好处。

4

1

．

细节理解题。根据部分的

You’ll be more resistant to stress and depression.“Cold water bathing,

meanwhile, also reduces the cortisol hormone (), which usually kicks into action

皮质醇激素

when stress and anxiety take over.

（与此同时，冷水浴也会降低皮质醇激素，当压力和焦虑

占据主导地位时，皮质醇激素通常会发挥作用）可知，皮质醇激素会降低人们的焦虑感。

”

故选。

D

2

．

细节理解题。根据部分的

Your skin and hair will glow.“Cold water tightens your skin that gives

a natural glow to the skin. When it comes to your hair, cold showers clo and fortify your hair

cuticles while adding more strength to them.

（冷水可以紧致肌肤，让肌肤焕发自然光彩。当

谈到你的头发时，冷水浴会关闭并强化你的头发角质层，同时增加它们的力量）可知，洗

”

完冷水浴后我们的头发和皮肤会焕发光彩。故选。

D

3

．

推理判断题。文章从个方面介绍了冷水浴的惊人好处，是与日常生活相关的话题。由此

4

推知，本文很有可能来自一本杂志。故选。

B

4C

．

5B

4

．

细节理解题。根据第二段的

“When compresd by a slowly moving train, the paste becomes

sticky and prevents the wheel from touching the rail, leading to lengthy delays and extreme safety

concerns.

（当被缓慢移动的火车压缩时，这种糊状物会变得粘稠，防止车轮接触铁轨，从

而导致长时间的延误和极端的安全问题）可知，铁路线上树叶造成的问题是它们形成的糊

”

状物减慢了车速。故选。

C

5

．

词句猜测题。根据划线部分下文

“stop it spreading, as well as making the plants taste bitter in

order to discourage animals from eating them.

（阻止疾病传播，同时使植物尝起来苦涩，以

阻止动物食用它们）可知，下文陈述的内容都是这种大分子对树叶的好处。由此推测，这

”

些大分子被用来吸收疾病，即意为吸收，与同义。故选。

soak up“”absorbB

6

．

细节理解题。根据最后一段的

“However, another solution may lie in stopping the tannins from

the leaves interacting with the ions () in the steel at all. “Interventions can be designed to

离子

target the specific reactions or chemicals,” the rearchers say.

（然而，另一个解决方案可能在

于阻止叶片中的单宁与钢铁里的离子相互作用。干预措施可以针对特定的反应或化学物质

‘

进行设计，研究人员说）可知，根据研究人员的说法合适的解决方法是阻止单宁酸和铁

’”

轨上的钢铁发生化学反应。故选。

D

7

．

推理判断题。根据第五段的单宁酸

“However, when tannins()were removed, the paste did not

form.”

（然而，当单宁酸被去除后，糊状物质并没有形成）推知，单宁酸是压缩形成糊状

物的原因。故选。

C

8C

．

9A

．

10B

．

11D

．

【解析】

【导语】

这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了世界上第一座打印钢制人行天桥。

3D

8

．

答案第2页，共12页

细节理解题。根据第一段的

“The world’s first 3D-printed steel footbridge, measuring 12 meters

in length, has been installed in Amsterdam. 3D

（世界上第一座打印钢制人行天桥已在阿姆斯

特丹建成，全长米）和第五段的

12”“A 3D-printed metal structure large and strong enough to

handle pedestrian traffic has never been constructed before

（以前从未建造过足够大和坚固的

3D”3DC

打印金属结构来处理行人交通）可知，打印是这座桥的特殊之处。故选。

9

．

细节理解题。根据第四段的

“Data collected from the nsors will enable experts to monitor how

it changes over its lifespan,

（从传感器收集到的数据将使专家能够监测桥梁在使用寿命期间

的变化）可知，传感器可以监测桥的问题。故选。

”A

10

．

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段

“According to MX3D, the bridge is more than just a functional

object for the public, but an art, installation and a celebration of technology.MX3D

（根据，这座

桥不仅仅是一个功能性的物体，而是一种艺术、装置和技术的庆祝）可知，这座打印

”3D

钢铁人行天桥是实用的、艺术的和高科技的。由此可知，复杂的不能描述该桥。

complex“”

故选。

B

11

．

主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的

“The world’s first 3D-printed steel

footbridge, measuring 12 meters in length, has been installed in Amsterdam. 3D

（世界上第一座

打印钢制人行天桥已在阿姆斯特丹建成，全长米）可知，本文主要介绍了世界上第一

12”

座打印钢制人行天桥。故选。

3DD

12D

．

13D

．

14B

．

15C

．

【解析】

【导语】

本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述英国画家在疫情期间创作出了一副巨画，并创了世界吉

Jafri

尼斯纪录。

12

．

推理判断题。根据第一段

“Mr. Jafri is a 44- year- old artist from England. Last year, the

答案第3页，共12页

coronavirus spread and many countries went into lockdown(;). Rather than feeling

封锁在家隔离

stuck, Jafri decided to take on a huge project that could “make a really big difference”.”(Jafri

先

生是个岁的英国艺术家。去年，冠状病毒传播开来，许多国家进入了封锁状态。与其被

44

困住，决定做一个巨大的可以真正的带来巨大的影响的项目。可知，第一段是在为

Jafri“”)

接下来介绍他做的巨大项目提供背景信息。故选。

D

13

．

细节理解题。根据第四段

“Jafri hoped that his painting, called “The Journey of Humanity”,

would help bring the world together during a difficult time.”(Jafri“The

希望，他的这幅被叫做

Journey of Humanity”)Jafri

的画可以帮助世界上的人们在艰难的时期聚集在一起。可知，决

定做这个创作工程师为了让世界上的人在疫情期间团结一致，共渡难关。故选。

D

14

．

推理判断题。根据最后一段

Andre Abdoune, a French businessman, bought all 70 pieces. “The

painting was very powerful when I saw it,” Mr. Abdoune said. “And for me, it would have been a

mistake to parate the pieces.( Andre Abdoune70“

法国商人买下了全部件作品。当我看到

这幅画时，它的力量非常强大，说。对我来说，把这些作品分开是一个错

” Abdoune“

误。可知，买下所有的作品，没有让作品分开，由此可知，他是一个心地善良

”)”Abdoune

的人。故选。

B

15

．

主旨大意题。根据第二段他决定创作一副

“He decided to create the world’ s largest painting.”(

世界上最大的画。和第四段

)“Jafri hoped that his painting, called “The Journey of Humanity”,

would help bring the world together during a difficult time.”(Jafri“The

希望，他的这幅被叫做

Journey of Humanity”)

的画可以帮助世界上的人们在艰难的时期聚集在一起。可知，这篇文

章主要讲述创作的世界上最大的画，画的名字叫，所以可以

Jafri“The Journey of Humanity”

以这幅画的名字作为文章标题。故选。

C

16F

．

17A

．

18B

．

19E

．

20G

．

【解析】

答案第4页，共12页

【导语】

本文是说明文。文章主要介绍提高一个人的批判性思维能力的个步骤。

5

16

．

根据下文但是，这里有步可以帮助

“But here’s one five-step process that may help you.”(5

你。可知，上文作者要提到有方法可以做到批判性思维。选项有许多不同的方法可以

)F“

达到批判性思维。和下文意思为转折关系。是关键词。故选。

”critical thinkingF

17

．

根据下文

“Information gathering helps you weigh different options, moving you clor to a

decision that meets your goal.”(

信息收集帮助你权衡不同的选择，让你更接近一个符合你目

标的决定。可知，这一段作者建议要收集一些信息。选项收集你的信息。为本段的标

)A“”

题。故选。

A

18

．

根据下文

““What concepts are at work?” “What assumptions exist?” “Is my interpretation of the

information logically sound?””(“”“”“

什么概念在起作用？存在什么假设？我对信息的解释在

逻辑上合理吗？可知，这里列举了许多的问题，所以作者是建议要提出问题。选项当

”)B“

面临决定时问你自己问题。和下文意思一致。故选。

”B

19

．

根据上文乍一看，似乎很棒。和下文

“At first glance, that ems great.”()“If gasoline u is less

restricted by cost, this could also cau a huge surge in air pollution.”(

如果汽油的使用不受成本

的限制，这也会导致空气污染的大幅增加。可知，上文提到汽油降价看起来很好，但是下

)

文说的是从长远来看，汽油降价是有害的，所以中间需要过渡句。选项但是长期的环境

E“

影响怎么办？和上下文意思连贯。故选。

”E

20

．

根据上文

“Critical thinking can give us the tools to sift through a a of information and find what

we’re looking for.”(

批判性思维可以给我们一些工具，让我们从海量的信息中筛选出我们要

找的东西。可知，这里在最后一段作者总结了批判性思维的好处。选项如果我们足够

)G“

多的人使用它，那么它将有能量让这个世界变成一个更加合情合理的地方。和上文意思一

”

致。故选。

G

21B

．

22C

．

答案第5页，共12页

23A

．

24D

．

25D

．

26B

．

27A

．

28C

．

29A

．

30B

．

31D

．

32C

．

33D

．

34A

．

35C

．

【解析】

【导语】

这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在大学时遇到了一只小猫，给了它一个家。后来她有了

女儿，猫咪用爱心和耐心陪着女儿长大直到去世的故事。

21

．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跳进她的怀里，不让她走。破坏，打破；

A. brokeB. leapt

跳；落下；抓住，赶上。根据可知，

C. fellD. caught“into her arms and refud to let her go.”

此处是指小猫跳进怀里，想让她把自己带回家。故选。

ErinB

22

．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻被吸引了，决定冒险把一只小猫藏在我的大学宿舍里，

“

那里显然不允许养动物，回忆道。袭；使上瘾；

”ErinA. attackedB. addicted……C. attached

附着，使依恋；感激。根据下文

D. appreciated“decided that I would take a 3 and

try hiding a kitten in my college dorm”ErinC

推知，被小猫吸引了。故选。

23

．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻被吸引了，决定冒险把一只小猫藏在我的大学宿舍里，

“

那里显然不允许养动物，回忆道。风险；表情；改变；

”ErinA. riskB. lookC. changeD.

decision“where animals are obviously not allowed”

决定。根据下文可知，宿舍不准养动物，

答案第6页，共12页

所以作者决定带小猫回宿舍是冒险。故选。

A

24

．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，她被抓住了，并给与小时的时间把猫带走。

48A. kill

杀死；卖；允许；移除。根据上文

B. llC. permitD. remove“where animals are obviously

not allowed”Erin48D

可知，被抓住后，学校给她小时时间让她把猫带走。故选。

25

．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我秘密计划了一个月来说服父母让我留下他。强迫；

A. forceB.

permitC. adviD. convince……“Dad never said

许可，允许；建议；使相信，说服。根据

yes but I won”BaileyErin

结合下文陈述和作者女儿的故事推知，曾努力说服父母让她留下

小猫。故选。

D

26

．

考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈最终屈服了。放弃；屈服；

A. gave upB. gave inC. gave out

分发，耗尽；赠送，泄露。根据推知，作者的妈妈在作者

D. gave away“Dad never said yes”

的说服下最终同意留下小猫，即妈妈屈服了。故选。

B

27

．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸从来没有答应过，但我赢了，得到了我想要的。方

A. way

式，方法；希望；单词，话语；建议。根据和下文讲述作

B. hopeC. wordD. advice“I won”

者女儿和的故事可知，作者得到了自己想要的继续养，得

Bailey——Baileyget one’s way“

逞。故选。

”A

28

．

考查连词词义辨析。句意：她不知道会怎么看待新加入的家庭成员。如何；

BaileyA. how

B. that C. what……D. whether

（无意义）；什么，的；是否。结合句意，此处问某人对什

么的看法，应用。故选。

whatC

29

．

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这是一见钟情，随着的成长，他成为了保护她的哥

Abby

哥，守护着她的每一步。保护的；破坏性的；令人

A. protectiveB. destructiveC. impressive

印象深刻的；敏感的。根据下文可知，

D. nsitive“watching over her every step of the way.”

Bailey AbbyA

成了保护的哥哥。故选。

30

．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人在社交媒体平台上关注了。表扬，赞美；

ErinA. praid

答案第7页，共12页

B. followedC. admiredD. scolded“A video clip

跟随，密切关注；欣赏；责骂。根据上文

showing Abby reading to Bailey went viral on the Internet in 2018.”

推知，很多人在社交平台上

关注了。故选。

ErinB

31

．

考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，虽然艾琳和她的家人每天都和这只可爱的猫在一

起，但人们认识贝利的时间并不长。令人吃惊的是；令人惊讶

A. SurprisinglyB. Amazingly

的是；最终；不幸的是。根据下文

C. EventuallyD. Unfortunately“the 14-year-old cat pasd

away”BaileyD

可知，死了，这是不幸的事。故选。

32

．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：年月日，这只岁的猫因肾衰竭去世。缺

201812814A. lack

乏；器官；失败；功能。根据可知，死于

B. organC. failureD. function“pasd away”Bailey

肾衰竭，肾衰竭。故选。

kidney failure“”C

33

．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾琳估计她的家人已经收到了来自世界各地的多张卡片。

500

A. doubtsB. expectsC. assumesD. estimates

怀疑；期待；假定，认为；估计。根据上文

“Erin still got cards and gifts from caring individuals.”“received more than 500 cards from

和下文

around the world”Erin500D

可知，此处是指估计收到的卡片超过了张。故选。

34

．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：希望的粉丝们能够坚持这份爱。粉丝；

ErinBaileyA. fansB.

fellowsC. friendsD. owners“A video clip showing Abby

同伴；朋友；主人，所有者。根据

reading to Bailey went viral on the Internet in 2018.”Bailey

推知，在社交平台上有很多粉丝，

此处指希望他的粉丝们在他死后能坚持对动物的爱。故选。

ErinA

35

．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：她希望自己毛茸茸的第一个孩子被人们记住，作为一种同情

“”

的象征，激励他人用爱来对待这个世界。艰难困苦；怜悯；

A. hardshipB. sympathyC.

compassionD. confidence“inspires others to treat the world with love”

同情；信心。根据结合

上文讲述冒险收留的故事可知，希望人们能同情小动物，给它们关爱。故

ErinBaileyErin

选。

C

36named

．

37curiosity

．

答案第8页，共12页

38himlf

．

39members

．

40The

．

41where

．

42in

．

43development

．

44largest

．

45has maintained

．

【解析】

【导语】

本文是说明文。文章主要讲述咖啡的发展过程。

36

．

考查非谓语。句意：咖啡的故事起源于世纪埃塞俄比亚的一个叫的牧羊人。根据

9Kaldi

句子结构和意思可知，这里考查过去分词做后置定语，修饰前面的名词，是被动

shepherd

的关系，所以用过去分词表示被动的意思。故填。

named

37

．

考查名词。句意：出于好奇，他尝试了浆果，并且感受到了提神的效果。根据句子结构和

意思可知，这里考查名词，表示好奇心的意思，是固定短语出于好奇的

“”out of curiosity“”

意思。故填。

curiosity

38

．

考查代词。句意：见第题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查反身代词，做介词

2

for“”himlf

的宾语，表示他自己的意思。故填。

39

．

考查名词。句意：他带了一些果实，与附近一个修道院的成员分享。根据句子结构和意思

可知，这里考查可数名词作宾语，表示泛指，所以用复数形式。故填。

members

40

．

考查冠词。句意：英国第一家咖啡馆于年在牛津开业，到世纪晚期，英国城镇里

165117

有许多咖啡馆，商人和职业人士聚在那里喝咖啡，看报纸，聊天。根据句子结构和意思可

知，这里考查定冠词修饰序数词，表示第一的意思。故填。

first“”The

41

．

答案第9页，共12页

考查定语从句。句意：见第题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句，先

5

行词，在从句中做地点状语。故填。

coffeehouswhere

42

．

考查动词短语。句意：美洲的咖啡种植，和其他经济作物一样，导致了当地人的迁移和大

规模种植园的发展，这些种植园把当地人作为劳动力来源。根据句子结构和意思可知，这

里考查动词短语，表示导致的意思。故填。

result in“”in

43

．

考查名词。句意：见第题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词，和前面的名

7

词短语一起并列做介词的宾语，表示发展的意思，是

the displacement of native peoplesin“”

不可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填。

development

44

．

考查形容词最高级。句意：在世纪，巴西成为世界上最大的咖啡生产国，从那时起，这

19

个称号就一直保持着。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词最高级，表示最大的

“”

意思，修饰后面的名词短语。故填。

coffee producerlargest

45

．

考查谓语。句意：见第题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查谓语动词，

9it

(maintain) ever sinceBrazil became the world’s ___9___ (large) coffee producer, a title

是的定语

从句，先行词是，在从句中做宾语。句子中有时间状语，所以句子谓语用

a titleever since

现在完成时，主语是，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式，助动词用。故填

ithashas

maintained

。

46Dear Tom,

．

As you know, the 24th Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games will be held in Beijing

and Zhangjiakou from February 4 to 20, 2022. Due to the epidemic, foreign audiences can’t come

to China to watch it. Therefore, I am writing to tell you something about it.

The winter Olympic Games emblem is “Winter Dream”, which looks like the Chine

character “”. The mascot is “Bing Dwen Dwen”, a very cute giant panda. There are 7 major

冬

events and 102 minor ones. Beijing hosts all the ice projects, while Yanqing and Zhangjiakou host

all the snow projects. Although this is the first time for China to host the Winter Olympic Games,

we believe it will be great success.

Yours,

答案第10页，共12页

LiHua

【解析】

【导语】

这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友介绍本届北京冬奥会的相关情况。

Tom

【详解】

1.

词汇积累

因为：

becau of→due to

可爱的：

lovely→cute

告诉：

inform→tell

相信：

be convinced that→believe

2.

句型拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：

The mascot is “Bing Dwen Dwen”, a very cute giant panda.

拓展句：

The mascot is “Bing Dwen Dwen”, which is a very cute giant panda.

【点睛】

[1]Although this is the first time for China to host the Winter Olympic Games, we

高分句型

believe it will be great success.although

（运用了引导让步状语从句）

[The winter Olympic Games emblem is “Winter Dream”, which looks like the Chine character

“”. which

冬（运用了引导的非限制性定语从句）

47When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a

．

moment, but quickly looked up. “I have bought no books,” said he, “I give my money to some

poor people, who emed to be very hungry,” adding “I think I can wait for my books till next

New Year.” His father asked the reason. He explained it was a German family who didn’t have

enough clothes to wear. Edward’s explanation made his father understand what had happened and

he expresd that he couldn’t agree more with him. “I will buy you some books,” promid father.

“My dear boy,” said his father, “here is a whole bundle of books.” To his surpri, the books were

exactly what he wanted. Holding the books his father gave him in his arms, Edward felt he was the

【解析】

【导语】

这是一篇读后续写。文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了的爸爸在新年这天给了他两

Edward

美元，他本打算用这些钱买自己喜欢的书。但在去书店的路上看到一个贫穷的家庭，于是

决定把自己的钱给他们，让他们暂度难关。

【详解】

1.

段落续写

①“Edward”

根据第一段首句当回家时，他的父亲问他买了什么书可知，下文可以描写

Edward

告诉爸爸真相，并且受到爸爸的表扬。

①“‘’‘’”

根据第二段首句我亲爱的孩子，他的父亲说，这里有一大捆书。可知，下文可以描

写拿到书的反应，以及感想。

Edward

2.——————————Edward

续写线索：父亲询问告诉真相父亲表扬承诺买书买回新书

非常开心和德国人家重遇感想

————

3.

词类激活

行为类

①hang/lower

垂下，低下：

①understand/be aware of

明白：

①help/assist/give a hand to

帮助：

①meet/come across

遇见：

情绪类

①surpri/amazement

吃惊：

①thank/show gratitude/be grateful

感激：

【点睛】

[1]Edward’s explanation made his father understand what had happened and he

高分句型

expresd that he couldn’t agree more with him. (whatthat

运用了引导的宾语从句和引导的宾

语从句

)

[2]Holding the books his father gave him in his arms, Edward felt he was the happiest

高分句型

boy in the world.(that/which

运用了现在分词作状语，和省略关系代词引导的定语从句和

that)

引导的宾语从句

答案第12页，共12页