5.Unit 2 Numbers 语法

5. Unit 2 Numbers Grammar

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数词

Date:_______ name:_______

【知识要点】

数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。

一、基数词

1、基数词的表示方法：

A. 从1——10

one，two，three，four，five，six，ven，eight，nine，ten．

B. 从 11——19

eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， venteen，eighteen， nineteen.

注：加粗的单词需特殊记忆，其他的都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。

C. 从 21——99

整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，venty，ninety

都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之

间添加连字符“-”：

21 ：twenty-one 76 ：venty-six

D. 百位数—个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在百位与几十几间加上and．

101：a hundred and one 320 ：three hundred and twenty

648 ：six hundred and forty-eight

E. 千位数以上

从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始，第一个“,”前的数字

后添加 thousand（千），第二个“,”前面的数字后添加 million（百万），第三个“,”前的

数字后添加 billion（十亿）。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位

数形式。英语中没有“万”和“亿”， 在表示“万”和“亿”时，要按十进位法来推算。

2,648 : two thousand six hundred and forty-eight

16,250,064 : sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four

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2、基数词的用法

1）基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，

当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式

出现。如：

Two hundred people are attending the meeting.

There are hundreds of people in the hall．

2）表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。

He became a professor in his thirties． 他三十多岁时成为了教授。

It was in the 1960s． 那是在二十世纪六十年代。

3）基数词的句法功能：基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。

The two happily opened the box．（作主语）

I need three altogether．（作宾语）

Four students are playing volleyball outside．（作定语）

We are sixteen．（作表语）

They three tried to finish the task before sunt．（作同位语）

4）基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可，不需要添

加定冠词。

the first lesson = Lesson One

the fifth page = Page 5（five）

the twenty-first room = Room 21（twenty-one）

5）时刻表示法

A. 表示几点钟用基数词加o’clock,可以省略o’clock

5:00 读作 five o’clock 或 five

B. 表示几点过几分，在分钟后加past，再加小时

five past ven 七点过五分 half past six 六点半

a quarter past eight 八点过一刻 ven past eight 八点过七分

C. 表示几点差几分，在分钟后面加to，再加小时

ten to eight八点差十分（七点五十分）

a quarter to twelve十二点差一刻（十一点四十五分）

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★在日常生活中，常用下列简单方法表示时间，以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字。

6:31 读作 six thirty-one 10:26读作 ten twenty-six

14:03 读作 fourteen o three 16:15 读作 sixteen fifteen

18:30 读作 eighteen thirty 23:55 读作 twenty-three fifty-five

注：时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法，这样就不需要用a.m.表示上午，p.m.

表示下午了。

6）用于加减乘除的数字用基数词。

One plus two is three. 一加二等于三。

Five times six is thirty. 五乘以六等于三十。

7）表示百分数用基数词。 Thirty percent of them is water.

8）表示带有小数的词用基数词。小数点前的整数按基数词的规则表示，小数点写作

point，小数点后的数字应按数字直接表示出来。

18.38 可写成 eighteen point three eight.

9）数词+名词(+形容词)作定语，名词用单数形式。

A twenty-one-year-old girl is behind me.

10）两组与数词有关的介词短语：

(1) in +定冠词the + 数词的复数形式，表示年代。 eg: in the 1870s / 1970s

(2) in +物主代词+数词的复数形式，表示某人的年龄。

in one’s thirties 在某人三十多岁的时候

有时在物主代词后面可加上形容词early 或late 使其含义更确切一些。

The young man is in his early thirties.

11）数词前加every，表达“每一段时间或每隔一段……”

每10天 every ten days 每4周 every four weeks

每隔9天 every ninth day 每隔3周 every third week

二、序数词

1、序数词的构成

A. 序数词多数是由“基数词+th”构成的。 six---sixth

B. 少数序数词的构成属于特殊情况，需特别记忆：one---first; two---cond;

three---third; five---fifth; eight---eighth; nine---ninth; twelve---twelfth.

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C. 以y结尾的十位整数，要将y改成i，再加“-eth”。

thirty---thirtieth; fifty---fiftieth.

D. 对二十以上的非十位整数，要将末尾数改成序数词，其他位数仍用基数词。

thirty-one→thirty-first; one hundred and sixty-three→one hundred and sixty-third.

E. 序数词的缩写形式由“阿拉伯数字和序数词后面的两个字母构成”。

first---1st; cond---2nd ; three---3rd ; fourth---4th .

2、序数词的用法

1）表示分数时，分子用基数词，但分母要用序数词；若分子大于1，分母上的序数

词要用复数形式。

Two fifths of the book are mine. 五分之二的书是我的。

2）序数词主要用作定语、表语，前面要加定冠词the。

The fifth lesson is very easy to learn.

You are the first one I believe.

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【典型例题】

一、选择括号中正确的单词填空。

1. About (four fifths; four fifth) of the books in our school library ______ (is;

are) written in Chine.

2. The boy always stays there for (one and a half hour; one and a half hours).

3. At the age of ______ (thirty; thirtieth), he had his own lab.

4. ______ (Two sons their; Their two sons) are in the army.

5. ______ (Two-fifth; Two-fifths) of the land in that district _______ (is; are) covered with

trees and grass.

6. We all like the boy ______ (of ten years old; of age of ten).

7. Tom was ______ (first; the first) to get to school and I ______ (ninth; the ninth).

8. Every day he begins to do his homework ______ (at ten past ven; until ten).

二、单项选择

9. Every year, _____ people go to visit their factory

A. a thousand of B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of

10. Tom has just finished writing a _________ article.

A. nine-hundred-words B. nine-hundreds-word

C. nine-hundred-word D. nine-hundreds-words

11. Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Bai, there are about _____ workers in it.

A. six thousands B. six thousand C. six thousands of D. six thousand of

12. Tomorrow is the boy’s ________ birthday.

A. venth B. ven C. venteen D. venty

13. people will visit Qinzhou during the 12th Games of Guangxi.

A. Thousand B. Two thousands C. Thousands of D. Thousand of

14. Now, everybody, plea turn to Page ________ and look at the ________picture .

A. Fifth; five B. Five; fifth C. Fifth; fifth D. Five; five

A. thousand B. thousands of C. five thousands D. five thousands of

15. After the Asian Games, ______ people came to Guangzhou for a visit during holidays.

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【随堂小测】

1. Lincoln was born on ________.

A. February 12th , 1809 B. 1809, February 12th

C. 1809, 12th February D. February 1809,12th

2. A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.

A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-years-old D. fifth years old

3. An hour later, _____ minister was nt to e the “magic cloth” woven by tho two

men.

A. two B. the cond C. the two D. cond

4. Abraham Lincoln was _______ President of the United States.

A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th

5. Do you think there is any room for us ________ ?

A. two B. the two C. cond D. the cond

6. How many students are there in your class? ________.

A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties

7. Which number is wrong? _______.

A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth

8. The number 4,123 is read _______.

A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three

B. four thousand and one hundred twenty-three

C. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three

D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three

9. The old professor still works hard though he is _________.

A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty

10. The basketball team of our school ranks ________ in the match.

A. three B. third C. the three D. the third

11. Which is the car that he drives? It's ________.

A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car

12. How many new words are there in ________ lesson?

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There are only _________.

A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five

13. ________, Coca-Cola began to enter China's market.

A. In 1970's B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s' D. In the 1970s

14. Which room do you live in? ________.

A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201's Room

15. This classroom is ________ ours.

A. three times big as B. as three times big as

C. three times as big as D. as big three times as

【强化训练】

1. Which of the following is wrong? ________.

A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15.

C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.

2. The People's Liberation Army was founded _______.

A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August

C. on August 1st , 1927 D. in August 1st , 1927

3. Our school is not very big. There are only ________ students.

A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred

C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of

4. Today is the first day and ________.

A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth

C. cond is Tuesday D. a cond is Thursday

5. There was no bus in that small town. We had a ________.

A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk

C. ten mile's walk D. tenth mile walk

6.―Food Safety has become one of the hottest topics recently.

—Yeah, it receives ______ Internet hits (点击) a day.

A. thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. ten thousands

7. of our classmates are good at basketball.

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A. Three quarters B. Three fourth C. Third four D. Three fourth

8. — What day is it today?

—It’s Monday, and it’s my birthday.

A. fifteen B. fifteenth C. the fifteen D. the fifteenth

9.— of volunteers will be needed for 2014 International Horticulture Exposition in

Qingdao.

—Let’s go and ______ them.

A. Thousands, join B. Thousand, be a member of

C. Three thousand, take part in D. Thousands, be in

10. Unit ______ is easy but ______ unit is difficult.

A. Sixth; ven B. Six; ven C. Sixth; the venth D. Six; the venth

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