高中英语语法复习数词

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高中英语语法复习数词
2023年11月12日发(作者:吉他品牌十大排名)

高中英语语法复习数词

英语语法复习之数词

高考重点要求:

1.掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、

年龄、序号的基本用法。

2.掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。

数词在各个题项中,单选、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作

用,往往用以说明事实的精确性和可信性。数词是由两大部分构成的

即基数词和序数词,而其他数字表示法如分数,小数等均由这两大部

分的不同组合而构成。

()基数词:表示数目的词为基数词.

1~12无规律one, two, three, four, five, six, ven, eight, nine,

ten, eleven, twelve

13~19teen为结尾thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,

venteen, eighteen, nineteen

20~90ty结尾twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, venty, eighty,

ninety

21~99十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”twenty-five, sixty-five,

ninety-nine

101~999andthree hundred and

twenty-five(美语中常将and省略)

6275six thousand two hundred and venty-

five;1200twelve hundred

()序数词:表示顺序的数词为序数词.

1~19各基数词尾加th其中七个例外:first, cond, third, fifth,

eighth, ninth, twelfth, four forth, six sixth,

nineteen nineteenth

20,30~90yi后加eth twentieth, fortieth, ninetieth

21以后多位数最后一个数用序数词,其余用基数词21st

twenty-first, 110th one hundred and tenth

()分数:由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词,分母用序数词,

分子大于1,分母的序数词要用复数形式。

One third; two thirds; a half; two and two-fifths

(四)数词的用法:

1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、等。

2001.6.30:June 30,2001; 30June,2001 ;30thJune, 2001

725: ven twenty-five ; twenty-five past even

12:54:twelve fifty four; six to one

21:twenty-first ; 123:one hundred and twenty-third

20%: 20 percent

第七路公共汽车Bus Number Seven

201房间Room 201

人民路153153 Renmin Road

A>B:A is more than B.

2.不定数量词“多”的表示法。

被修饰名词的数英语表达汉译

修饰可数名词dozens of 几十、许多,scores of 许多,many, a

good(great) many, many a ()

hundreds of 数以百计, thousands of ,成千上万,millions of 数百

万,billions of 亿万

修饰不可数名词much , a great (good)deal of ,a large amount

of ,large amounts of 许多、大量修饰可数名词或不可数名词a lot of

/lots of ,plenty ofa large quantity of , large quantities of 许多、

大量

练习一

1. Two __died of cold last winter.

A. hundreds old people

B. hundred old people

C. hundreds old peoples

D. hundred old peoples

D. two days or one

8. He cut the cake__ .

C. at 18 percent

D. for 18 percent

14. South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the

earth__ water.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

15. They sold __boxes of such sweets last week.

A. four dozen

B. four dozens

C. four dozens of

D. four dozen of

练习二

A. at one time

B. at once

C. one time

D. once

20. He has__ books in his study.

A. veral thousands

B. some thousands of

C. some thousands

D. some thousand of

21. On National day__ people take part in all kinds of

celebration.

A. hundreds of millions of

25. It was in__ when he was already in ___ that he went to

Yan'an.

A. the 1940s, the 40s

B. the 1940s, his forties

C. 1940's, his forties

D. the 1940's, his 40s

26. He went to the market and bought __eggs and some

meat.

A. three dozen of

B. three dozen

C. three dozens

D. three dozens of

y after the accident two ___police were nt to the

spot to keep order.

A. hundreds old people

B. hundred old people

C. hundred old peoples

D. hundred old peoples

英语语法复习之介词PrepositionPrep.

一、定义:用在n.(或相当于n.的其它词类、短语或从句)之前,

说明其与句子中另一成分的关系的词,又称前置词。

二、分类:3

1.简单介词(Simple Prepositions

e.g. about, above, behind, besides, down, during, in, near,

round, since, towards, with

2.复合介词(Compound Prepositions

e.g. from among, from behind, from under, inside, outside,

within, without, into, onto, out of, upon, throughout

3.短语介词(Phrasal Prepositions

e.g. according to, apart from(除……之外), as a result of, as

for/to(至于,关于),

becau of, due to(由于), in addition to(除……之外,不但

= besides, in front of,

in spite of(尽管), instead of, owing to(由于)

三、常见简单介词的基本用法

1.表示地点位置的介词

1)at ,in, on, tofor

at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近,旁边”

in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。

on 表示毗邻,接壤,“在……上面”。

to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤;或“到……”

2)above, over, on 在……上

above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对;

over指垂直的上方,under相对,over与物体有一定的空间,

不直接接触。

on表示某物体上面并与之接触。

The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the

river.

He put his watch on the desk.

3)below, under 在……下面

under表示在…正下方; below表示在……下,不一定在正下方

There is a cat under the table.

Plea write your name below the line.

4)in front of, in the front of在……前面

in front of…意思是“在……前面”,指甲物在乙物之前,两者互

不包括;其反义词是behind (在……的后面)。

There are some flowers in front of the hou.(房子前面有些花

卉。)

in the front of 意思是“在…..的前部”,即甲物在乙物的内部.

义词是at the back of…(在……范围内的后部)。

There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.

我们的教室前边有一块黑板。

Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom.

我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里)

5besidebehind

beside 表示在……旁边; behind 表示在……后面

2.表示时间的介词

1)in , onat 在……时

in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般

(非特指)的早、中、晚等。

in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in

January, in the morning, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。

on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。

on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold

night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。

at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。

at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end

of …, at the age of …, at Christmas,at night, at noon, at this

moment等。

注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介

词。如:We meet every day.

2)in, after 在……之后

“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后;

“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;

“after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。

3)from, since 自从……

from仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久;

since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。

since表示"自(某具体时间)以来",常用作完成时态谓语的时间状语。

since liberation1980)自从解放(1980年)以来They have

been clo friends since childhood.他们从小就是好朋友。(1

since the war是指"自从战争结束以来",若指"自从战争开始以来"

须说"since the beginning of the war"

2)不要将sinceafter混淆。

比较:He has worked here since 1965.(指一段时间,强调时

间段)

He began to work here after 1965.(指一点时间,强调时间

点)

4)after, behind 在……之后

after主要用于表示时间;

behind主要用于表示位置。

时间名词前介词用法口诀

年前周前要用in 具体日子要用on 遇到几号也用on 上午下午得是

in

要说某日上下午用onin记清楚午夜黄昏用at 黎明用它也不错

at用在时分前说“差”可要用上to "''要用past

3.表示运动方向的介词:

across, through 通过,穿过; across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,

on有关,为二维through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关,为

三维。

4.表示“在……之间”的介词:

between, among

between指在两个人或两个事物之间;

among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。

5.表示其他意义的介词

1)on ,about 关于

on 表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专

门研究这一问题的人阅读;about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。

2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具

by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;

with 表示用…工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段;

in 表示用…方式,用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;

3)except, besides 除了

except 除……之外,不包括在内;

besides 除……之外,包括在内。

Except for Mr. Wang, we went to e the film.(王先生没去)

Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to e the film.(王先生也去了)

其它常用介词

介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小,但它们的用法却非常灵活,复杂。

下列为常用介词及含义: 1about 关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.

I have bought a book about Shakespearean.我买了一本有关莎

士比亚的书。

2above ....,高出,以上,超过,...上游.

The plane is flying above the clouds.飞机在云上飞行。

3across 横过,对面,交叉,...的对面.

Can you swim across the river?你能游过河吗?

4after ...后面,依照.

He went home after school.他放学后就回家了。

5against 撞到,靠着,反对,违背,

The car hit against the tree.汽车撞了树。

6along 沿着,顺着.

They are walking along the river.他们沿着河行走。

7among ...当中.(三者或三者以上)

He is the tallest among them.他是他们当中个子最高的。

8around ...的周围,...那一边.

They sat around the table talking the news.他们绕桌而坐谈论

新闻。

9as 作为.

He doesn't like people treat him as a child.他不喜欢人们把他

当小孩子对待。

10at ...时刻,...点钟,...岁时, 向,在...之中,按...速度,

()..., ...(强调地点)He always gets up at six in the morning.

他时常早上六点钟起床。

He shot at the bird but misd it.他向鸟射击,但是没射中。

The car goes at eighty miles an hour.汽车以每小时八十公里的

速度行驶。

11before ...的前面(位置),...之前(时间)

He took a picture before the car.他在汽车前照了张照片。

12behind ...的后面(位置), 落后于,不如4after ...后面,

依照,

Are there any brooms behind the door.门后有扫帚吗?

13below ...之下,低于,

There are four lights below the ceiling.天花板下面有四盏灯。

14beside ...的旁边,...之外,...相比.

He found the body beside the river.他在河边发现了尸体。

15besides ...之外, 还有...

We are all here besides Bowe.除鲍外,我们也都来了。

16between ...两者之间,

He sits between you and me.他坐在你我之间。

17beyond ...那边,

The shop you are looking for is beyond the street, you can't

miss it.你要找的商店在街的那边,你不会找不到的。

18but 除去.

He has nothing but money.他除钱以外什么都没有。

19by ..., ...的近旁, ...之前, 不迟于, ...为手段。

The classroom was cleaned by the students.教室由学生们打扫

干净了。

20down 沿着...望下。

She walked down the street.她沿着街道走。

21during ...期间,...时候。

During the holiday, we went to the south.我们假期去了南方。

22except ...之外。

He knows nothing except English.他除英语以外什么都不知道。

23for ..., 因为..., 至于...

He works for this company.他为这家公司工作。

24from ..., 来自..., 因为...

Where are you from?你是哪里人?

He died from an accident.他死于一场事故。

25in ..., ...之内,从事于..., 按照..., 穿着...

He was born in 1992.他生于1992年。

I could finish the program in two weeks.我可以用两周时间完

成这个项目。

He spend less time in reading.他读书时间很少。

The man in black jacket is our teacher.穿黑夹克的那个人是我

们的老师。

26like ...,如同...

The twins are like their father.双胞胎像他们的父亲。

27near 靠近....

There are some flowers near the hou.房子附近有一些花。

28of ...的,属于...

This is a map of China.这是一张中国地图。

29until 直到,在...以前,

Plea wait for us until we come back.请等着我们回来。

30on ...之上。

My book is on the table.我的书在桌子上。

31out of ...出来,在...之外。

The dog run out of the hou.狗从房子里跑出来。

32outside ... 外边.

They are waiting outside the gate.他们在门外等着。

33over ...之上,遍于...之上,越过...

There is a light over the desk.桌子上方有盏灯。

He is over sixty years old.他有六十多岁。

34past 越过...,过...,超越...

The students walked past the post office.学生们走过了邮局。

It is ten past two.现在是两点十分。

35round 围着...,绕过...,在...周围。

We sat round the table.我们围着桌子坐下。

The earth goes round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

36since ... 以后,自...以来。

He has made great progress in English since he came into

the college.从他来到大学后,他的英语有了很大进步。

37through 经过...,穿过...。(立体层面)

They went through the forest.他们穿过了森林。

38throughout 遍及...,在各处。

The police arched for the criminal throughout the

mountain.警察搜山寻找犯人。

39till 直到...,在...以前。

He didn't come back till eleven o'clock.他直到十一点钟才回来。

We'll be home till six.六点以前我们都会在家。

40to ...,向...,趋于。

How long is it from here to the station?从这儿到车站有多远?

41under ...之下,低于。

There are some footballs under the bed.床底下有几颗足球。

练习题

areas, _______ their vere weather conditions, are

hardly populated.

A but for

B in spite of

C due to

D with regard to

2. Visitors are asked to comply ______ the regulations.

A at

B in

C with

D on

______ so much work that he couldn’t really do it

efficiently.

A put on

B took on

C brought on

D turned on

4. In order to save time, I ______ my shopping to once a week.

A cut off

B cut out

C cut up

D cut down

5. The idea has ______ that science cannot be wrong.

A piled up

B picked up

C grown up

D put up

6. He did everything he could to prevent if from ______ into

fighting.

A breaking off

B breaking up

C breaking out

C. in

D. by

10. Your performance in the driving test didn’t teach the

required standard, ____, you failed.

A. in the end

B. after all

C. in other words

D. at the same time

11. Why don’t they build a new road that goes____ the town?

A. to

B. through

A. to have found

B. with finding

C. to find

D. in finding

16. If you keep on, you’ll succeed_____.

A. in time

B. at one time

C. at the same time

D. on time

17. We offered him out congratulations_____ his passing the

college entrance exams.

A. at

B. on

C. for

D. of

18. ----How long has this bookshop been in business?

D. beside

数词答案:1.B

2. C 表示"几十"的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的

年龄,本句为"二十多岁"

3.C 定冠词"the"和数的复数形式在一起表示年代。

4.D 序数词前面加不定冠词表示"又一次"(已经四次了)

5.A 这里"first"有人说起副词作用,可以看成表语,也可以看做一

"取得第一名"的习惯用法。

6.D 序数词和名词共同构成的专有名词还可以是thc Second

World War的形式。

7.C 只有C项为正确的表达方式,或者也可以写成"one or two

days".再如:one hour and a half one and a half hours.

8.B "in half"表示"分成一样大小的两半"。也可以说"cut…in two"

9.B 再如twice the height(depthwidthweightetc.)of

10.D either…or…连接主语用就近原则。be to hand out the

prizes意为"要颁发奖品"

11.答案为B。百分比作修饰语,前面不加冠词且不能加复数。

12.答案为B。分数做定语,分子用基数词,分母为序数词,当分

子大于1时,分母用复数,本题中,其它表达方式均不正确。

13.答案为A。表增加或减少的数量的百分比,用by+百分数表示。

14.答案为A。不可数的名词的百分比用单数;可数名词的百分比则

用复数。C项时态不对,另如:90 percent of the population here

are peants.这个句子中population的意思是people.

15.答案为A"dozen"与数词或manyveral等词连用时复数

一般不加s,故BC两项不选。此外,dozen与数词连用做定语,一

of.Place them in dozens on the

表数量很多。Two dozen of the are

后面有of因为有限定词thethe 等。Dozens of people were

of也表示"很多"

16.答案为B"半打"的表达方式一定要用"hall a dozen"

17.答案为Bscore做定语修饰名词用a(three)score of,而不用

复数形式;常用"scores of"为其复数形式,意为"大量",但有:three

score and tena score or more

18.答案为B"hall"起副词作用,修饰过去分词"done",因为这

个过去分词表状态,故"half"应在"done"前。再如:well donewell

known,不用a half修饰done,故不选CB两项。

19.B意为"同时",不是"立刻"

20.B

2l.A 如:tens of thousands of(小数在前,大数在后)thousands

and thonsands of(两数一样大)

22.B 居住的门牌号用介词at+号数+街道名"

23.A

24.答案为D"walk"作为名词,常与不定冠词连用。注意:在表

数量的合成词中,名词部分为单数,如:a two-year-old boy.

25.答案为B"20世纪40年代",必须有定冠词"the".此外,

年代后要加'ss"他已经40多岁了"要用in his forties

26.答案为Bdozen与数词或多或少veral, many连用时,复

数不加sdozens of表示数量很多,在修饰有thethe等词限定

的名词时,可用dozen of的形式。如:three dozen of the eggs.

27.C 28.A 29.C 30.B

介词答案与解析(部分)

1---7(略)

8. 答案是DAB与句意完全不符,put up 意为“举起”,

give in 意为“让步”。C项意为“开灯”,与该句意思相反。D项意

stop burning or shining, 正适合句意。

9. 答案是C。本题考查bed 一词与什么介词搭配。“在床上”应

in bed

10. 答案是C。本题考查对几个介词短语的辨析。A项意为最后,

B项意为毕竟,D项意为同时,这三项均不符合句意。C项意为换言之

正合题意。

11. 答案是D. 本题考查对这几个介词的辨析。AC明显不符合

题意。through通常是指通过某个空间,如go through a tunnel (通

过隧道),因此C项也不合题意。

12. 答案是C. with 可表示原因,意为“因”、“由于”。

13. 答案是A. Look on 意为“旁观”,look into 意为“调查”,

look up 意为“抬头看”,这几个选项均不符合题意。

14. 答案是C。本题考查对表示时间的介词短语的掌握。in 与一段

时间连用表示“…….之内”或“……之后”。after与一段时间连用通常

用于过去时。

15. 答案是D 如果能掌握have trouble in doing something

一句型,就知道答案了。

16. 答案是A. 本题考查对介词短语的辨析能力。in time 除了意为

“及时”外,还可为“迟早”、“总有一天”,相当于sooner or

later/someday.

17. 答案是B. 本题考查对介词与名词搭配的掌握。表示“向某人

祝贺谋事”、常用的句型是offer somebody congratulations on

something or doing something

18. 答案是D。问句使用现在完成时,只有since 才能与之搭配。

19. 答案是C.

20. 答案是C. 本题考查对习惯用语的掌握,help onelf to 是固

定搭配。

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高中英语语法复习数词

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