英语四级翻译

中国扇子

中国扇子的历史可以追溯到3000多年前的商朝(the Shang Dynasty)。第一种

扇子叫作“扇汗”(Shanhan),是拴在马车上用来 挡住强烈的阳光，给乘客遮雨的。

“扇汗”有点像现在的雨伞。后来 “扇汗”变成了由薄但是结实的丝绸或者鸟

的羽毛做成的长柄扇，称 为中山扇(Zhangshan fan),它主要用于皇帝的仪仗

(honour guard)装饰。

The history of Chine fan can be dated to over 3,000 years ago，around the Shang

Dynasty. The first type of fan, known as Shanhan, was tied to a hor-drawn carriage

to shut out the strong sunshine and shelter the pasngers from the rainfall. The

Shanhan was a bit like today’s umbrella. Later this Shanhan became a long-handled

fan made of thin and tough silk or birds5 feathers, called a Zhangshan fan, which was

mainly ud by the emperor’s honour guard as decoration.

中国贸易

对于世界上很多国家来说，中国正迅速成为他们最重要的双边 (bilateral)贸

易伙伴。然而，中国和世界其他国家之间贸易不平衡的 问题已经引发了关注。

尤其是美国对中国的贸易赤字是最大的，达 到了 3150亿美元，这个数字是十

年前的三倍还多。贸易纠纷(trade dispute)也越来越多，主要是关于倾销(dumping)、

知识产权和人民币的估价。

For many countries around the world, China is rapidly becoming their most

important bilateral trade partner. However，there have been concerns over large trade

imbalances between China and the rest of the world. The US in particular has the

largest trade deficit in the world with China at $315 billion, more than three times

what it was a decade ago. There have also been a growing number of trade disputes

brought against, mainly for dumping, intellectual property and the valuation of the

yuan.

法定假日

中国人民依法享受超过115天的假期，其中包括104天的周 末和11

天的节假日。中国一年中有7个法定假日，包括元旦(New Year’s Day),春节(Spring

Festival),清明节(Qingming Festival), 五一劳动节(May Day)，端午节(Dragon Boat

Festival),中秋节(Mid- Autumn Day)和国庆节(National Day)。员工有5至15天的

带薪年假。学生和老师有大约三个月的寒暑假。在中国，暑假_般约在7月1 日

开始，8月31日左右结束，寒假是根据春节的日期，通常是在1 月或2月。

Chine people legally enjoy over 115 days off including 104 days of

weekends and 11 days of festivals. China has ven legal holidays in a year，including

New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, May Day, Dragon Boat

Festival, Mid-Autumn Day and National Day. Employees have 5 to 15 days of paid

annual leave. Students and teachers have summer and winter vacations for about three

months. The summer vacation in China generally starts around July 1st and ends

around August 31st，and the winter vacation usually falls on January or February

according to the date of the Spring Festival.

毕业生过剩

2008全球经济衰退导致中国的新毕业生的就业市场显著下降。 2009年

毕业的学生将加入到2008年毕业仍在找工作的300万学生 之中。毕业生过剩

(glut)也可以归因于大学入学率的提高和教育机构 的增加。虽然大学的学生人数

增加了，但是他们的质量并没有明显 地提高。在大多数情况下，毕业生无法在

2008年找到合适的就业机 会是因为他们没有行业所需的技能。

The 2008 global recession resulted in a significant drop in the job market

for China’s new graduates. Students graduating in 2009 will join around three million

students who graduated in 2008 and are still eking job opportunities. The graduate

glut can also be attributed to a ri in the number of college enrollments and

educational institutions. Although the number of college students has incread, there

has not been any significant improvement in their quality. In most cas, graduates

were unable to find suitable employment in 2008 becau they did not have the skills

required by the industry.

筷子

说到筷子(chopsticks)的起源，中国是世界上第一个使用筷子的 国家，

用筷子吃饭已经有至少3000年的历史了。筷子看起来很简单， 只有两根小细棒，

但它有很多功能，比如挑选，移动，夹，搅拌或 者挖。此外，它便于使用，价

格便宜。而且筷子也是世界上独有的 餐具(tableware)。使用複子的人，无论是中

国人还是外国人，都无不钦佩筷子的发明者。

As the origin of chopsticks, China is the first country in the world to u

chopsticks and has a history of at least 3,000 years to have meals with chopsticks.

Chopsticks ems quite simple with only two small and thin sticks, but it is in

posssion of many functions, such as picking, moving, nipping, mixing and digging;

moreover，it is convenient for u and cheap in price. Besides, chopsticks are also

unique tableware in the world. Anyone using chopsticks，no matter Chine or

foreigners, would without exception admire the inventor of chopsticks.

中国经济活动放缓

就像向中国出售商品的公司会看到收益有损失一样，中国经济 活动放缓

有着世界性的影响。包括澳大利亚、巴西和东南亚在内的 其他国家近年来都看

到了巨大的利润，因为中国对自然资源有需求。 中国的需求下降巳经对很多商

品的价格有了影响。上周，中国财政 部长楼继伟表示,今年的经济增长可能为7%,

而这不一定是“底线”。

A slowdown in economic activity in China has a global impact as

companies that ll to China may e revenues suffer. Countries includ¬ing Australia,

Brazil and others in South East Asia have en huge profits in recent years becau of

Chine demand for natural resources. The fall in demand from China has already had

an impact on the prices of many commodities. Last week，China’s Finance Minister

Lou Jiwei indicated that economic growth could be 7% for the year, and that this may

not be the “bottom line”.

保健食品

中国的保健食品(health food)市场首次出现于20世纪80年代。 保健食

品是指具有特定保健功能或补充维生素或矿物质的食品。保 健食品适用于特定

人群消费，具有调节人体功能的效果，但不用于 治疗疾病的目的。保健食品有

两种。一种是具有特定保健功能的食品， 另外一种是营养补充剂。

China’s health food market first emerged in the 1980s. Health food refers to

food products which claim to have specific health functions or supplement one’s

vitamins or minerals. Health food is suitable for the consumption by specific groups

of people and has the effect of regulating human body functions, but is not ud for

the purpo of treating dias. There are two kinds of health food. One is food with

specific health func¬tions, the other is nutritional supplements.

中国人均GDP

自从1978年经济改革以来，中国已经完成了从中央计划经济 (centrally

planned economy)向市场经济(market bad economy)的转变。超过6亿人已经脱

离了贫困，但是仍然有超过1.7亿人生活在 国际贫困线以下 天少于1.25美元。

2012年，中国的人均GDP 为12405.67美元，这是30年前的37倍。到2018年，

中国的人均 GDP将从世界第90位上升到第75位。然而，这仍然是低于预计的

世界平均水平。

Since initiating market reforms in 1978，China has shifted from a centrally

planned to a market bad economy. More than 600 million citizens have been lifted

out of poverty, but over 170 million people still live below the $1.25-a-day

international poverty line. In 2012, China’s GDP (PPP) per capita was $12,405.67.

This is 37 times higher than what it was just 30 years ago. By 2018，China’s GDP per

capita will climb from the 90th to 75th highest in the world. This however will still be

below the forecasted world average.

台风“潭美”

星期四这天，围观者们聚集在一起观看暴风的时候，台风“潭美”

(Typhoon Trami)引发的60英尺高的海水，在海宁市附近的海岸 突然落下。当时

并没有立刻弄清楚人们伤势有多严重，也没有任何 死亡的报告。这场台风是由

于浙江省东部的暴雨和时速80英里的风 引起的，它迫使40万人离开家园，造

成了数百万美元的损失。

The 60-foot wall of water — triggered by Typhoon Trami — crashed on

the shore near the city of Haining，where onlookers gathered to watch the storm on

Thursday. It was not immediately clear how bad the people were injured. There were

no reports of any deaths. The typhoon — which caud heavy rain and 80-mph

winds along the eastern Zhejiang Province — forced over 400,000 people to be

evacuated from their homes and caud millions of dollars of damage.

中国肥胖问题

国家体育总局(the General Administration of Sport)在一项调查中 发现，

自2010年以来，20-39岁的中国人体重增加更多——1.9千克。 这个年龄段中超

过11%的人属于肥胖，这在三年的时间里就上涨了 两个百分点。

China’s young adults are gaining more weight and exercising less than their

elders. Chine from ages 20 to 39 have put on more kilograms — 1.9 kg ——than

other adults since 2010，the General Administration of Sport found in a survey. More

than 11% from the age group were obe, up two percentage points in only three

years.

信用卡

信用卡(credit card)是银行所创造出来的最便捷同时也是最危险 的信用

工具。通过信用卡，人们可以先用银行付账的方式购买那些 负担不起的物品，

同时，银行也将对此征收比_般贷款要高的利率 (interest rate)。遗憾的是，信用

卡现巳成为资本主义体制(capitalist system)的重要组成部分，而该体制就得依赖

消费(consumption)的持 续增长。

Credit cards are one of the most convenient devices ever cre ated by the

banking system but, at the same time, one of the most danger¬ous. They allow people

to buy things they，otherwi, couldn’t afford， with money created by the banks and,

charged out at much higher interest rates than normal loans. Unfortunately, credit

cards have become an es¬ntial part of the capitalist system which only survives on

the continued growth in consumption.

茶

中国是茶的故乡。据说早在五六千年前，中国就有了茶树(tea- shrub),而

且有关茶树的人类文明可以追溯到两千年前。来自中国的 茶和丝绸、瓷器

(porcelain)—样，在1000年前为世界所知，而且一 直是中国重要的出口产品。

目前世界上40多个国家种植茶，其中亚 洲国家的产量占世界总产量的90%。其

他国家的茶树都直接或间接 地起源于中国。

China is the homeland of tea. It is believed that China has tea- shrubs as

early as five to six thousand years ago，and human cultivation of teaplants can date

back two thousand years. Tea from China，along with her silk and porcelain, began to

be known the world over more than a thousand years ago and has since always been

an important Chine export. At prent more than forty countries in the world grow

tea with Asian countries producing 90% of the world’s total output. All tea trees in

other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China.