2021年北京市西城区高考英语二模试卷

2021年北京市西城区高考英语二模试卷

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15

分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．（15分）Chad Turns delivers for UPS in the small town of Dauphin， and is beloved by his

customers. As en in a video posted to Facebook， when Turns drove into a parking lot for

what he thought was a（1） up on Tuesday， he was greeted instead by a dozen residents

clapping and yelling，（2）" ， Chad!" Turns was so overcome with emotion that he pulled

out his handkerchief to wipe his（3） .

"Turns is well﹣known for his thoughtfulness and（4） ，" resident Jenny Shickley

said，adding that he often leaves treats for their dogs when delivering packages. She organized

the special event after people commented in a group Facebook post about what a（an）（5）

job Turns was doing.

She raid ＄1，000 for Turns in two weeks in the small town. The group gave him the

generous gift with a large card signed by members of the（6） . Jenny said Turns had taken

care of them for a year and they wanted to take care of him.

"It is（7） that this community feels so strongly about me，" Turns told the reporter.

He said all UPS drivers derve to be thanked in this way. He also added that he will pay it（8）

by continuing to provide the good rvice that he is known for.

"Chad is a great UPSer，" UPS spokesperson Jackie Fajt said in a statement. "Celebrations

like this really highlight the（9） our drivers have with their customer ba. We appreciate

that UPS drivers like Chad are being（10） for how they are moving our world forward."

（1）A. pick B. check C. warm D. move

（2）A. Watch out B. Thank you C. Cheer up D. Help us

（3）A. eyes B. no C. mouth D. hands

（4）A. determination B. courage C. patience D. kindness

（5）A. new B. easy C. good D. uful

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（6）A. class B. company C. family D. community

（7）A. surprising B. touching C. interesting D. challenging

（8）A. out B. down C. forward D. off

（9）A. bond B. problem C. lesson D. word

（10）A. attracted B. recognized C. encouraged D. adopted

第二节 语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的

正确形式填空。

2．（15分）

A

One day， a man found the pupa （蛹） of a butterfly.（1） （e） an opening

in the pupa， he realized that the butterfly was ready to emerge. So he sat down and watched as

the butterfly struggled to force its body（2） the little hole. However，minutes

pasd and the butterfly still couldn't get out. The struggle was too hard for its weak body. The

man then（3） （kind） enlarged the hole in the pupa so that the butterfly could

finally break free. But instead of flying away，it just dragged itlf around weakly，then died.

The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the butterfly's survival（4）

it enabled its wings and body to grow strong. Without the struggle， it was too weak to live.

B

Smartphones have become an esntial part of our daily lives. However，（5）

（protect）younger students' eyesight and make sure they focus on their studies， primary and

middle schools will have more specific rules to limit students' mobile phone u on campus.

The Ministry of Education（6） （relea） a notice in January that restricts

primary and middle school students from carrying mobile phones to school. Tho who still

require their phones for some reason must get their parents' and teachers' approval and must

hand their phones over during class time.

The policy aims to improve students' focus on study and fight for（7）

（addict） to the internet and games.

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C

Microplastics，referring to plastic fragments and particles（碎片和微粒）less than 5

millimeters in diameter（直径），have been found on Mount Qomolangma as high as 8，440

meters above a level，just 408.86 meters below the peak of the mountain，according to a

recent study published in the journal One Earth. Scientists collected snow and water samples

from 19 different（8） （spot）. They found microplastics in all the water samples

and part of the snow samples. The most（9） （pollute） sample was from the Ba

Camp in Nepal，（10） most human activity on the mountain is concentrated. It

had 79 particles of microplastics per liter （升）of snow.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共4小题；每小题7.5分，共28分）阅读

下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。

3．（6分）Iceland has long been identified as having unique environments. Here you can walk and

swim between tectonic（地壳构造的） plates， bath in geothermal waters， and experience

the wild landscapes. Furthermore， the unique environments have attracted the space﹣

science community to u Iceland as one of its test sites for missions travelling to Mars（火星）.

DAY 1

Arrive in Reykjavik.

After check﹣in，you will visit the geothermal pools of the Blue Lagoon to relax after

your flight，before returning to your hotel to freshen up. You will then head to the Aurora

Bacamp Obrvatory，where you will be able to e the northern lights recreated indoors. In

the evening， space expert Niamh Shaw will give the first of two talks on our attempt to

establish bas on other planets.

DAY 2

After breakfast， you will t out on special vehicles towards Þingvellir National Park， a

registered UNESCO world heritage （遗产） site accompanied by Niamh. Here， you will

have the opportunity to do something that you can't do anywhere el， the opportunity to

swim between the tectonic plates. In the evening， you will enjoy a cond talk from Niamh.

DAY 3

Today you begin your journey towards the 2020 NASA test site， where the NASA

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SAND_E Mars Rover is being tested. NASA scientists will be on hand to explain the project，

along with updates of the current Mars missions and the most recent findings.

DAY 4

In 2019， Iceland Space Agency hosted the ISAGEVR1 Expedition to Grimsvötn Volcano

on top of the Vatnajökull Glacier （冰川） to field test the MS1 Mars Analog Spacesuit

designed by the NASA/Johnson space centre. We will be working together with the agency to

create a unique experience for you today on the glacier.

DAY 5

In the afternoon， you will reach the bridge between the continents， spanning a gap in

between the two tectonic plates， on your way to Keflavik Airport and your evening flight

home.

（1）Who would be most interested in this travel arrangement to Iceland？

A. Fiction writers.

B. Space enthusiasts.

C. Wildlife protectors.

D. Professional swimmers.

（2）Which days include chances to experience something about Mars？

A. Day 1 and Day 2.

B. Day 2 and Day 3.

C. Day 3 and Day 4.

D. Day 4 and Day 5.

（3）Which of the following can best promote this tour？

A. "We hope to offer you a great opportunity to enjoy hiking."

B. "We will let you explore how NASA is a part of everyday life."

C. "We want to help you discover space science through the joy of travel."

D. "We will provide you a chance to experience the culture near the Arctic Circle."

4．（6分）Sawyer Current's first visit to Isla Mujeres， a small island off the coast of Cancun，

Mexico， was meant to be a getaway. But instead of relaxing on white sand beaches，Current

was disappointed at the number of unwanted animals wandering the streets. "Dogs were

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everywhere，coming out of the bushes and along the sides of the road，" she recalls of that trip

25 years ago. "They were dirty and covered with fleas（跳蚤）and scars." "It was sad，" she says.

"I just couldn't stand to watch it."

Current decided to help fix it. She built a cond home on Isla Mujeres in 2000， and

beginning with a skinny， toothless cat she rescued from the streets， she went on to find

homes for more than 2，000 dogs and cats. Today， thanks to Current's efforts， the island no

longer has a wild﹣dog problem， and "people are more aware of their pets' needs，" says

Marcelino Velazquez， 34， a property manager from Isla Mujeres. "They vaccinate（打疫苗）

them and don't abandon them on the streets. The way of thinking has changed."

For Current，it was a hard﹣fought transformation. "At first I was angry and thought it

was horrible，" Current says of the conditions on the island when she began her work. "But

the weren't bad people. They were people without resources." When she first arrived，the

community had no small﹣animal vet（兽医），and animal control consisted of a team of

government workers who'd round up street dogs in a truck and kill them. "I ud to follow the

truck， and when they'd go for lunch， I'd let the dogs out，" she says. "One time I let the air

out of their tires（轮胎）."

At one point she was caring for more than 65 rescued dogs in her home，and she estimates

she has spent about ＄1 million of her own savings on her efforts. "It was exhausting，" she

admits. Now Isla Animals has an on﹣site shelter with a small staff，and many volunteers and

donors among the island's tourists. Each year the group re﹣homes more than 170 pets，many

of which fly with volunteers to families in the U.S. and Canada.

"There's nothing in the world like finding a starving dog，nursing it back to good health

and finding it a loving home，" Current says.

（1）What made Current feel disappointed with the island？

A. Incts biting people.

B. People without resources.

C. Hous in poor conditions.

D. Animals abandoned in the streets.

（2）Why did Current follow the truck and let the air out of its tires？

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A. To show the local people how to solve their problems.

B. To draw public attention to what she was doing.

C. To stop the workers from killing the animals.

D. To help the government punish bad people.

（3）Which of the following words can best describe Current？

A. Loving.

B. Ambitious.

C. Intelligent.

D. Cautious.

5．（8分）Urban planners may soon have a new way to measure traffic jams. By putting in the

different routes by which vehicles can travel between locations， rearchers have developed a

new computer algorithm（运算法则） that helps quantify regions of jams in urban areas and

suggests ways around them.

The study， published in the Journal of Physics： Complexity， ud traffic speeds from

taxis in New York City to demonstrate how road infrastructure （基础设施） and driver

behavior can create complex road networks that differ among cities.

The team approached the issue by designing a computer algorithm to capture the topology

﹣or relationship between the different routes between locations﹣of road networks. "We found

that the most significant traffic bottlenecks in Manhattan em to ari as a result of the city's

structural layout，" said study co﹣author Daniel Carmody. "For example， the fact that a

bridge enters Manhattan at a range where traffic is already limited due to Central Park slows

traffic in the area considerably."

The rearchers performed a comparative analysis using traffic patterns in Chengdu，

China， to test if the algorithm works equally well in areas with different layouts. Manhattan

has a long and thin structure， while Chengdu is round. There are significant differences in the

way traffic moves between the two different tups， the rearchers said.

"The bottlenecks in Chengdu em to ari due to the function of the buildings in a

particular area，" Carmody said. "For example， it is hard to travel in and out of the central

business district in Chengdu becau of the large amount of traffic alone. Beltways， or faster

streets around busy areas， have emerged in circles around this area， which is not surprising

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becau this feature was intentionally built into the city."

In Manhattan， the bridges and underpass that form the entry and exit points cau

traffic slowdowns. However， in lower Manhattan， where drivers em to obey the lower

posted speed limits， traffic moves more smoothly， forming a new traffic beltway with the

southern end of Central Park acting as a block between lower and central Manhattan.

"It surprid us that there is an emergent beltway in such a busy area of Manhattan，"

Carmody said. "This indicates that， unlike in Chengdu， beltways em to ari from driver

behavior even when they aren't part of the structural plan of a traffic network."

"The rearchers have imagined that this technology could give urban planners a means to

quantify traffic patterns， leading to better traffic，" Carmody said. "As methods of

transportation develop， new problems will emerge， and we hope that our tools will give

planners new ways to measure what is going on with city traffic."

（1）According to the new study， what contributes to traffic jams in Manhattan？

A. The number of bottlenecks and beltways.

B. The location of bridges and underpass.

C. Road facilities and driver behavior.

D. Road signs and urban population.

（2）Rearchers also studied Chengdu in order to .

A. compare the layouts of the two cities

B. find better infrastructure for one city

C. design traffic patterns with the algorithm

D. asss the effectiveness of the algorithm

（3）Why do vehicles move faster in lower Manhattan？

A. Becau of lower posted speed limits.

B. Becau drivers follow the traffic rules.

C. Becau it is planned in the traffic network.

D. Becau a beltway has emerged around the area.

（4）Who is the target of this new computer algorithm？

A. City planners.

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B. Slower drivers.

C. Infrastructure developers.

D. Road sign designers.

6．（8分）Becau the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy，

tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits， raising billions

of dollars off their ability to collect and ll information about anyone who has wandered

within shouting distance of their software. This week，Google announced a step in the right

direction﹣but not a huge step， nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect

immen amounts of personal data.

At issue is how online companies track internet urs as they brow（浏览）from site to

site online，typically through cookies （information that a website leaves in your computer so

that the website will recognize you when you u it again）. The most harmful version，"third

﹣party" cookies，is the web alternative of a company posting curity guards across the

internet to monitor what you do， even when you're on other companies' sites.

Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer u or support third﹣

party cookies， nor would it create or u any other technology that tracks individual urs

across the web. Given that Google is a main supplier of online advertising technology， its

change in approach will impact far and wide.

That's welcome news， although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the

Electronic Frontier Foundation noted， third﹣party cookies were already on the retreat， with

Apple and other makers of popular web browrs moving to block them. Meanwhile， Google，

Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large

quantities from people who u their sites and rvices through first﹣party cookies and similar

techniques.

The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it's being collected

through first﹣party or third﹣party techniques， said Michelle Richardson of the Center for

Democracy and Technology. "Companies may u the information to discriminate among

internet urs， offering different goods， rvices and even prices to different urs."

Instead of helping advertirs track individuals， Google says， it is improving a

technology that assigns urs namelessly to large groups with common interests. That's an

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improvement， even though it too may be at risk of abu. But why do any form of tracking at

all？ Privacy advocates say pitches（兜售）can be targeted effectively by basing them on

where the ur is at the moment， not where he or she has browd previously online.

Ultimately，lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more

control over whether and how personal information is ud online. Ideally the federal（联邦的）

government will t a strong floor under online privacy protections， but until then it will be up

to state lawmakers or voters to act， as this state has done with its groundbreaking online

privacy laws. It's good to e Google move the ball forward， but there's much farther to go.

（1）What does the underlined phra "on the retreat" in Para 4 most probably mean？

A. Expod.

B. Removed.

C. Emerging.

D. Fading.

（2）It can be learned from the declaration that Google .

A. is developing new technologies to stop data collection

B. refus to work with companies tracking privacy

C. intends to abandon its advertising technologies

D. resolves to stop the u of third﹣party cookies

（3）From the passage we can know that first﹣party cookies .

A. are still collecting personal information

B. are blocked by big companies like Apple

C. are mainly ud by advertising companies

D. are less concerning than third﹣party cookies

（4）What is the writer's attitude towards Google's new move？

A. It is less satisfactory than expected.

B. It needs to be more forceful to be effective.

C. It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies.

D. It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations.

第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出

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能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

7．（10分）You're faced with a lot of decisions in everyday work. There are multiple tasks calling

for your focus，and you are burning daylight or even burn out trying to decide what comes first.

（1）

If you're going to think smarter about how you prioritize（排序）tasks，you have to invest

a little time away from your to﹣do list. Here's the thing： what you work on confirms your

values. You may think it's no big thing to work overtime for a little while， but something will

be sacrificed with this decision. If you're a parent，you might spend less time with your kids.

Similarly， if you choo not to work much or effectively，you're deciding that your values lie

outside your career.（2）

Write all the tasks down and create four boxes containing all of things you care about.

This could be：helps the community， helps one﹣to﹣one relationships， makes money， and

things you find personally fulfilling. Then place them in the boxes and e how many of the

boxes each one takes up. Anything that fills just one box has to be reconsidered. Anything that

fills nothing should not be considered at all. （3） From here， the rest of the prioritization

gets a little easier. You now have a better idea where the efforts are really paying off. You also

know when you are wasting your own time.

In order to figure out a plan for yourlf， the first thing you should be doing is gathering

all of your tasks， large and small.（4） Other people are counting on you or your future

lf will depend on them somehow. The are actually easier to prioritize. Then break down

large tasks into smaller pieces. That helps put things in order. Part of the reason we do the

small things first is that being productive feels good. Acknowledging accomplishments makes

you more likely to keep going and pushes you through the more complicated tasks.

（5） Notice when your energy levels are high and when they are weak. Be aware

when you're more productive for social activities and when you're better off. The more you

study yourlf， the easier planning becomes.

Now that you have your priorities in order， go ahead and you will boost your

productivity.

A. You can also prioritize bad on energy levels.

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B. The good news is that some tasks can keep you motivated.

C. So how can you figure out what's most important to work on first？

D. This activity allows you to e where you really want to invest your energy.

E. If you want to make a new list， you need to turn to your colleagues for help.

F. There are some tasks that are pretty straightforward and you need to do the thing.

G. Where you invest your time is not just about what you value but also what you don't value.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共1小题；第40、41题各2分，

第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

8．（12分）Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops.

People across nations and centuries have tapped into their creativity in a café.

There are many ways coffee shops boost our creativity. The combination of noi， casual

crowds and visual variety can give us just the right amount of distraction （注意力分散） to

help us be sharpest and most creative.

Some of us stick in earbuds （耳塞） as soon as we sit down to work in a public tting.

But scientists have known for years that background noi can benefit our creative thinking. A

suitable level of noi in a cafeteria can actually improve your creative output. If you're slightly

distracted from the task at hand by some stimuli， it boosts your abstract thinking ability，

which can lead to more creative idea generation.

There's also the fact that in a coffee shop， we're surrounded by people who've come to do

the same thing， which acts as a motivator. Simply performing a task next to a person who

makes a lot of effort can motivate you to work harder. It's similar to going to the gym for a

workout. That is the social﹣facilitation effect： you go there， you e other people working

and it puts you in a mood where you just naturally start working as well.

Another thing that can make working at home or in the office tiring is the visual

environment； often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls without relief.

How the office is decorated has an effect on people's creative thinking process. While

rearchers tried to address this by adding decorative lights， they soon found that the

furnishings （家具及日用设备）quickly became familiar and boring. Coffee shops，though，

generally have visual stimuli. And hitting up different coffee shops keeps things even more

varied.

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Rearchers believe that there is no doubt about the "coffee﹣shop effect". Even if

working from home or office remains an option for the long﹣term， the benefits of going to a

coffee shop may be too good to pass up. And maybe the coffee is better.

（1）Why did some successful people do their best work in coffee shops？

（2）In what way is going to the gym similar to working in a coffee shop？

（3）Plea decide which part is fal in the following statement， then underline it and explain

why.

When people feel the visual environment in their office is boring， they can redecorate the

office or try some other working places to solve the problem.

（4）If you were free to choo a place to study in， where would you like to go？ Why？

（about 40 words）

第二节（20分）

9．（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim听说外卖点餐（ordering meals

online）在中国很流行，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 你是否经常外卖点餐；

2. 你对外卖点餐的看法或感受。

注意： 1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim，

_______.

Yours，

Li Hua

第12页（共34页）

2021年北京市西城区高考英语二模试卷

参考答案与试题解析

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15

分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．（15分）Chad Turns delivers for UPS in the small town of Dauphin， and is beloved by his

customers. As en in a video posted to Facebook， when Turns drove into a parking lot for

what he thought was a（1） A up on Tuesday， he was greeted instead by a dozen residents

clapping and yelling，（2）" ， Chad!" Turns was so overcome with emotion that he pulled

out his handkerchief to wipe his（3） A .

"Turns is well﹣known for his thoughtfulness and（4） D ，" resident Jenny Shickley

said，adding that he often leaves treats for their dogs when delivering packages. She organized

the special event after people commented in a group Facebook post about what a（an）（5） C

job Turns was doing.

She raid ＄1，000 for Turns in two weeks in the small town. The group gave him the

generous gift with a large card signed by members of the（6） D . Jenny said Turns had

taken care of them for a year and they wanted to take care of him.

"It is（7） that this community feels so strongly about me，" Turns told the reporter.

He said all UPS drivers derve to be thanked in this way. He also added that he will pay it（8）

C by continuing to provide the good rvice that he is known for.

"Chad is a great UPSer，" UPS spokesperson Jackie Fajt said in a statement. "Celebrations

like this really highlight the（9） A our drivers have with their customer ba. We

appreciate that UPS drivers like Chad are being（10） for how they are moving our world

forward."

（1）A. pick B. check C. warm D. move

（2）A. Watch out B. Thank you C. Cheer up D. Help us

（3）A. eyes B. no C. mouth D. hands

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（4）A. determination B. courage C. patience D. kindness

（5）A. new B. easy C. good D. uful

（6）A. class B. company C. family D. community

（7）A. surprising B. touching C. interesting D. challenging

（8）A. out B. down C. forward D. off

（9）A. bond B. problem C. lesson D. word

（10）A. attracted B. recognized C. encouraged D. adopted

【分析】查德在多芬小镇为UPS送货，深受顾客喜爱。他组织了这次特别活动，突出了

司机与他们的客户群之间的联系。

【解答】（1）A.考查动词及语境理解。A. pick捡起，取； B. check检查； C. warm使温

暖； D. move移动。 根据前文句子 when Turns drove into a parking lot for 从Facebook

上的一段视频中可以看到，当他周二开车进入一个停车场时，他以为是来取车，所以选

A.

（2）B.考查短语及语境理解。A. Watch out注意； B. Thank you 谢谢你；C. Cheer up振

作起来； D. Help us帮助我们。根据前文 he was greeted instead by a dozen residents

clapping and yelling，可见这里是说的谢谢你，故选B.

（3）A.考查名词及语境理解。A. eyes眼睛； B. no 鼻子；C. mouth嘴； D. hands手。

根据前文Turns was so overcome with emotion that he pulled out his handkerchief ，可见他

激动得浑身发抖，是拿出手帕擦眼睛。故选A.

（4）D.考查名词及语境理解。A. determination 决心；B. courage 毅力；C. patience 耐心；

D. kindness好心。根据前文Turns is well﹣known for his thoughtfulness 他以体贴著称可见

后文并列的是好心，故选D.

（5）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A. new新的； B. easy 容易的；C. good好的； D. uful

有用的。根据前文She organized the special event after people commented in a group

Facebook post 在人们在Facebook上发表评论后，她组织了这次特别活动。可见这是一个

很好的工作，故选C.

（6）D.考查名词及语境理解。A. class 班级；B. company 公司；C. family 家庭；D.

community社区。根据后文 She raid ＄1，000 for Turns in two weeks in the small town.

进入了一个小镇，可见是在社区成员中的会员签名卡，故选D.

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（7）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A. surprising令人惊讶的； B. touching动人的，感人

的； C. interesting有趣的； D. challenging富有挑战性的。根据后文this community feels

so strongly about me这个社区对我的感觉如此强烈，可见这件事很让我感动，故选B.

（8）D.考查固定短语及语境理解。pay off是固定短语"偿清"；其他副词与pay不能构成

固定短语，句意：他说所有的UPS司机都应该得到这样的感谢。他还补充说，他将通过

继续提供他所熟知的良好服务来偿还债务。所以选D.

（9）A.考查名词及语境理解。A. bond 联系；B. problem 问题；C. lesson 课程；D. word

单词。句意：像这样的庆祝活动确实突出了我们的司机与他们的客户群之间的联系。根

据后文our drivers have with their customer ba.可见是两者之间的联系。故选A.

（10）B.考查动词及语境理解。A. attracted 吸引；B. recognized认出，认可； C. encouraged

鼓励；D. adopted采纳。句意：我们很感激像查德这样的UPS司机，因为他们是如何推

动我们的世界向前发展而得到认可的。根据后文how they are moving our world forward.

可见是被认可的。故选B.

【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所

以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次

要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词

得当，意思正确。

第二节 语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的

正确形式填空。

2．（15分）

A

One day， a man found the pupa （蛹） of a butterfly.（1） Seeing （e） an opening

in the pupa， he realized that the butterfly was ready to emerge. So he sat down and watched as

the butterfly struggled to force its body（2） through the little hole. However，minutes

pasd and the butterfly still couldn't get out. The struggle was too hard for its weak body. The

man then（3） kindly （kind） enlarged the hole in the pupa so that the butterfly could

finally break free. But instead of flying away，it just dragged itlf around weakly，then died.

The struggle to break out of the pupa was necessary for the butterfly's survival（4） becau

it enabled its wings and body to grow strong. Without the struggle， it was too weak to live.

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B

Smartphones have become an esntial part of our daily lives. However，（5） to protect

（protect）younger students' eyesight and make sure they focus on their studies， primary and

middle schools will have more specific rules to limit students' mobile phone u on campus.

The Ministry of Education（6） relead （relea） a notice in January that restricts

primary and middle school students from carrying mobile phones to school. Tho who still

require their phones for some reason must get their parents' and teachers' approval and must

hand their phones over during class time.

The policy aims to improve students' focus on study and fight for（7） addiction

（addict） to the internet and games.

C

Microplastics，referring to plastic fragments and particles（碎片和微粒）less than 5

millimeters in diameter（直径），have been found on Mount Qomolangma as high as 8，440

meters above a level，just 408.86 meters below the peak of the mountain，according to a

recent study published in the journal One Earth. Scientists collected snow and water samples

from 19 different（8） spots （spot）. They found microplastics in all the water samples and

part of the snow samples. The most（9） polluted （pollute） sample was from the Ba

Camp in Nepal，（10） where most human activity on the mountain is concentrated. It had

79 particles of microplastics per liter （升）of snow.

【分析】本文是三个片段：A 主要讲述了作者通过一个蝴蝶破茧成蝶的过程而得到生活

的哲理：如果生活总是安乐窝，它将使我们软弱。B 讲述教育部发布通知，限制中小学

生携带手机上学。C 介绍了微塑料的污染。

【解答】（1）Seeing.考查现在分词。句意：看到蛹上有个洞，他意识到蝴蝶即将钻出来。

e和句子主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填Seeing.

（2）through.考查介词。句意：于是他坐下来，看着蝴蝶挣扎着让自己的身体穿过那个

小洞。表示"从洞中穿破"，后跟名词，所以用介词，故填through.

（3）kindly.考查副词。句意：于是那个人好心地把蛹上的洞放大，这样蝴蝶就可以挣脱

了。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填kindly.

（4）becau.考查连词。句意：挣扎着从蛹中挣脱出来对于蝴蝶的生存是必要的，因为

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它能使它的翅膀和身体变得强壮。表示"因为"，引导原因状语从句，故填becau.

（5）to protect.考查不定式。句意：然而，为了保护低年级学生的视力，确保他们专注于

学习，中小学校将有更具体的规定来限制学生在校园里使用手机。不定式作目的状语，

故填to protect.

（6）relead.考查时态。句意：今年1月，教育部发布通知，限制中小学生携带手机上

学。描述已发生的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填relead.

（7）addiction.考查名词的数。句意：该政策旨在提高学生的学习专注力，防止沉迷于网

络和游戏。作介词的宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填addiction.

（8）spots.考查名词的数。句意：科学家们从19个不同的地点收集了雪和水的样本。spot

为可数名词，前面有different，所以用复数名词，故填spots.

（9）polluted.考查形容词。句意：污染最严重的样本来自尼泊尔的大本营，那里是人类

活动最集中的地方。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填polluted.

（10）where.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：污染最严重的样本来自尼泊尔的大本营，那

里是人类活动最集中的地方。先行词为地点名词，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，

故填where.

【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，

灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，

名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌

握各语言点及一些语法知识。

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共4小题；每小题7.5分，共28分）阅读

下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。

3．（6分）Iceland has long been identified as having unique environments. Here you can walk and

swim between tectonic（地壳构造的） plates， bath in geothermal waters， and experience

the wild landscapes. Furthermore， the unique environments have attracted the space﹣

science community to u Iceland as one of its test sites for missions travelling to Mars（火星）.

DAY 1

Arrive in Reykjavik.

After check﹣in，you will visit the geothermal pools of the Blue Lagoon to relax after

your flight，before returning to your hotel to freshen up. You will then head to the Aurora

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Bacamp Obrvatory，where you will be able to e the northern lights recreated indoors. In

the evening， space expert Niamh Shaw will give the first of two talks on our attempt to

establish bas on other planets.

DAY 2

After breakfast， you will t out on special vehicles towards Þingvellir National Park， a

registered UNESCO world heritage （遗产） site accompanied by Niamh. Here， you will

have the opportunity to do something that you can't do anywhere el， the opportunity to

swim between the tectonic plates. In the evening， you will enjoy a cond talk from Niamh.

DAY 3

Today you begin your journey towards the 2020 NASA test site， where the NASA

SAND_E Mars Rover is being tested. NASA scientists will be on hand to explain the project，

along with updates of the current Mars missions and the most recent findings.

DAY 4

In 2019， Iceland Space Agency hosted the ISAGEVR1 Expedition to Grimsvötn Volcano

on top of the Vatnajökull Glacier （冰川） to field test the MS1 Mars Analog Spacesuit

designed by the NASA/Johnson space centre. We will be working together with the agency to

create a unique experience for you today on the glacier.

DAY 5

In the afternoon， you will reach the bridge between the continents， spanning a gap in

between the two tectonic plates， on your way to Keflavik Airport and your evening flight

home.

（1）Who would be most interested in this travel arrangement to Iceland？

A. Fiction writers.

B. Space enthusiasts.

C. Wildlife protectors.

D. Professional swimmers.

（2）Which days include chances to experience something about Mars？ C

A. Day 1 and Day 2.

B. Day 2 and Day 3.

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C. Day 3 and Day 4.

D. Day 4 and Day 5.

（3）Which of the following can best promote this tour？ C

A. "We hope to offer you a great opportunity to enjoy hiking."

B. "We will let you explore how NASA is a part of everyday life."

C. "We want to help you discover space science through the joy of travel."

D. "We will provide you a chance to experience the culture near the Arctic Circle."

【分析】本文属于广告类阅读。介绍了冰岛长期以来被认为具有独特的环境。在这里你

可以在两个城市之间散步和游泳（地壳构造的） 在地热水中洗浴，体验野生景观。此外，

这些独特的环境吸引了空间科学界将冰岛作为其前往火星执行任务的试验地点之一（火

星），并介绍了五天的行程。

【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。根据文章中的第一段的最后一句 Furthermore， the unique

environments have attracted the space﹣science community to u Iceland as one of its test

sites for missions travelling to Mars（火星）.此外，这些独特的环境吸引了空间科学界将冰

岛作为前往火星执行任务的试验地点之一。可以推断出太空爱好者可能会对这个去冰岛

的旅行安排最感兴趣。故答案为B.

（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章中的DAY 3部分的第一句Today you begin your journey

towards the 2020 NASA test site， where the NASA SAND_E Mars Rover is being tested.今

天，您将开始前往2020年美国宇航局试验场的旅程，在那里，美国宇航局的"沙粒"火星

探测器正在进行试验。 可知第三天有机会体验火星的一些东西。结合文章中的DAY 4

部分的第一句In 2019， Iceland Space Agency hosted the ISAGEVR1 Expedition to

Grimsvötn Volcano on top of the Vatnajökull Glacier （冰川） to field test the MS1 Mars

Analog Spacesuit designed by the NASA/Johnson space centre.2019年，冰岛航天局主办了前

往Grimsvötn的ISAGEVR1探险队Vatnajökull冰川将对美国宇航局/约翰逊航天中心设计

的MS1火星模拟宇航服进行实地测试。可知第四天有机会体验火星的一些东西。故答案

为C.

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第一段Iceland has long been identified as having unique

environments.冰岛长期以来被认为具有独特的环境。 可知此次旅行的特点在于冰岛独特

的环境，可以推断出C选项中的"我们想帮助您通过旅行的乐趣发现空间科学"可以很好

地宣传这次旅行。故答案为C.

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【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅

读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，

应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细

阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关

信息。要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要

做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4．（6分）Sawyer Current's first visit to Isla Mujeres， a small island off the coast of Cancun，

Mexico， was meant to be a getaway. But instead of relaxing on white sand beaches，Current

was disappointed at the number of unwanted animals wandering the streets. "Dogs were

everywhere，coming out of the bushes and along the sides of the road，" she recalls of that trip

25 years ago. "They were dirty and covered with fleas（跳蚤）and scars." "It was sad，" she says.

"I just couldn't stand to watch it."

Current decided to help fix it. She built a cond home on Isla Mujeres in 2000， and

beginning with a skinny， toothless cat she rescued from the streets， she went on to find

homes for more than 2，000 dogs and cats. Today， thanks to Current's efforts， the island no

longer has a wild﹣dog problem， and "people are more aware of their pets' needs，" says

Marcelino Velazquez， 34， a property manager from Isla Mujeres. "They vaccinate（打疫苗）

them and don't abandon them on the streets. The way of thinking has changed."

For Current，it was a hard﹣fought transformation. "At first I was angry and thought it

was horrible，" Current says of the conditions on the island when she began her work. "But

the weren't bad people. They were people without resources." When she first arrived，the

community had no small﹣animal vet（兽医），and animal control consisted of a team of

government workers who'd round up street dogs in a truck and kill them. "I ud to follow the

truck， and when they'd go for lunch， I'd let the dogs out，" she says. "One time I let the air

out of their tires（轮胎）."

At one point she was caring for more than 65 rescued dogs in her home，and she estimates

she has spent about ＄1 million of her own savings on her efforts. "It was exhausting，" she

admits. Now Isla Animals has an on﹣site shelter with a small staff，and many volunteers and

donors among the island's tourists. Each year the group re﹣homes more than 170 pets，many

of which fly with volunteers to families in the U.S. and Canada.

第20页（共34页）

"There's nothing in the world like finding a starving dog，nursing it back to good health

and finding it a loving home，" Current says.

（1）What made Current feel disappointed with the island？ D

A. Incts biting people.

B. People without resources.

C. Hous in poor conditions.

D. Animals abandoned in the streets.

（2）Why did Current follow the truck and let the air out of its tires？ C

A. To show the local people how to solve their problems.

B. To draw public attention to what she was doing.

C. To stop the workers from killing the animals.

D. To help the government punish bad people.

（3）Which of the following words can best describe Current？ A

A. Loving.

B. Ambitious.

C. Intelligent.

D. Cautious.

【分析】本文写了Sawyer Current在第一次造访墨西哥坎昆海岸附近的小岛Isla Mujeres

的时候，发现一些不受欢迎的小动物，开始救助小动物的故事。

【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据文章中的第一 段的第三句："Dogs were everywhere，

coming out of the bushes and along the sides of the road，" she recalls of that trip 25 years ago.'

她回忆起25年前的那次旅行："到处都是狗，它们从灌木丛里出来，沿着路边跑来跑去。

"可知索耶.柯伦（Sawyer Current）看到了路_上被遗弃的动物，所以对这个岛感到失望。

故选D.

（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章中的第三段的最后一句："I ud to follow the truck， and

when they'd go for lunch， I'd let the dogs out，" she says. "One time I let the air out of their

tires （轮胎） ""我过去经常跟着卡车，当他们去吃午饭的时候，我会让狗出去，"她说

一次把轮胎里的空气吹出来（轮胎）可知Current跟在卡车，后面把轮胎里的气放出来是

为了阻止工人杀死动物、故选C.

第21页（共34页）

（3）A.推理判断题。根据文章中的最后一段的第一句："There's nothing in the world like

finding a starving dog， nursing it back to good health and finding it a loving home，"Current

says.世界上没有什么比找到一只饥饿的狗，让它恢复健康，找到一个充满爱的家更美好

的了，"Current说。结合文章内容可知她经常帮助动物，可以推断出她是一个很有爱心的

人。A. Loving有爱的；B. Ambitious有野心的；C. Intelligent聪明的；D. Cautious谨慎的。

故选A.

【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事

件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，

对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确

把握作者观点。

5．（8分）Urban planners may soon have a new way to measure traffic jams. By putting in the

different routes by which vehicles can travel between locations， rearchers have developed a

new computer algorithm（运算法则） that helps quantify regions of jams in urban areas and

suggests ways around them.

The study， published in the Journal of Physics： Complexity， ud traffic speeds from

taxis in New York City to demonstrate how road infrastructure （基础设施） and driver

behavior can create complex road networks that differ among cities.

The team approached the issue by designing a computer algorithm to capture the topology

﹣or relationship between the different routes between locations﹣of road networks. "We found

that the most significant traffic bottlenecks in Manhattan em to ari as a result of the city's

structural layout，" said study co﹣author Daniel Carmody. "For example， the fact that a

bridge enters Manhattan at a range where traffic is already limited due to Central Park slows

traffic in the area considerably."

The rearchers performed a comparative analysis using traffic patterns in Chengdu，

China， to test if the algorithm works equally well in areas with different layouts. Manhattan

has a long and thin structure， while Chengdu is round. There are significant differences in the

way traffic moves between the two different tups， the rearchers said.

"The bottlenecks in Chengdu em to ari due to the function of the buildings in a

particular area，" Carmody said. "For example， it is hard to travel in and out of the central

business district in Chengdu becau of the large amount of traffic alone. Beltways， or faster

第22页（共34页）

streets around busy areas， have emerged in circles around this area， which is not surprising

becau this feature was intentionally built into the city."

In Manhattan， the bridges and underpass that form the entry and exit points cau

traffic slowdowns. However， in lower Manhattan， where drivers em to obey the lower

posted speed limits， traffic moves more smoothly， forming a new traffic beltway with the

southern end of Central Park acting as a block between lower and central Manhattan.

"It surprid us that there is an emergent beltway in such a busy area of Manhattan，"

Carmody said. "This indicates that， unlike in Chengdu， beltways em to ari from driver

behavior even when they aren't part of the structural plan of a traffic network."

"The rearchers have imagined that this technology could give urban planners a means to

quantify traffic patterns， leading to better traffic，" Carmody said. "As methods of

transportation develop， new problems will emerge， and we hope that our tools will give

planners new ways to measure what is going on with city traffic."

（1）According to the new study， what contributes to traffic jams in Manhattan？ C

A. The number of bottlenecks and beltways.

B. The location of bridges and underpass.

C. Road facilities and driver behavior.

D. Road signs and urban population.

（2）Rearchers also studied Chengdu in order to D .

A. compare the layouts of the two cities

B. find better infrastructure for one city

C. design traffic patterns with the algorithm

D. asss the effectiveness of the algorithm

（3）Why do vehicles move faster in lower Manhattan？

A. Becau of lower posted speed limits.

B. Becau drivers follow the traffic rules.

C. Becau it is planned in the traffic network.

D. Becau a beltway has emerged around the area.

（4）Who is the target of this new computer algorithm？ A

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A. City planners.

B. Slower drivers.

C. Infrastructure developers.

D. Road sign designers.

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，城市规划者可能很快就会有一种新的方法来衡量交通堵塞。

通过输入车辆在不同地点之间行驶的不同路线，研究人员开发了一种新的计算机算法，

该算法有助于量化城市地区的拥堵区域，并提出解决拥堵的方法。

【解答】（1）C. 细节理解题。根据文章中的倒数第三段的第一句In Manhattan， the bridges

and underpass that form the entry and exit points cau traffic slowdowns.在曼哈顿，形成入

口和出口的桥梁和地下通道导致交通减速。结合文章中的倒数第二段的最后一句"This

indicates that， unlike in Chengdu， beltways em to ari from driver behavior even when

they aren't part of the structural plan of a traffic network."这表明，与成都不同的是，环城高

速似乎是由驾驶员行为引起的，即使它们不是交通网络结构规划的一部分。"可知道路设

施与驾驶员行为造成了曼哈顿的交通堵塞。故选C.

（2）D. 细节理解题。根据文章中的第四段的第一句The rearchers performed a

comparative analysis using traffic patterns in Chengdu， China， to test if the algorithm works

equally well in areas with different layouts.研究人员利用中国成都的交通模式进行了对比

分析，以测试该算法在不同布局的地区是否同样有效。可知研空λ吊也对成都讲行了研

究，以评估算法的有效性。故选D.

（3）B. 细节理解题。根据文章中的倒数第三段的最后一句However， in lower Manhattan，

where drivers em to obey the lower posted speed limits， traffic moves more smoothly，

forming a new traffic beltway with the southern end of Central Park acting as a block between

lower and central Manhattan.然而，在曼哈顿下城，司机们似乎遵守了张贴的较低限速，交

通更加顺畅，形成了一条新的交通环线，中央公园南端成为曼哈顿下城和市中心之间的

一个街区。可知交通工具在曼哈顿下城走得更快是因为司机遵守交通规则。故选B.

（4）A. 细节理解题。根据文章中的最后一段的最后一句"As methods of transportation

develop， new problems will emerge， and we hope that our tools will give planners new ways

to measure what is going on with city traffic.随着交通方式的发展，新的问题也会出现，我

们希望我们的工具能给规划者提供新的方法来衡量城市交通状况。" 可知这个新型计算

机算法的受众是城市规划者。故选A.

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【点评】1．直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2．间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3．综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

6．（8分）Becau the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy，

tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits， raising billions

of dollars off their ability to collect and ll information about anyone who has wandered

within shouting distance of their software. This week，Google announced a step in the right

direction﹣but not a huge step， nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect

immen amounts of personal data.

At issue is how online companies track internet urs as they brow（浏览）from site to

site online，typically through cookies （information that a website leaves in your computer so

that the website will recognize you when you u it again）. The most harmful version，"third

﹣party" cookies，is the web alternative of a company posting curity guards across the

internet to monitor what you do， even when you're on other companies' sites.

Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer u or support third﹣

party cookies， nor would it create or u any other technology that tracks individual urs

across the web. Given that Google is a main supplier of online advertising technology， its

change in approach will impact far and wide.

That's welcome news， although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the

Electronic Frontier Foundation noted， third﹣party cookies were already on the retreat， with

Apple and other makers of popular web browrs moving to block them. Meanwhile， Google，

Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large

quantities from people who u their sites and rvices through first﹣party cookies and similar

techniques.

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The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it's being collected

through first﹣party or third﹣party techniques， said Michelle Richardson of the Center for

Democracy and Technology. "Companies may u the information to discriminate among

internet urs， offering different goods， rvices and even prices to different urs."

Instead of helping advertirs track individuals， Google says， it is improving a

technology that assigns urs namelessly to large groups with common interests. That's an

improvement， even though it too may be at risk of abu. But why do any form of tracking at

all？ Privacy advocates say pitches（兜售）can be targeted effectively by basing them on

where the ur is at the moment， not where he or she has browd previously online.

Ultimately，lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more

control over whether and how personal information is ud online. Ideally the federal（联邦的）

government will t a strong floor under online privacy protections， but until then it will be up

to state lawmakers or voters to act， as this state has done with its groundbreaking online

privacy laws. It's good to e Google move the ball forward， but there's much farther to go.

（1）What does the underlined phra "on the retreat" in Para 4 most probably mean？ D

A. Expod.

B. Removed.

C. Emerging.

D. Fading.

（2）It can be learned from the declaration that Google D .

A. is developing new technologies to stop data collection

B. refus to work with companies tracking privacy

C. intends to abandon its advertising technologies

D. resolves to stop the u of third﹣party cookies

（3）From the passage we can know that first﹣party cookies A .

A. are still collecting personal information

B. are blocked by big companies like Apple

C. are mainly ud by advertising companies

D. are less concerning than third﹣party cookies

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（4）What is the writer's attitude towards Google's new move？

A. It is less satisfactory than expected.

B. It needs to be more forceful to be effective.

C. It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies.

D. It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations.

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于商业互联网的发展很少考虑隐私，科技公司已经能够

将个人数据转化为可观的利润，从他们收集和出售任何在软件附近徘徊的人的信息的能

力中筹集了数十亿美元。

【解答】（1）D. 词义猜测题。根据文章中的划线部分所在句子As Lee Tien of the Electronic

Frontier Foundation noted， third﹣party cookies were already on the retreat， with Apple and

other makers of popular web browrs moving to block them. 正如电子前沿基金会的李天恩

所指出的，第三方cookie已经在撤退，苹果和其他流行网络浏览器制造商纷纷转移到阻

止他们的行列。可知此处应是指代这个第三方已经开始走下坡路，即划线部分"on the

retreat"的意思是"Fading". A. Expod暴露的；B. Removed远离的；C. Emerging新兴的；

D. Fading衰退。故选D.

（2）D. 细节理解题。根据文章中的第四段的最后一句Meanwhile， Google， Facebook

and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from

people who u their sites and rvices through first﹣party cookies and similar techniques.与

此同时，谷歌、Facebook和其他大型科技公司继续通过第一方cookies和类似技术，向使

用其网站和服务的用户大量收集个人信息。可知谷歌、Facebook和其他大型科技公司继

续通过第一方cookie或类似技术来从使用其网站和服务的用户那里收集大量个人信息，

由此可知谷歌不使用第三方cookie，故D选项说法正确。故选D.

（3）A. 细节理解题。根据文章中的第四段的最后一句Meanwhile， Google， Facebook

and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from

people who u their sites and rvices through first﹣party cookies and similar techniques.与

此同时，谷歌、Facebook和其他大型科技公司继续通过第一方cookies和类似技术，向使

用其网站和服务的用户大量收集个人信息。可知第一方cookie仍然在收集个人信息，故

A选项说法正确。故选A.

（4）B. 情感态度题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是最后一句"It's good to e Google move the

ball forward， but there's much farther to go.很高兴看到谷歌将球向前移动，但还有很长的

第27页（共34页）

路要走。"可知，作者对谷歌的行动给予肯定，但作者认为谷歌还应做得更好，与B选项

"它需要更加有力才能有效"意思相符。故选B.

【点评】1．直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2．间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3．综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出

能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

7．（10分）You're faced with a lot of decisions in everyday work. There are multiple tasks calling

for your focus，and you are burning daylight or even burn out trying to decide what comes first.

（1） C

If you're going to think smarter about how you prioritize（排序）tasks，you have to invest

a little time away from your to﹣do list. Here's the thing： what you work on confirms your

values. You may think it's no big thing to work overtime for a little while， but something will

be sacrificed with this decision. If you're a parent，you might spend less time with your kids.

Similarly， if you choo not to work much or effectively，you're deciding that your values lie

outside your career.（2） G

Write all the tasks down and create four boxes containing all of things you care about.

This could be：helps the community， helps one﹣to﹣one relationships， makes money， and

things you find personally fulfilling. Then place them in the boxes and e how many of the

boxes each one takes up. Anything that fills just one box has to be reconsidered. Anything that

fills nothing should not be considered at all. （3） D From here， the rest of the

prioritization gets a little easier. You now have a better idea where the efforts are really paying

off. You also know when you are wasting your own time.

In order to figure out a plan for yourlf， the first thing you should be doing is gathering

第28页（共34页）

all of your tasks， large and small.（4） F Other people are counting on you or your future

lf will depend on them somehow. The are actually easier to prioritize. Then break down

large tasks into smaller pieces. That helps put things in order. Part of the reason we do the

small things first is that being productive feels good. Acknowledging accomplishments makes

you more likely to keep going and pushes you through the more complicated tasks.

（5） A Notice when your energy levels are high and when they are weak. Be aware

when you're more productive for social activities and when you're better off. The more you

study yourlf， the easier planning becomes.

Now that you have your priorities in order， go ahead and you will boost your

productivity.

A. You can also prioritize bad on energy levels.

B. The good news is that some tasks can keep you motivated.

C. So how can you figure out what's most important to work on first？

D. This activity allows you to e where you really want to invest your energy.

E. If you want to make a new list， you need to turn to your colleagues for help.

F. There are some tasks that are pretty straightforward and you need to do the thing.

G. Where you invest your time is not just about what you value but also what you don't value.

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在繁杂的工作中进行精简任务，挑选

最为重要的进行以提高工作效率。

【解答】（1）C.中心导入题。根据前文"You're faced with a lot of decisions in everyday work.

There are multiple tasks calling for your focus，and you are burning daylight or even burn out

trying to decide what comes first.（在日常工作中，你会面临很多决定。有很多任务需要你

集中注意力，你在努力决定什么该先做，为此甚至累得筋疲力尽。）"可知，下文应该介

绍如何从诸多工作中分出主次来执行。C项" So how can you figure out what's most

important to work on first？（那么，你怎么才能确定什么是最重要的工作首先？）"以提问

形式导入，引出下文。故选C.

（2）G.段意概况题。根据前文"what you work on confirms your values. You may think it's no

big thing to work overtime for a little while，but something will be sacrificed with this decision.

（你的工作证实了你的价值观。你可能觉得加班一段时间没什么大不了的，但是这个决

第29页（共34页）

定会牺牲一些东西。如果你是一个家长，你可能会花更少的时间和你的孩子在一起。）"

中所举的例子及"Similarly，if you choo not to work much or effectively，you're deciding

that your values lie outside your caree（同样地，如果你选择不做太多或不高效的工作，那

你就是在断定你的价值观不在你的职业生涯之内。）"可知，观念决定了时间的投放所在，

重视的东西往往会更愿意去花时间。G项"Where you invest your time is not just about what

you value but also what you don't value（你把你的时间投资在哪里，不仅仅是你重视什么，

还有你不重视什么）"对前面进行了概况，符合题意。故选G.

（3）D.细节理解题。根据前文"Write all the tasks down and create four boxes containing all of

things you care about. This could be：helps the community，helps one﹣to﹣one relationships，

makes money，and things you find personally fulfilling. Then place them in the boxes and e

how many of the boxes each one takes up. Anything that fills just one box has to be

reconsidered. Anything that fills nothing should not be considered at all.（把所有的任务都写

下来，然后把你关心的事情分成四个箱子。这可能是：帮助社区，帮助一对一的关系，

赚钱，和你觉得个人满足的事情。然后把它们放在盒子里，看看它们占了多少盒子。任

何只填满一个盒子的东西都必须重新考虑。任何不填的东西都不应该被考虑。）"中方法

介绍可知，该空处应该介绍此方法实行的目的。D项"This activity allows you to e where

you really want to invest your energy（这个活动可以让你看到你真正想把精力投入的地方）

"表达的正是这样做的目的，符合逻辑。故选D.

（4）F.细节理解题。根据前文" In order to figure out a plan for yourlf，the first thing you

should be doing is gathering all of your tasks，large and small.（为了为自己制定一个计划，

你应该做的第一件事就是收集所有大大小小的任务。）"可知，该空处应该谈论所收集的

任务情况。F项"There are some tasks that are pretty straightforward and you need to do the

thing（有一些任务非常简单，你需要去做）"承接了上文，符合题意。故选F.

（5）A.段落大意题。根据下文"Notice when your energy levels are high and when they are

weak. Be aware when you're more productive for social activities and when you're better off.

The more you study yourlf，the easier planning becomes.（注意你的精力水平什么时候高，

什么时候低。要知道你什么时候在社交活动中效率更高，什么时候效率更高。你越了解

自己，就越容易制定计划。）"可知，该段谈论的是要清楚自己的" energy levels （精力水

平）"。A项"You can also prioritize bad on energy levels（你也可以根据精力水平来划分

优先级）"符合段意，是该段中心句。故选A.

第30页（共34页）

【点评】选句填空类阅读理解解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。要关注空格

处前后的内容，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否

有同词复现，代词的指代等。

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共1小题；第40、41题各2分，

第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

8．（12分）Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops.

People across nations and centuries have tapped into their creativity in a café.

There are many ways coffee shops boost our creativity. The combination of noi， casual

crowds and visual variety can give us just the right amount of distraction （注意力分散） to

help us be sharpest and most creative.

Some of us stick in earbuds （耳塞） as soon as we sit down to work in a public tting.

But scientists have known for years that background noi can benefit our creative thinking. A

suitable level of noi in a cafeteria can actually improve your creative output. If you're slightly

distracted from the task at hand by some stimuli， it boosts your abstract thinking ability，

which can lead to more creative idea generation.

There's also the fact that in a coffee shop， we're surrounded by people who've come to do

the same thing， which acts as a motivator. Simply performing a task next to a person who