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安徽安庆地区早期采矿与冶金遗址考察研究

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2023年11月11日发(作者:初中班主任评语)

20211

ysyl. bgrimm. cn)

89

doi10. 3969/j. issn. 1007-7545. 2021. 01. 017

地区早期采矿与冶金遗址

考察研究

1,2,2

2,3

(1.100006;

2.100083;

3.230061)

20

T

西

西

西

考察

K878 A 1007-7545(2021)01-0089-09

Investigation on Early Mining and Metallurgical Sites

in Anqing Area,Anhui Province

CUIChunpeng1,LIYanxiang2,LIChenyuan

- - -2

TANYuchen2GONGXicheng

- -3

(1. National Museum of ChinaBeijing 100006China;

2. Institute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science Technology, University of Science

and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

3. Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Anhui Province. Hefei 230061, China)

Abstract InvestigationofearlyminingandmetallurgicalsitesinAnqingareayieldesfruitfulresults

,

includingnewlydiscoveredsiteswithmetallurgicalconnotationScientificanalysisshowsthatthere

20 .

aretwobronzeproductionsystemswithtinandarnicasmainalloyingelementsinAnqingareaItis

.

suppodthatcopperissmeltedfirstandthentinorarnicmaterialsareaddedCopperandarnic

.

materialscomefromlocalmineralsandtinmaterialsarespeculatedfromNorthernJiangxiBronze

, .

metallurgyinAnqingareahaslocaltechnicalcharacteristicsandtherelatedworkisanimportantlink

,

toconstructtheearlymetallurgyandbronzecivilizationinSouthwestAnhuiThecrucial

.

archaeologicalsignificanceofthisstudyivStoconnectfourmajorminingandmetallurgicalsitegroupsof

稿

2020-09-29

51174034)

-)-)

19831962

90

ysyl. bgrimm. cn)

20211

theShangandZhouDynastiesinSoutheastHubei,NorthernJiangxi,SouthwestAnhuiand

,

SouthernAnhui

.

Key words Anqingareaearlyminingandmetallurgysiteinvestigation

西

。研

西[12],

。还

[3],3

12

12

但主

3

西西

[4],

西

安庆

怀

[57]。2015年春

11)

018,能谱

ZEISSEV

5010。需

NanuXFlashDetector

2016

1

Fig. 1 Location of early mining and metallurgical sites in Anqing area

20211ysyl. bgrimm. cn)

91

1

Table 1

Investigation details of early mining and metallurgical sites in Anqing area

怀

怀

怀

怀

西

怀

怀

怀

怀

怀

怀

怀

怀

怀

西

225

20

97

4

1

5)。 24523 基0.30、1203

):MgC) A

4. 68、02 50. 65、20 1. 21 0. 80 42. 36

SiKCaOFeOS

l.i

怀

0. 15、8. 52。所

Cu

怀

2陶片

沿2)

3),

23 ,宽19 ,厚15

cmcmcm

1.2

怀

怀

10 。遗

km

34 000 2,年。近

mm

2纹饰

4)

245232. 5 ,灰

cm

怀

2

。基

Fig. 2 Yueshan mining site and related

-02 (图

CuFeCuSi

relics in Huaining

92

ysyl. bgrimm. cn)

20211

3

Fig. 3 Stone hammer at Yueshan mining site

4

Fig. 4 View of Wangjiadadun site

and related relics

524523

Fig. 5 Copper and tin bronze particles

in slag sample No. 24523

1.3

0. 6 30 。遗

kmkm

内.高出地面

20 (6),面3 000 2,年。陶器陶

mm

器型可见口

沿。所22.5 ,

cm

断面可

。2

Sn-Fe

25531

Cu

7),该

2

ft

6

Fig. 6 View of Zhuxiangwu site and related relics

矿物

7 24531 CuSn-Fe

Fig. 7 Copper particles and Sn-Fe mineral

particles in slag sample No. 24531

2

Table 2 Normalid compositions of

metallurgical relics at Zhuxiangwu /%

23

MgOFeOSCu

SiOz

CaO2

245300. 6850. 082. 370. 890. 05

26. 4819. 51

0. 24

2453125. 720. 4731. 502. 931.09-

38. 29

0. 24

1.4

村.西

20211

Khttp://ysyL

bgrimm. cn)

93

7 。遗

km

8 (8),5 000 2,年代商周。陶器陶色有红

mm

。所4

1.5〜3. 4 ,灰非玻璃态不

cm

。炉24457、

24460、244619)。炉渣

FeCu

259^氧化物颗粒(图10),遗址中可能存

MSrPhCu

244570. 7723. 547. 07

244596. 841. 070. 190. 87

2446032. 8849. 275. 202. 183. 14

244615. 181. 0826. 8960. 894. 810. 831. 381. 14

3

Table 3 Normalid compositions of

slag samples at Guishan /%

Al23

6. 6160. 360. 651. 691. 65

8. 880. 640. 45

MgOSCu

Si22

34. 9352. 603. 690. 87

FeOCaO

在有青铜冶金活动。表3为龟山遗址炉渣基体成分。

8

Fig. 8 Guishan site and related relics

颗粒

924460Cu

Fig. 9 Copper particles in slag sample No. 24460

09.89

18.390

Cl

4.54

V

s

2.52

Fe2.36

Cu

70.23

Cu8.90

Sn

17.36

Sn

31.28

Pb

34.53

* *

-^ _

0

9.27

0

12.12

-S

2.14

Cl

5.17

Fe0.98

Cu38.86

Cu87.61

Sn

12.25

a

Pb31.60

StgralA-CZ BSD

0« 9 JU2016

° 800X Photo Me > 19

Tim* « IS 2fl

氧化物颗粒

1024459Sn-Pb-Cu

Fig. 10 Sn-Pb-Cu oxide particles

in slag sample No. 24459

1.5

西2 。遗6

kmm

5 000 2(11)西

m

2

24464

FeCu

(03))4)12)

CaWFeWC

24463断面

13)

Cu

。该

Fe

。表4

11

Fig. 11 Shendunzhuang site and slag

O , 14.22

Ca 21.96

Fe 4.21-

W 59.62

DM 11 M201S

10 M3>

1224464 Cu

Fig. 12 Copper ,scheelite and ferberite particles

in slag sample No. 24464

94

ysyl. bgrimm. cn)

20211

颗粒

13 24463 CuFe

Fig. 13 Copper,tin bronze and iron particles

in slag sample No. 24463

4

Table 4 Normalid compositions of the

metallurgical relics at Shendunzhuang /%

23

MgO

SiC)2K

FeOCaOSCu

2

244645. 66 0. 90 30. 76 53. 24 2. 08 1. 50

7. 37 2. 57

2446313. 940. 9251. 2919. 657. 726. 480. 341. 68

1.6

10。遗

3 5 000 2(14)西相关

mm

6。陶

。所5件炉

24422

24423、24424、24425

FeCu

~- )颗

FeCrNiBaSQi

。样24427-

FeCuSnFe

15)。

6

14

Fig. 14 View of Niuxingdi site

矿物颗

15 24427 CuSn-Fe

Fig. 15 Copper and Sn-Fe mineral particles

in Sample No. 24427

5

Table 5 Radiocarbon dating of Niuxingdi site

^

________________

(B. P) (95. 4%

BA151097 zntOl

257520 804BC(95. 4%)768BC

796BCC60. 5%)748BC

685BCC10. 4%)667BC

BA151098znt02

254020

641BCC19. 6%)587BC

__________________581BC(4. 9K)556BC

6

Table 6 Normalid compositions of slag

samples at Niuxingdi site /%

MgOCaOFeOSCu

AIO

23

Si02K

2〇

244221. 665. 460. 27

27. 192. 8762. 560. 320. 76

244231. 214. 6725. 371. 659. 2657. 840. 610. 65

244244. 1322. 480. 890. 700. 60

0. 79

4. 6367. 35

244250. 551. 34

2. 7422. 980. 7068. 400. 72

24427

0. 833. 000. 512. 850. 060. 50

36. 9855. 82

2

。从

白荡湖流域

。安

173

Sn

怀

16)、由此可

得.

20211ysyl. bgrimm. t'n)

95

。基

首先

CuFeS

。考虑到朱相

SnAs

-()矿物.

SnFeCu

'02、-

CuSnSnFe

。与中小型遗

17,潜

Fe 3.54

Cu 89.14

----------------------------------r

As 7.33

S 17.87

»

Fe 2.86

| Fe

2.19

Si

0.65

Cl*7a27_

Cu$0.55

S19.45

As

7.26

Fe

4.40

Cu75.50

%

_ EHT-2000KV 9>vwlA-CZ»S0 Date 4 Jul2015

VWO-1»fwn Mag^ 920 X Photo No * 74 Tarn 1612

砷青铜

16 24414

Fig. 16 Arnical bronze particles in slag

sample No. 24414 at Tangjiadun site

17

Fig. 17 Clay model with phoenix and

cloudscape at Tianningzhai site

Ba

[1°]24410,牛24424

(18)。并的铜

Ba

24417

(19)。

12)

W

(2)的

后.怀址.

。关

西

1

-

-金1()hl],

CGAs

As

Fe

: , 1

V

Cu

!

18.38

3__

Ls

20.23

4

Fe4.75

Ba

56.63

SlgrMiA

«> 440X

18 24424 Cu

Fig. 18 Copper and barite particles in slag

sample No. 24424 at Niuxingdi site

1924417

Fig. 19 Covellite,malachite and barite particles

in slag sample No. 24417 at Tangjiadun site

王权

96

ysyl. bgrimm. cn)

20211

西[13],

。安 西

[3_4],西

沿西

[H]。

西

的“线。本

西

同时我们

西

西

。在

西[121617],

500 )

km

。这

1)

带把

。这

。2)青铜

遗址

3

西线

西

西

。正

怀潜山

i

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