(法律法规)法律英语专业词汇

法律英语专业词汇.doc

WordsandExpressions:

on：oritativedetermination(asadecreeorjudgment)

madeafterconsiderationoffactsorlaw裁决，判决

ent：ialdecisionthatshouldbefollowedbyajudgewhen

decidingalatersimilarcase先例（法律法规）法律英语专业词汇。

：cialorauthoritativedetermination,decree,statement,

orinterpretation(asbyajudgeonaquestionoflaw)裁定、裁决

le：againstuponreviewbyvirtueofahigherauthority

推翻

elaw：abranchoflawconcernedwithprivatepersons,property,

andrelationships私法

ature：fpersonshavingtheauthoritytomakelawsfora

politicalunit(asanationorstate)立法机关

tutionallaw：fstatutoryandcaselawthatisbasedon,

concerns,orinterpretsaconstitution宪法性法律

e：actedbythelegislativebranchofagovernment制定

法，成文法

le：

particularplaceforaparticularpurpose编纂

：maticcompilationorrevisionoflaworlegalprinciples

ect法典

w：ablishedbyjudicialdecisionsincasesas

distinguishedfromlawcreatedbylegislation-calledalsodecisionlaw判例法

eCourt：hestcourtsinthejudicialbranchoftheU.S.

governmentthathasoriginaljurisdictionovercontroversiesinvolving

ambassadorsorotherministersorconsulsbutwhosemainactivityisasthe

courtoflastresortexercisingappellatejurisdictionovercasesinvolving

federallaw最高法院（法律法规）法律英语专业词汇。

：ording;esp:toalterformallyby

modification,deletion,oraddition修改，修订

ent修正案

sance：mission(asbyapublicofficial)ofawrongful

orunlawfulactinvolvingoraffectingtheperformanceofone’sduties渎职行为

（罪）

h：gewithacrimeormisconduct;specif:tocharge(a

publicofficial)beforeacompetenttribunal()with

misconductinoffice弹劾

neofconstitutionalsupremacy宪法至上原则

n：enceofattemptingtooverthrowthegovernmentof

one’scountryorofassistingitsenemiesinwar叛国罪

eanor：thatcarriesalessseverepunishmentthana

felony;specif:acrimepunishablebyafineandbyatermofimprisonment

nottobeservedinapenitentiaryandnottoexceedoneyear轻罪

：ofalawpresentedtoalegislatureforenactment议案，法

案

tutionality：lityorstateofbeingconstitutional;esp:

conformitywiththeprovisionsofaconstitution合宪性

te：werabody(asanadministrativeagency)to

perform(agovernmentalfunction)授权，委托（法律法规）法律英语专业词汇。

oflaw：einconflictsoflawastowhatlaw(asamong

lawsofdifferentstatesormultiplefederallaws)shouldbeappliedinacase法

律选择

e(alsoinissue):underdiscussionorindispute有争议的

：法院

ourt：rtbeforewhichissuesoffactandlawaretriedand

firstdeterminedasdistinguishedfromanappellatecourt初审法院，审判法院

ate：latingtoappealsorthepowertohearappeals上

诉的

：edinginwhichacaseisbroughtbeforeahighercourt

forreviewofalowercourt’sjudgmentforthepurposeofconvincingthe

highercourtthatthelowercourt’sjudgmentwasincorrect上诉

iction：er,right,orauthoritytointerpret,apply,

anddeclarethelaw(asbyrenderingadecision)管辖权

djurisdiction：ictionthatisrestricted(astoatypeof

case)有限管辖权

ljurisdiction：ictionthatisnotlimited(astoaparticular

classofcase)普遍管辖权

tcourt：thatsitsinmorethatoneplaceinajudicial

district:asanyofthefederalcourtsofappeals巡回法院（法律法规）法律英语专

业词汇。

：ahearingto听审，审理

ionofacourtoradministrativeagencyregarding

anissue,case,orclaim判决，裁决

nt：vepartytolitigation诉讼当事人

ediatecourt：(asanappealscourt)beneaththecourt

oflastresortinajurisdiction中级上诉法院

ctcourt：courthavinggeneralorlimitedjurisdictionina

judicialdistrictasoneofthefederaltrialcourtssittinginafederaldistrict地

区法院

ityjurisdiction：thejurisdictiongrantedtofederalcourtsover

civildisputesinvolvingpartieshavingdiversecitizenship(asinbeingfrom

differentstates)wherethematterincontroversyexceedsastatutoryamount

多州管辖权，多元管辖权

tion：erofajudgetousehisorherownjudgmentin

makingdecisionsguidedbywhatisfairandequitableandbyprinciplesoflaw

自由裁量权

ary：,relatingto,orinvolvingasystemofjusticeinwhich

entedbycounselpresentevidencetoanimpartial

decision-maker(asajury)byaprocessofquestioningwitnessesunderthe

supervisionofajudge对抗性的

41controversy：ofdisputeordisagreement争议，纠纷

ding：cularsteporseriesofstepsintheenforcement,

adjudication,oradministrationofrights,remedies,laws,orregulations程序，

诉讼程序（法律法规）法律英语专业词汇。

tory：adj.管理的，规范性的

te：whopleadsonbehalfofanother,espalawyerwho

presentsaclient’scaseinalawcourt律师

45．produce：utorshowsthsothatitcanbeexaminedor

used出示，举出

itorial:tutingorrelatingtoasystemofjusticeinwhich

thejudgeconductsaninquirydevelopingthefactsoflitigant’scase审讯的，调

查的，讯问的

ony:cefurnishedbyawitnessunderoathoraffirmation

andeitherorallyorinanaffidavitordeposition证据，证词

examination:stexaminationofawitnessbytheparty

callingthewitness直接质证，直接询问

xamination:minationofawitnesswhohasalready

testifiedinordertocheckordiscreditthewitness’stestimony,knowledge,or

credibility交叉质证，交叉询问

ment:ementbetweenlitigantsthatconcludesthe

litigation.和解

：ownaruleorruling裁定

：stanceofacaseapartfrommattersofjurisdiction,

procedure,orform案件的实质问题

：ganactionagainst对……提起诉讼

s：vt.,sationforwrongorloss纠正，补救，救济

:v.,n.救济

:n.救济（过去用于指衡平法上的救济）

ation：cessofresolvingadisputeoragrievanceoutside

ofthecourtsystembypresentingittoanimpartialthirdpartyorpanelfora

decisionthatmayormaynotbebinding仲裁

：toseekajudicialremedyarisingfromawrongorinjury

suffered诉讼请求，主张

s：ennotificationthatoneisrequiredtoappearincourt

传票

ng：heformaldeclarationsexchangedbythepartiesin

alegalproceedingsettingforthclaims,averments,allegations,denials,or

defenses文状，诉状

int：tialpleadingthatstartsalawsuitandthatsetsforth

theallegationsmadebytheplaintiffagainstthedefendantandtheplaintiff’s

demandforrelief起诉状

：icationmadetoacourtorjudgetoobtainsuchan

application动议

s：gaboutororderthedismissalof(anaction)驳回（起

诉），撤销（案子）

64．allege：e(asafact)inapleading宣称

：entanddemandrecognitionof断言，主张

e：抗辩，防卫，辩方

ativedefense：adefensethatdoesnotdenythetruthofthe

allegationsagainstthedefendantbutgivessomeotherreasonwhythe

defendantcannotbeliable积极抗辩

r-claim：forreliefthatisassertedagainstanopposing

partyafteranoriginalclaimhasbeenmade反诉

ery:hodsusedbypartiestoacivilorcriminalactionto

obtaininformationheldbytheotherpartythatisrelevanttotheaction.证据

开示

(tion)：ifytounderoathorbyswornaffidavit

宣誓作证

nt：nwhogivesadeposition宣誓后的作证者

ogatory(ogate)：enquestiondirectedbyone

partytoanotherregardinginformationthatiswithinthescopeofdiscovery问

题,质询书

g：decided未决的

vit：athoron

affirmationbeforeanauthorizedmagistrateofficer宣誓书

yjudgment：judgmentthatmaybegranteduponaparty’s

motionwhenthepleadings,discovery,andanyaffidavitsshowthatthereis

nogenuineissueofmaterialfactandthatthepartyisentitledtojudgmentin

itsfavorasamatteroflaw即席判决

aljurisdiction:thejurisdictiongrantedacourttotryacaseinthe

firstinstance,makefindingsoffact,abledecision初

审管辖权

atejurisdiction：thejurisdictiongrantedtoparticularcourtsto

hearappealsofthedecisionsoflowertribunalsandtoreverse,affirm,or

modifythosedecisions上诉管辖权

nglegislation授权性立法

cess:acourseofformalproceedings(asjudicialproceedings)

carriedoutregularly,fairly,andinaccordancewithestablishedrulesand

principles正当程序

:acrimethathasagreaterpunishmentimposedbystatutethan

thatimposedonamisdemeanor,specif:afederalcrimeforwhichthe

punishmentmaybedeathorimprisonment重罪

alreview:aconstitutionaldoctrinethatgivestoacourtsystem

thepowertoannullegislativeorexecutiveactswhichthejudgesdeclareto

beunconstitutional司法审查，违宪审查

tion：aljudgmententeredafterafindingofguilt有罪判

决

t:guiltyofacriminaloffense判决有罪，裁定有罪

84：acquit:toabsolve(acriminaldefendant)ofachargebyjudicialprocess,

宣判无罪.

tal:n.宣判无罪

law:thebodyoflawdevelopedinEnglandthatisthebasisof

llawandofstatelawinallstatesexceptLouisiana.普通法

aw:民法，大陆法

诉讼

或lawsuit,常和action混用指具体的诉讼

tion诉讼（指诉讼这种争议解决方式）