精讲精练

动词不定式精讲精练

一不定式

1.不定式的一般式(todo)表示不定式的.动作将要发生或与谓语动作同时发生.

Heemstoknowthis.

Ihopetoeyouagain.=IhopethatI'lleyouagain.我希望再见到你。

2不定式的进行体(tobedoing)表示不定式的动作正在发生.

I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.

Heemstohavecaughtacold.

不定式的完成体(tohavedone)表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生.

Heiswellknowntohaveinventedthesteamengine.

二不定式的逻辑主语

1不定式的逻辑主语常不出现在句中.

2句子的主语,宾语有时是不定式的逻辑主语.

3不定式前"for+名词/代词"结构中的名词或代词也可以用来表示不定式的;逻辑主语.

4在"It+be+形容词+of+名词/代词+todo"结构中,名词或代词为不定式的逻辑主语.该结构中的形容词通常用

来表示人的品质.例如:kind,good,nice,bad,cruel,honest,bold,thoughtful,right,wrong,wi,clever,silly,

foolish,careless,rude等.

例如:It'sverykindofyoutocaltotellmeabouttheconference.

三不定式的否定式

不定式否定式由not/never+todo构成

四不定式的句法功能

1不定式做主语

1)Tosaysomethingisonething;todoitisanother.

2)Itisnotagoodideatobuildhousalongthelineswheretwooftheearth'splatesjointogether.

注:充当主语的不定式即可置于句首,位于谓语动词之前,也可作为句子的真正主语置于句末,用作形式主语.

2不定式作表语

3)Heruncleemstobeactingratherstrangelytowardsherthedays.

4)Thepurpoofthefenceistokeepoutatypeofwilddogcalleda"Dingo".

5)Onesuggestedanswerisforfarmerstolimitthenumberoftheircattle.

注:充当表语的不定式一般位于be,em等系动词后.

3不定式作宾语

6)ShylockagreedtolendAntoniomoneyononecondition.

注:充当宾语的不定式位于及物动词后.常用不定式作宾语的动词有:agree,plan,determine,dare,refu,hope,

wish,expect,promi,choo,pretend,decide,manage,intend,offer,afford,demand.

7)Thedustyairmakesitdifficulttogetaclearpictureofspace.

注:充当宾语的不定式如果有自己的表语,则可用代替只个不定式作为形式宾语,而作为真正宾语的不定式则

放在表语之后.以it作为形式宾语的这种结构常用在think,feel,find,make,consider等动词之后.

bigandstrong.

4不定式作宾语补足语

8)Thepowdermadefromfish,bloodandboneswillmakethecabbageplantsgrowbigandstrong.

9)PortiatoldBassaniotogotohisfriendatonce.

注:在下列动词后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to.这些动词是obrve,notice,e,hear,watch,have,feel,

make,let.但上述动词转换为被动语态时,其后的不定式须带to.例如:Thecabbageplantswillbemadetogrow。

5．不定式作状语

Tocarryoutthepromi“NewBeijing,NewOlympics”,actionspeakslouderthanwords.

Theycrazyhurriedtotheairport,onlytofindtheirfavoritefanshadalreadyleft.

6.不定式做定语

Ihadalotofhomeworktotoday.

Thereisstillsomewaytogobeforegettingtothedestination.

动词不定式专项练习

chertoldthem________makesomuchnoi.

’

teroftentoldus_______thingsforgranted.

ake

’ake

m_______thewindow.

hut

t

wantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.

o

thwarnedherdaughter________afterdrinking.

rdrive

rive

ientwaswarned_______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.

ing

kerswantus________togetherwiththem.

uldnotallowhim________acrosstheenemyline.

gtogo

ing

m_______outoftheroom.

denher_______upfromchildhood.

11.I’veheardhim_______aboutyouoften.

hehadoftenmadehislittlesister_______,todayhewasmade______byhislittlesister.

；；crying

；；cry

ade_________.

smade_______thetruckforaweekasapunishment.

shing

esn’thavetobemade_______.Healwaysworkshard.

ng

’resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind_______tobuy.

sn’ydon’tknow_________.

ochoo

which

18.“Haveyoudecidedwhen________?”

“Yes,tomorrowmorning.”

aving

leaving

mmerItookacouron________.

ssbemade

sstobemade

n’tknow______tostayornot.

ll

tended_______mewhenIpasdby.

ing

noten

22.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.

---Oh,Iforgot_______.

off

turneditoff

ed_________herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.

met

Jimshouldlove_______tothetheatrethivening.

love______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.

gone

sthekindofpersonwhopeopleliketo________.

iendsof

iendswith

________theotherexerciafteryouhavefinishedthisone.

ing

chedthetopofthehillandstopped_______onabigrockbythesideofthepath.

tquietabouttheaccident________lohisjob.

tto

sto

dayortwo________.

king

ooexcited_________.

ng

sBabbageisgenerallyconsidered________thefirstcomputer.

ing

invented

hewouldrathernot_______itrightnow.

ing

than_______onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______abicycle.

；；ride

；；riding

’_______putonyourovercoat.

ter

etterto

irlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_______.

n

37.I’omething_________.

ing

38.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.

---Whynot_______byboatforachange?

togo

ng

nothing_______atthephoto.

ook

king

himto_______meafewminutessothatwecouldgooveralltheproblems.

n’tlettheirteacher_______inthatway.

reated

ted

,youmustgetyourroom________afterbreakfast.

n

d

blem_______attomorrow’smeetingisaverydifficultone.

d

uss

hedthestation_____only_____thatthetrainhadjustleft.

；；learning

；；tolearn

45.---Didthatbookgivetheinformationyouneeded?

---Yes,but______,wehadtoreaditalmostentirely.

it

ingit

46.I’msorryIforgot______’sborrowonefromLiMing.

ng

ldn’tdecidewhichrestaurant_______.

at

oblemissaid_____threetimes.

discusd

beentalkedabout

odybelievedtheman______awaythediamondring.

taken

r____ratherthan______.

；；watch

g；；towatch

答案：

1-5DBBAA6-10CCAAA11-15CADAB16-20BBAAA

21-25ACCAB26-30DACBA31-35BCCCB36-40BBDAB

41-45DDCDB46-50CCDDB

解析：

1．osth告诉某人不做某事

2．takesthforgranted“把某事想当然”，是一个固定词组。uldn’ttakeitforgrantedthat

everyoneshouldhelpyou.你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。

4.不定式的省略要保留到to,否则就完整地表达，如:…buthismothertoldhimnottodoso.

nottodosth.此处用never替代not.

btodosth允许某人做某事；riskdoingsth冒险做某事

osth看见某人做某事

do让某人做某事，但用于被动结构后，则要用不定式符号to连接。

16．which用于有范围中的“哪一个”，此处作buy的宾语。

18．when+todo做decide的宾语，若用when引导宾语从句，用陈述句语序。

dtodo假装做某事。

22．forgettodosth忘记（要）做某事。

24．shouldlovetobetakento…愿意被带去……

25．因为状语是lastnight，用不定式的完成式表示本想……

dosth.继续做（与原来不相同的）事。此句可以从theotherexerci断定。

28．stoptodosth.停下来（去）做……

32．被动语态后用不定式连接，根据句意用完成式。

athernotdosth.宁愿不做某事。

thandosth.宁愿做……不愿做……

37．toeat此处作something的定语。for+doing多表用途。

dosth…“为什么不……”；trydoingsth试一试

39．Donothingbutdosth,此处用except替代but

匀出、腾出……，宾语为sb.；share分享，宾语为sth.

o,此处用的是被动语态

42．让某事被做

44．tired此处是过去分词，表示主语的状态。onlytolearn…此处的不定式表结果。

45．此处的tofindit,表示目的

ttherestaurant,介词at不能丢

48.此处使用的是不定式的完成被动式。表示“曾经被讨论过三次”。