英汉互译题型专题探究

题型专题探究--------------

翻译语篇

1命题趋势

1．“翻译”是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容、感情、风格等忠实地重新表

现出来。要求考生掌握各种句式、短语及习惯表达法的运用，正确运用两种语态和八种时

态。

2．中考对翻译句子的考查重点是：（1）常见句型的结构及固定搭配；（2）常见短语

的用法及习惯表达方式；（3）重要语法规则及其运用；（4）英、汉两种语言在表达方面的

异同。

3．考查的方式主要有：2个中译英（简单句），3个英译中（含复合句）。

2题型解法

中译英5步法：

Step1 览全文--- 明确中心大意、体裁、时态、考点

Step2 找主干--- 判断句子结构、搭好句型框架

Step3 定时态--- 定好时态语态，注意前后呼应

Step4 添枝叶--- 完成句子主干、添上修饰成分（定语/状语/补语）

Step5 重差异--- 了解文化差异、避免汉语思维

英译中策略：

1 一般为直译

2 注意事项：

【例】 （2013湖南长沙中考）

(2013长沙)翻译语篇 阅读下面的短文

Australia is the greatest island in the world. 71.澳大利亚比中国小一点.Australia is big, but there

are fewer people there. The population(人口) of Australia is smaller than that of Shanghai, a city

of China.

lia is in the south of the earth. So when it is hot summer in our country, Australia will be

cold winter. The asons in Australia and in China are just opposite(相反的). Summer in Australia

is from December to February, and winter is from July to August. it’s spring in China, it

will be autumn in Australia.

74.澳大利亚因绵羊和袋鼠而著名. They are both popular in Australia.

can e kangaroos(袋鼠) not only in zoos but also outside the cities and towns. There are

ten sheep for everyone in the country. So people call Australia “The country on the backs of

sheep”. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourlf in the middle of white sheep.

Sheep, sheep, sheep, sheep are everywhere.

Have you en a kangaroo? It has a “bag” on its body. The mother kangaroo keeps its baby

kangaroos in the “bag”. It’s very strange, isn’t it?

71__________________________________________________

72___________________________________________________

73____________________________________________________

74____________________________________________________

75_____________________________________________________

(2014长沙样卷)翻译语篇 阅读下面的短文

In China many people love to live an easy life. They do not want to hurry themlves. 66但是在

美国，大部分人都尽力去节省时间。

In many families, both the husband and wife work full-time(全职地)，so their free time is very

important to them. They look for quick and convenient方便 ways to do their shopping and other

things that they want to do.

Many years ago, people go to just one place. They can buy fruit, bread, meat, fresh vegetables,

foods and beer at the nearby supermarket.67. They can also buy things for their hous,such as

plates,irons and other can even buy socks, shoes,clothes and sunglass at

supermarkets.

68 When Americans eat out, they often go to fast-food restaurants. Breakfast, lunch and dinner are

always ready there. People buy their meals at the counters柜台 and wait for their food just a few

conds or minutes. Then they can carry the food to a table, eat it, and throw their trash away.69.

在快餐店吃饭，大概花20分钟就能吃完。

70 You can e that supermarkets and fast-food reataurants are very important to people in the

United States. They are quick and convenient to people in the United States. They are quick and

convenient, and that’s what people want when they are always looking for ways to save time.

66__________________________________________________

67___________________________________________________

68___________________________________________________

69___________________________________________________

70____________________________________________________