中秋节的来历和习俗英文

中秋节的来历和习俗英文

中秋节的来历和习俗英文

中秋节的来历和习俗英文(一)

The joyous Mid-Autumn Festival was celebrated on the

fifteenth day of the eighth moon, around the time of the autumn

equinox(秋分). Many referred to it simply as the "Fifteenth of the

Eighth Moon".

农历8月15日是中国的中秋节，接近秋分时节。很多人将中秋节

简单的理解为与“8月15的月亮”相关。

This day was also considered as a harvest festival since fruits,

vegetables and grain had been harvested by this time and food

was abundant. Food offerings were placed on an altar t up in

the courtyard. Apples, pears, peaches, grapes, pomegranates(石

榴), melons, oranges and pomelos(柚子) might be en. Special

foods for the festival included moon cakes, cooked taro(芋头)and

water caltrope(菱角), a type of water chestnut rembling black

buffalo horns. Some people insisted that cooked taro be included

becau at the time of creation, taro was the first food discovered

at night in the moonlight. Of all the foods, it could not be

omitted from the Mid-Autumn Festival.

The round moon cakes, measuring about three inches in

diameter and one and a half inches in thickness, rembled

Western fruitcakes in taste and consistency. The cakes were

made with melon eds(西瓜子), lotus eds(莲籽), almonds(杏仁),

minced meats, bean paste, orange peels and lard(猪油). A golden

yolk(蛋黄) from a salted duck egg was placed at the center of

each cake, and the golden brown crust was decorated with

symbols of the festival. Traditionally, thirteen moon cakes were

piled in a pyramid to symbolize the thirteen moons of a

"complete year," that is, twelve moons plus one intercalary(闰月

的) moon. uUlsda E

The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festivity for both the

Han and minority nationalities. The custom of worshipping the

moon can be traced back as far as the ancient Xia and Shang

Dynasties (2000 B.C.-1066 B.C.). In the Zhou Dynasty(1066 B.C.-

221 B.C.), people hold ceremonies to greet winter and worship

the moon whenever the Mid-Autumn Festival ts in. It becomes

very prevalent in the Tang Dynasty(618-907 A.D.) that people

enjoy and worship the full moon. In the Southern Song Dynasty

(1127-1279 A.D.), however, people nd round moon cakes to

their relatives as gifts in expression of their best wishes of family

reunion. When it becomes dark, they look up at the full silver

moon or go sighteing on lakes to celebrate the festival. Since

the Ming (1368-1644 A.D. ) and Qing Dynasties (1644-1911A.D.),

the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival celebration becomes

unprecedented popular. Together with the celebration there

appear some special customs in different parts of the country,

such as burning incen(熏香), planting Mid-Autumn trees,

lighting lanterns on towers and fire dragon dances. However, the

custom of playing under the moon is not so popular as it ud to

be nowadays, but it is not less popular to enjoy the bright silver

moon. Whenever the festival ts in, people will look up at the

full silver moon, drinking wine to celebrate their happy life or

thinking of their relatives and friends far from home, and

extending all of their best wishes to them.

Moon Cakes月饼

There is this story about the moon-cake. during the Yuan

dynasty (A.D. 1280-1368) China was ruled by the Mongolian

people. Leaders from the preceding Sung dynasty (A.D. 960-1280)

were unhappy at submitting to the foreign rule, and t how to

coordinate the rebellion without being discovered. The leaders

of the rebellion, knowing that the Moon Festival was drawing

near, ordered the making of special cakes. Backed into each

moon cake was a message with the outline of the attack. On the

night of the Moon Festival, the rebels successfully attached and

overthrew the government. Today, moon cakes are eaten to

commemorate this legend and was called the Moon Cake.

For generations, moon cakes have been made with sweet

fillings of nuts, mashed red beans, lotus-ed paste or Chine

dates(枣子), wrapped in a pastry. Sometimes a cooked egg yolk

can be found in the middle of the rich tasting desrt. People

compare moon cakes to the plum pudding and fruit cakes which

are rved in the English holiday asons.

中秋节的来历

农历八月十五，是我国传统的中秋节，也是我国仅次于春节的第

二大传统节日。八月十五恰在秋季的中间，故谓之中秋节。我国古历

法把处在秋季中间的八月，称为“仲秋”，所以中秋节又叫“仲秋

节”。

中秋节是个古老的节日，祭月赏月是节日的重要习俗。古代帝王

有春天祭日，秋天祭月的社制，民家也有中秋祭月之风，到了后来赏

月重于祭月，严肃的祭祀变成了轻松的欢娱。中秋赏月的风俗在唐代

极盛，许多诗人的名篇中都有咏月的诗句，宋代、明代、清代宫廷和

民间的拜月赏月活动更具规模。我国各地至今遗存着许多“拜月坛”、

“拜月亭”、“望月楼”的古迹。北京的“月坛”就是明嘉靖年间为

皇家祭月修造的。每当中秋月亮升起，于露天设案，将月饼、石榴、

枣子等瓜果供于桌案上，拜月后，全家人围桌而坐，边吃边谈，共赏

明月。

根据史籍的记载，“中秋”一词最早出现在《周礼》一书中。到

魏晋时，有“谕尚书镇牛淆，中秋夕与左右微服泛江”的记载。直到

唐朝初年，中秋节才成为固定的节日。《唐书·太宗记》记载有“八月

十五中秋节”。中秋节的盛行始于宋朝，至明清时，已与元旦齐名，

成为我国的主要节日之一。这也是我国仅次于春节的第二大传统节日。

中秋节起源的另一个说法是：农历八月十五这一天恰好是稻子成

熟的时刻，各家都拜土地神。中秋可能就是秋报的遗俗。

中秋节的传说

中秋节的传说是非常丰富的，嫦娥奔月、吴刚伐桂、玉兔捣药之

类的神话故事流传甚广。

步，月亮退三步，他退三步，月亮进三步，无论怎样也追不到跟前。

后羿无可奈何，又思念妻子，只好派人到嫦娥喜爱的后花园里，

摆上香案，放上她平时最爱吃的蜜食鲜果，遥祭在月宫里眷恋着自己

的嫦娥。百姓们闻知嫦娥奔月成仙的消息后，纷纷在月下摆设香案，

向善良的嫦娥祈求吉祥平安。从此，中秋节拜月的风俗在民间传开了。

吴刚折桂

相传月亮上的广寒宫前的桂树生长繁茂，有五百多丈高，下边有

一个人常在砍伐它，但是每次砍下去之后，被砍的地方又立即合拢了。

几千年来，就这样随砍随合，这棵桂树永远也不能被砍光。据说这个

砍树的人名叫吴刚，是汉朝西河人，曾跟随仙人修道，到了天界，但

是他犯了错误，仙人就把他贬谪到月宫，日日做这种徒劳无功的苦差

事，以示惩处。李白诗中有“欲斫月中桂，持为寒者薪”的记载。

玉兔捣药

相传月亮之中有一只兔子，浑身洁白如玉，故称作“玉兔”。白

麻和糖等作料，放在锅里烙熟，全家人一同食之，谓之“圆月”。

寻月 藏族同胞度中秋有水中“寻月”习俗。是日夜晚，青年儿童

沿着河流，寻找倒映在水中的明月，直至夜深，方归家吃团圆月饼。

祭月 锡伯族于中秋夜，在庭院中设一供桌，上面摆上切开的西瓜

及其他果品，然后全家人向月亮叩拜，请月神下凡，品尝人间的瓜果。

鄂伦春族也有类似习俗，祈求月神保佑，万事如意。

乞月 中秋夜半之后，广东东莞未婚的男青年三五成群地在月光下

燃烧香烛，向月下老人祭拜。传说，此刻是月老为凡间男女牵线做媒

之时，月老可为虔诚的小伙子觅上一个美貌多情的伴侣。

照月 浙东民间有“照月”得子风俗。传说，久婚不孕的妇女，在

中秋月圆当空时，独自坐于皎洁的月光之下，可以祈求月神赐福，受

孕得子。

各地中秋节的习俗

内外都点上灯烛。绩溪中秋儿童打中秋炮。中秋炮是以稻草扎成发辫

状，浸湿后再拿起来向石上打击，使之发出巨响并有游火龙的风俗。

火龙是以稻草扎成的龙，身上插有香柱。游火龙时有锣鼓队同行，游

遍各村后再送至河中。

四川省人过中秋除了吃月饼外，还要打粑、杀鸭子、吃麻饼、蜜

饼等。

在北方，山东省庆云县农家在八月十五祭土谷神，称为“青苗

社”。

河北省万全县称中秋为“小元旦”，月光纸上绘有太阴星君及关

帝夜阅春秋像。河间县人认为中秋雨为苦雨，若中秋节下雨，当地人

则认为青菜必定味道不佳。

我国有二十多个少数民族也过中秋节，但节俗各异。

壮族习惯于在河中的竹排房上用米饼拜月，少女在水面放花灯，

以测一生的幸福，并演唱优美的《请月姑》民歌。仡佬族在节前的

为了反抗这些坏事做绝的爪牙，推翻统治阶级，有个聪明的人想

了一个联络大众的办法，他扮成卖芋头的商人，在熟芋头皮下藏着字

条送到每家每户，要求人民在中秋之夜赏月时统一行动，把这些爪牙

全部杀掉。最后，全国各地的人民起义推翻了元朝的统治。

后来人们为了纪念这次起义行动，每逢中秋节晚上就摆着熟芋头

和细茶、老酒、月饼等，一边赏月一边谈论着家事国事，并讲述那久

远而传奇的故事。

中秋佳联撷萃

中秋赏月，古往今来，文人雅士给我们留下了许多情景交融的佳

联奇对。

四川巫峡瑶台有一联：

月月月明，八月月明明分外;

山山山秀，巫山山秀秀非常。

此联以叠词的方式写出了“月到中秋分外明”的特色，使中秋月

色与巫山秀色相对，工整自然，珠联璧合。

古代有一才子，仰望中秋月，吟上联曰：天上月圆，人间月半，

月月月圆逢月半。但他苦思冥想，对不出相媲美的下联，直到那年的

除夕之夜，才触动灵感，吟出下联：今夜年尾，明日年头，年年年尾

接年头。此联结构严谨，浅显明快。

某年中秋，苏东坡与家人赏月至夜半，出一上联要三个儿子对：

月弦上挂上弦月;星斗北移北斗星。

月上楼头楼上月;名题榜首榜题名。

中秋节的来历和习俗英文(二)

中秋节的来历和习俗(中英对照)如下：

"Zhong Qiu Jie", which is also known as the Mid-Autumn

Festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the

lunar calendar. It is a time for family members and loved ones to

congregate and enjoy the full moon - an auspicious symbol of

abundance, harmony and luck. Adults will usually indulge in

fragrant mooncakes of many varieties with a good cup of piping

hot Chine tea, while the little ones run around with their

brightly-lit lanterns.

农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日——中秋节。在这天，每个家

庭都团聚在一起，一家人共同观赏象征丰裕、和谐和幸运的圆月。此

时，大人们吃着美味的月饼，品着热腾腾的香茗，而孩子们则在一旁

拉着兔子灯尽情玩耍。

"Zhong Qiu Jie" probably began as a harvest festival. The

festival was later given a mythological flavour with legends of

Chang-E, the beautiful lady in the moon.

中秋节最早可能是一个庆祝丰收的节日。后来，月宫里美丽的仙

女嫦娥的神话故事赋予了它神话色彩。

According to Chine mythology, the earth once had 10 suns

circling over it. One day, all 10 suns appeared together, scorching

the earth with their heat. The earth was saved when a strong

archer, Hou Yi, succeeded in shooting down 9 of the suns. Yi stole

the elixir of life to save the people from his tyrannical rule, but

his wife, Chang-E drank it. Thus started the legend of the lady in

the moon to whom young Chine girls would pray at the Mid-

Autumn Festival.

传说古时候，天空曾有10个太阳。一天，这10个太阳同时出现，

酷热难挡。弓箭手后翌射下了其中9个太阳，拯救了地球上的生灵。

他偷了长生不死药，却被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下。此后，每年中秋月圆之

时，少女们都要向月宫仙女嫦娥祈福的传说便流传开来。

In the 14th century, the eating of mooncakes at "Zhong Qiu

Jie" was given a new significance. The story goes that when Zhu

Yuan Zhang was plotting to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty started

by the Mongolians, the rebels hid their messages in the Mid-

Autumn mooncakes. Zhong Qiu Jie is hence also a

commemoration of the overthrow of the Mongolians by the Han

people.

在14世纪，中秋节吃月饼又被赋予了一层特殊的含义。传说在朱

元璋带兵起义推翻元朝时，将士们曾把联络信藏在月饼里。因此，中

秋节后来也成为汉人推翻蒙古人统治的纪念日。

During the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.1206-1368) China was ruled by

the Mongolian people. Leaders from the preceding Sung Dynasty

(A.D.960-1279) were unhappy at submitting to foreign rule, and

t how to coordinate the rebellion without it being discovered.

The leaders of the rebellion, knowing that the Moon Festival was

drawing near, ordered the making of special cakes. Packed into

each mooncake was a message with the outline of the attack. On

the night of the Moon Festival, the rebels successfully attacked

and overthrew the government. What followed was the

establishment of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368-1644). Today,

moon cakes are eaten to commemorate this event.

在元朝，蒙古人统治中国。前朝统治者们不甘心政权落入外族之

手，于是密谋策划联合起义。正值中秋将近，起义首领就命令部下制

作一种特别的月饼，把起义计划藏在每个月饼里。到中秋那天，起义

军获取胜利，推翻了元朝，建立明朝。今天，人们吃月饼纪念此事