11 正月十五闹元宵

11 正月十五闹元宵

相关材料：

元宵节，又称上元节、小正月、元夕或灯节，是中国的传统节日之一，

时间为每年农历正月十五。正月是农历的元月，古人称“夜”为“宵”，正月十

五是一年中第一个月圆之夜，所以称正月十五为“元宵节”。根据道教“三元”

的说法，正月十五又称为“上元节”。元宵节习俗自古以来就以热烈喜庆的观

灯习俗为主。2008年6月，元宵节选入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产。

元宵灯节期间，也是男女青年与情人相会的时机。所以说元宵节是地道

的中国情人节。

节日起源

元宵节是中国的传统节日，元宵节习俗的形成有一个较长的过程，根源

于民间开灯祈福古俗。开灯祈福通常在正月十四夜便开始“试灯”，十五日夜

为‘“正灯’，民间要点灯盏，又称“送灯盏”，以进行祭神祈福活动。东汉佛教

文化的传入，对于形成元宵节习俗也有着重要的推动意义，汉明帝永平年间，

汉明帝为了弘扬佛法，下令正月十五夜在宫中和寺院“燃灯表佛”。因此正月

十五夜燃灯的习俗随着佛教文化影响的扩大及后来道教文化的加入逐渐在

中国扩展开来。南北朝时，元宵张灯渐成风气。梁武帝笃信佛教，其宫中正

月十五大张灯火。唐朝时，中外文化交流更为密切，佛教大兴，仕官百姓普

遍在正月十五这一天“燃灯供佛”，佛家灯火于是遍布民间。从唐代起，元宵

张灯即成为法定之事。

节日习俗

猜灯谜

猜灯谜又称打灯谜，是中国独有的富有民族风格的一种传统民俗文娱活

动形式，是从古代就开始流传的元宵节特色活动。每逢农历正月十五，传统

民间都要挂起彩灯，燃放焰火，后来有好事者把谜语写在纸条上，贴在五光

十色的彩灯上供人猜。因为谜语能启迪智慧又迎合节日气氛，所以响应的人

众多，渐渐地猜谜就成了元宵节不可缺少的节目。灯谜增添节日气氛，展现

了古代劳动人民的聪明才智和对美好生活的向往。

闹花灯

闹花灯是元宵节传统节日习俗，始于西汉，兴盛于隋唐。隋唐以后，历

代灯火之风盛行，并沿袭传于后世。而正月十五，又是一年一度的闹花灯放

烟火的高潮。所以也把元宵节称为“灯节”，在山西的县城一级城廓甚至乡镇

中，这些居民集中地，繁华热闹区，在正月十五到来之前，满街挂满灯笼，

到处花团锦簇，灯光摇曳，到正月十五晚上达到高潮。

吃元宵

元宵古称“浮元子”，是一种雅俗共尝，甜而不腻，脍炙人口的民间小吃，

全国流行。正月十五吃元宵，“元宵”作为食品，在中国也由来已久。近千年

来，元宵的制作日见精致。光就面皮而言，就有江米面、粘高梁面、黄米面

和苞榖面。馅料的内容更是甜咸荤素、应有尽有。甜的有所谓桂花白糖、山

楂白糖、什锦、豆沙、芝麻、花生等。咸的有猪油肉馅，可以做油炸炒元宵。

素的有芥、蒜、韭、姜组成的五辛元宵，有表示勤劳、长久、向上的意思。

舞狮子

舞狮子是中国优秀的民间艺术，每逢元宵佳节或集会庆典，民间都以舞

狮助兴。这一习俗起源于三国时期，南北朝时开始流行，已有一千多年的历

史。“舞狮子”始于魏晋，盛于唐，又称“狮子舞”、“太平乐”，一般由三人完

成，二人装扮成狮子，一人充当狮头，一人充当狮身和后脚，另一人当引狮

人，舞法上又有文武之分，文舞表现狮子的温驯，有抖毛、打滚等动作，武

狮表现狮子的凶猛，有腾跃、蹬高、滚彩球等动作。

元宵节除了上面的习俗外，各地还有不同的习俗，如：划旱船、踩高跷、

逐鼠、耍龙灯、走百病等，活动精彩纷呈、年味十足。

一、阅读单选

（2022·四川绵阳·统考一模）The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar

month, marking the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.

At this festival, people often watch lanterns, which are in any size and shape you can

imagine, from animals to plants and flowers. Another activity, guessing the answers to lantern

riddles gives young people a chance to have more fun. Chine people regard the dragon as a

symbol of auspiciousness （吉祥）. So people also perform dragon lantern dances to look

forward to a good omen（征兆） of this year’s good weather and peace. Lion dance is similar

to the dragon lantern dancer delivering good wishes and good luck. Eating yuanxiao at the

Lantern Festival is another tradition. Yuanxiao is made of glutinous（黏的）rice，either solid

or stuffed. The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar, hawthorn（山楂）, various kinds of fruit

and so on. It can be boiled, fired or steamed.

The Lantern Festival also emed romantic in the old times. Becau some young girls

in ancient China were not allowed to go out very often except during certain festivals, this

festival was a time for unmarried men and women to meet. Watching lanterns at night was

just an opportunity for young women to find a man who attracted them. Therefore, for

thousands of years, there have been a large number of stories and poems written about the

during the Lantern Festival. The famous Song Dynasty poet Ou Yangxiu wrote the

well-known lines:

Atop the willow tree hangs the moon, my date comes in the evening soon.

Today, more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals, while traditional Chine

ones are ignored. Our traditional values are in danger of losing their true meanings. What

should we do?

1．How many celebrations are mentioned in this passage?

A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7

2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the cond paragraph?

A．yuanxiao. B．stuffing. C．rice. D．hawthorn.

3．Which of following is true according to the passage?

A．The Lantern Festival is the start of the Spring Festival celebrations .

B．People perform dragon lantern dances to have more fun in old times.

C．It ems that young people in ancient China loved the Lantern Festival.

D．We can still have dumplings as the traditional food of the Lantern Festival.

4．Which line could best describe the youngsters’ meeting on the ancient Lantern Festival

night?

A．Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring.

B．When will the full moon appear? Wine up in hand. I ask the sky.

C．No matter how high the mountain is, one can always climb to the top.

D．I look for her in the crowd, when I turn my head. I find her there where light is didn’ t

shed.

5．What may be next paragraph about?

A．Different kinds of Western festivals.

B．Introduction of the traditional values.

C．Ways to protect traditional Chine festivals.

D．Reasons why more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals.

二、阅读还原5选5

（2022·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最

佳选项。

Wang Yaping, a taikonaut onboard China’s space station, offered people on Earth a

zero-gravity musical performance to celebrate the Lantern Festival.

The space show was shared at an annual TV gala for the festival celebration. ___6___

She played a popular Chine traditional song “Jasmine Flower”

___7___ People usually hang colorful lanterns, play riddles and express their wishes and

hopes for the future.

The crew members, who traveled to the space station on the Shenzhou-13 mission, kept

some joyful traditions alive as they continued to move around the Earth. Zhai Zhigang wrote

riddles on red paper with a brush pen. He showed the calligraphy (毛笔字) together with

taikonaut Ye Guangfu and made festival greetings to the audience. They also nt blessings to

athletes at the Beijing Winter Olympics. “___8___”

The video of the space performance was received with great interest after it was shared

on social medias. ___9___

The Lantern Festival also marks the last day of the lunar New Year celebration.

___10___ Donning new clothes, the crew members enjoyed the traditions of eating

dumplings and pasting spring couplets on walls.

A．It drew nearly 2 million hits in one hour on Sina Weibo.

B．Though far from home, the cheerful feelings in space were the same.

C．We wish that you all get success, friendship and harvest your best Olympic experience.

D．The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first month of the Chine lunar calendar.

E．In the video, Wang was en floating in the space module while playing a guzheng, or

Chine zither.

（2021·湖北宜昌·统考一模）While most people think the Chine New Year’s

celebration goes on for only one day, by custom it is a fifteen-day celebration, and some of

the days have their own festivals. ____11____, the festival on the 15th day of the Chine

New Year’s celebration.

____12____. In one old story, an emperor ordered people to light lanterns to honor

Buddha（佛陀）. Much later, people began to carry around red paper lanterns with pieces of

paper with riddles（谜语）written on them. ____13____, walked around and tried to solve

each other’s riddles.

During the Lantern Festival, many people eat tangyuan or yuanxiao. They are quite

similar, and some people even say they are the same food. ____14____. The foods are most

often eaten at home with the family on the day of the Lantern Festival.

Of cour, an important part of the Lantern Festival is the lanterns themlves. Some

cities try to have the largest, most beautiful lanterns around, of all different kinds of shapes

and sizes. ____15____. It makes everyone feel festive（喜庆的）and happy.

A．It is not really clear how the Lantern Festival started

B．Both are dumplings filled with something sweet and salty

C．The most important of the is the Lantern Festival

D．Streets are lined with lanterns during this time of year

E．They came together in parks with their lanterns

三、语法填空

（2021·浙江杭州·统考一模）The Chine New Year fell on 31 January last year. We

had ___16___ 12-day holiday. But I took an extra five days off, ___17___ that I could spend

more time with my parents. The last day of my holiday was the Lantern Festival. ___18___

that day, people watch fireworks(焰火) and eat yuanxiao, a traditional food for this festival.

When I was a little boy, I ___19___ (love) the Lantern Festival. We went onto the streets

___20___ (watch) lion dances and parades in the daytime. Some of the performances were

really ___21___ (amaze). People dresd up as animals, monsters and other creatures, and

they told ___22___ (story) through their acting. At night many beautiful lanterns were

___23___ (hang) along the streets. We looked at the lanterns(灯笼) and solved the riddles on

them.

___24___ (sad) people don’t keep this tradition very much anymore. In my hometown,

the festival is ____25____ (quiet) now than before. There are very few performances.

四、短文首字母填空

（2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，

写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。

The Chine life is colorful with many interesting folk ways. The Lantern Festival is on

the 15th day of the first lunar month, it has a Chine name Yuanxiao Festival. Yuanxiao

comes from the f___26___ that people call the first lunar month the Yuan Month and night

Xiao. The night of the 15th day of the first lunar month m___27___ the beginning of the first

full moon. On the Lantern Festival, the Chine people have the custom of e___28___

lanterns and eating glutinous rice dumplings. There is a common saying that “Playing on the

Lantern Festival.”

The custom started during the Han Dynasty, and has a h___29___ of more than 2000

years. On that night, every place is decorated with lanterns and streamers(饰带) and there is a

bustling atmosphere. As night f___30___, people go in crowds to the a of colorful lanterns:

palace lanterns, wall lamps, figure lanterns, flower lanterns, revolving hor lanterns, animal

lanterns, and toy lanterns, of all types and c____31____. Some lanterns have riddles(谜语) on

them, which encourage people to try to be the f___32___ to find the answer.

It is a___33___ a traditional custom to eat glutinous rice dumplings at this time. As early

as the Song Dynasty, there was such a kind of food, a round ball m___34___ of glutinous rice

【答案解析】

【短文大意】

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统节日之一的元宵节，如元宵节的庆祝活动、在古代

这个节日的意义以及相关的文学创作等等。

1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“watch lanterns”、“guessing the answers to lantern riddles”、

“perform dragon lantern dances”、“Lion dance”和“Eating yuanxiao”可知元宵节的庆祝活动有看

花灯、猜灯谜、舞龙、醒狮和吃元宵等5项活动。故选B。

2．猜测词义题。It所在的句子意为“它可以煮着吃、烤着吃或者蒸着吃”，说明It指的是一

种食物。根据第二段中的“Yuanxiao is made of glutinous（黏的）rice，either solid or stuffed.”

可知It指的是元宵节的特色食物，元宵。故选A。

3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Becau some young girls in ancient China were not allowed to go

out very often except during certain festivals, this festival was a time for unmarried men and

women to meet.”可知古代的年轻女子是不被允许经常外出的，除了在某些特定的节日，而元

宵节这个节日就是给那些未婚男女相遇的一个美好时机。由此可推测古代年轻人很喜欢这个

节日。故选C。

4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Watching lanterns at night was just an opportunity for young women

to find a man who attracted them.”可知元宵节晚上赏花灯是年轻女子寻找青睐她们的男子的

大好时机，说明赏灯的场景适合写诗抒情。选项D的诗句为“众里寻他千百度。蓦然回首，

那人却在灯火阑珊处。”符合题意。故选D。

5．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Our traditional values are in danger of losing their true

meanings. What should we do?”可知文章末尾作者表达了以下观点：我们的传统价值正面临着

失去它们原有意义的危险，并对于“接下来如何做”提出疑问，说明下一段应该就“如何保护

我们的传统文化”这一问题提出相关的建议或做法。故选C。

【短文大意】

本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述中国空间站核心舱航天员王亚平为地球上的人们献上了一场

零重力的音乐表演，以庆祝元宵节。

6．根据“She played a popular Chine traditional song ‘Jasmine Flower’”可知，她演奏了一首流

行的中国传统歌曲《茉莉花》，此处介绍王亚平的表演，选项E“在视频中，王亚平被看到

漂浮在太空舱中弹奏古筝”符合语境，故选E。

7．根据“ People usually hang colorful lanterns, play riddles and express their wishes and hopes for

the future.”可知，人们通常挂彩灯，猜灯谜，表达他们对未来的愿望和希望。此处介绍元宵

节的传统，选项D“元宵节在中国农历的第一个月的第十五天”符合语境，故选D。

8．根据“They also nt blessings to athletes at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，他们还为参

加北京冬奥会的运动员们送上了祝福。此处介绍这些祝愿，选项C“我们祝愿你们获得成功，

友谊，收获最好的奥运经历”符合语境，故选C。

9．根据“The video of the space performance was received with great interest after it was shared on

social medias.”可知，太空表演的视频在社交媒体上分享后，引起了极大的兴趣。选项A“这

张照片在一小时内在新浪微博上获得了近200万的点击量”符合语境，故选A。

10．根据“Donning new clothes, the crew members enjoyed the traditions of eating dumplings and

pasting spring couplets on walls.”可知，穿上新衣服，船员们享受着吃饺子和贴春联的传统。

此处描述宇航员在太空同样庆祝春节，同样喜悦。选项B“虽然远离家乡，但在太空的快乐

感觉是一样的”符合语境，故选B。

【短文大意】

本文主要介绍中国的传统节日元宵节。

11．根据“the festival on the 15th day of the Chine New Year’s celebration”可知，此处引出将

要介绍的节日——元宵节，C选项“其中最重要的是元宵节”符合语境。故选C。

12．根据“In one old story, an emperor ordered people to light lanterns to honor Buddha. Much

later, people began to carry around red paper lanterns with pieces of paper with riddles written on

them.”可知，本段介绍元宵节的来历，选项A“现在还不清楚元宵节是如何开始的”符合语境。

故选A。

13．根据“Much later, people began to carry around red paper lanterns with pieces of paper with

riddles written on them.”以及“walked around and tried to solve each other’s riddles”可知，此处与

写有谜语的灯笼有关，选项E“他们带着灯笼在公园里聚在一起”符合语境。故选E。

14．根据“During the Lantern Festival, many people eat tangyuan or yuanxiao. They are quite

similar, and some people even say they are the same food.”可知，此处与汤圆和元宵有关，选项

B“两者都是包着甜和咸馅料的小面团”符合语境。故选B。

15．根据“Some cities try to have the largest, most beautiful lanterns around, of all different kinds

of shapes and sizes.”以及“It makes everyone feel festive and happy.”可知，此处与灯笼营造的节

日氛围有关，选项D“每年的这个时候，街道两旁都是灯笼”符合语境。故选D。

【短文大意】

本文主要讲述了作者度过元宵佳节的经历以及自己的感受。

16．句意：我们有一个12天的假期。holiday是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，而且12-day

首字母发音为辅音，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。

17．句意：但是我多休了五天假，这样我就可以有更多的时间和我的父母在一起。根据that

可知，此处使用so，so that引导结果状语从句，表示“我多休息了五天，这样就能多陪伴父

母”。故填so。

18．句意：在那一天，人们看烟花，吃元宵，这是这个节日的传统食物。句中“that day”表

示具体的日期，所以使用时间介词on，表示“在那一天”。故填On。

19．句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我喜爱元宵节。根据was可知，句中时态为一般过

去时，所以动词love使用过去式。故填loved。

20．句意：我们白天到街上去看舞狮和游行。根据“lion dances and parades”可知，此处使用

动词不定式作目的状语，表示“到街上的目的是看舞狮和游行”。故填to watch。

21．句意：有些表演真的很精彩。were是be动词，此处使用形容词；主语“Some of the

performances”表示物，所以使用修饰物的形容词amazing。故填amazing。

22．句意：人们装扮成动物、怪物和其他生物，通过他们的表演讲故事。story是可数名词，

而且前面没有不定冠词，所以此处使用其复数形式，tell stories讲故事。故填stories。

23．句意：晚上，许多美丽的灯笼挂在街上。lanterns和hang之间是被动关系，表示“灯笼

被挂”，句中已有were，此处使用动词hang的过去分词。故填hung。

24．句意：可悲的是，人们不再保持这个传统了。分析句子结构可知，句式结构完整，所以

使用副词修饰整个句子；sad的副词为sadly，意为“悲哀地”。故填Sadly。

25．句意：在我的家乡，这个节日比以前更安静了。quiet是形容词，根据than可知，此处

使用形容词quiet的比较级quieter。故填quieter

【短文大意】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统节日——元宵节。

26．句意：元宵来源于人们称农历正月为元月和夜晓的事实。根据下文“people call the first

lunar month the Yuan Month and night Xiao”可知，这里是讲述事实，应用fact表示，结合后

句and并列的两部分，应用复数形式，故填(f)acts。

27．句意：正月十五的晚上意味着第一个满月的开始。根据下文“the beginning of the first full

moon”可知，标志着第一个满月的开始。根据首字母m提示，可得单词mark，主语The night

of the 15th day of the first lunar month为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填(m)arks。

28．句意：在元宵节这天，中国人有赏灯笼、吃汤圆的习俗。根据上文“On the Lantern Festival”

及常识可知，在元宵节这天，中国人赏灯笼。根据首字母e提示，可得单词enjoy，且位于

介词of之后，故enjoy应用ing形式，故填(e)njoying。

29．句意：这一习俗始于汉代，至今已有两千多年的历史。根据上文“The custom started during

the Han Dynasty”可知，这一习俗至今已有两千多年的历史。根据首字母h提示，可得单词

history，且位于a之后，故history应用单数形式。故填(h)istory。

30．句意：夜幕降临，人们成群结队地来到五彩缤纷的灯海中。根据下文“people go in crowds

to the a of colorful lanterns”可知，夜幕降临，才能看灯。根据首字母f提示，可得单词fall，

根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时陈述事实，主语为night，故动词fall应用第三人称单

数形式。故填(f)alls。

31．句意：宫灯、壁灯、人像灯、花灯、转马灯、动物灯、玩具灯，种类繁多，颜色各异。

根据上文“people go in crowds to the a of colorful lanterns”可知，元宵灯种类繁多，颜色各异。

根据首字母c提示，可得单词colour/color，空格前为all，应用复数形式。故填(c)olours/(c)olors。

32．句意：有些灯笼上有谜语，这鼓励人们努力成为第一个找到答案的人。根据上文“Some

lanterns have riddles(谜语) on them”及常识可知，出谜语第一个猜出来的人会有奖励，所以是

鼓励人们努力成为第一个找到答案的人。根据首字母f提示，可得单词first，意为“第一个

的”，符合句意，故填(f)irst。

33．句意：吃糯米糍也是传统习俗。根据上文“The custom started during the Han Dynasty, and

has a history of more than 2000 years”可知，这里说的是另一个习俗，所以空格处应填意为“也”

的单词。根据首字母a提示，可得单词also，副词，意为“也”，符合句意，故填(a)lso。

34．句意：早在宋代，就有这样一种食物，一种用糯米粉做成的圆球，里面装满了糖和果仁。

根据下文“glutinous rice flour with a filling of sugar and kernels”可知，此处指的是它的制作原

料。根据首字母m提示，可得单词make，根据语境可知，此处应用被动语态，故make应

用过去分词。故填(m)ade。

35．句意：中国人民希望万事如意。根据下文“yuanman in Chine”可知，圆满的意思就是

万事如意。根据首字母e提示，可得单词everything，意为“一切”，符合句意，故填(e)verything。